Galago waku Senegal nyani wa banja la a Galagos, omwe amadziwikanso kuti nagapies (kutanthauza "anyani ausiku pang'ono" mu Afrikaans) Awa ndi anyani ang'onoang'ono okhala ku Africa. Ndi anyani opambana kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana aminyani mu Africa. Phunzirani zambiri za anyani odabwitsawa, zizolowezi zawo ndi moyo wawo, patsamba ili.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Galago waku Senegal
Magalagos aku Senegal ndi anyani ang'onoang'ono usiku omwe amakhala makamaka mumitengo. Banja la Galago limaphatikizapo mitundu pafupifupi 20, iliyonse yomwe imapezeka ku Africa. Komabe, misonkho yamtunduwu nthawi zambiri imatsutsidwa ndikusinthidwa. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu ya lemurid imakhala yovuta kusiyanitsa wina ndi mzake pamaziko a morphology yokha chifukwa cha kusintha kosinthika, chifukwa chake kufanana pakati pa mitundu yamagulu osiyanasiyana a taxonomic omwe amakhala m'malo amodzimodzi ndikukhala mgulu lofananira lachilengedwe.
Kanema: Senegal Galago
Zotsatira zakusungidwa kwamitundumitundu ku Galago nthawi zambiri zimakhazikitsidwa ndi maumboni osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kafukufuku wamawu, ma genetics, ndi morphology. Dongosolo la genomic DNA ya galago waku Senegal likukula. Chifukwa ndi anyani "achikale", njirayi idzakhala yothandiza kwambiri poyerekeza ndi momwe anyani akuluakulu (ma macaque, chimpanzi, anthu) ndi ena omwe sanali anyani monga makoswe.
Chosangalatsa: Kulumikizana kowoneka bwino kwa galago waku Senegal, wogwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pamisili. Nyamazi zimakhala ndi nkhope zosiyanasiyana posonyeza kukwiya, mantha, chisangalalo, ndi mantha.
Malinga ndi mtundu wa galago, akatswiri amatchula banja la galag lemurs. Ngakhale kale anali owerengedwa pakati pa a Loridae ngati banja (Galagonidae). M'malo mwake, nyamazo zimakumbutsa kwambiri ma loris lemurs, ndipo ndizofanana ndi iwo, koma galag ndi achikulire, motero adaganiza zopanga banja lodziyimira pawokha.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: galago waku Senegal mwachilengedwe
Kutalika kwapakati pa Galago senegalensis ndi 130 mm. Mchira kutalika kwake kumasiyana pakati pa 15 mpaka 41 mm. Mamembala amtunduwo amalemera magalamu 95 mpaka 301. Galago waku Senegal ali ndi mnenepa, waubweya, wokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali, ubweya wavy, mithunzi yake imasiyanasiyana kuyambira imvi mpaka yofiirira pamwambapa ndi yopepuka pang'ono pansipa. Makutuwo ndi akulu, okhala ndi mizere inayi yopingasa yomwe imatha kupindidwa modziyimira pawokha kapena munthawi yomweyo ndi makwinya kutsika kuchokera nsonga mpaka kumunsi. Kumapeto kwa zala ndi zala zakumanja zimakhala ndi khungu lokhathamira lomwe limathandiza kugwira nthambi za mitengo ndi malo oterera.
Pansi pa lilime lanyama pali khungu (ngati lilime lachiwiri), limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mano pokonzekeretsa. Mapazi a galago ndi otalikirapo, mpaka 1/3 ya kutalika kwa shin, komwe kumalola nyamazi kudumpha mtunda wautali, ngati kangaroo. Alinso ndi minofu yolimba kwambiri m'miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, yomwe imawathandizanso kuti azilumpha kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa: Nzika zaku Africa zimagwira galago waku Senegal pokonza zidebe za vinyo wa mgwalangwa, kenako amatolera ziwetozo ataledzera.
Senegal ya Galago ili ndi maso akulu omwe amawapatsa masomphenya abwino usiku kuphatikiza pazinthu zina monga kumbuyo kwamphamvu, kumva mwachidwi, ndi mchira wautali womwe umawathandiza kuchita bwino. Makutu awo ali ngati mileme ndipo amawalola kutsatira tizilombo mumdima. Amagwira tizilombo pansi kapena kuwakhadzula mumlengalenga. Ndi zolengedwa zachangu, zothamanga. Zikamadutsa m'nkhalango zowirira, anyaniwa amapinda makutu awo owonda kuti ateteze.
Kodi galago waku Senegal amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Galago Wamng'ono waku Senegal
Nyamayi imakhala m'malo okhala ndi nkhalango ndi zitsamba zam'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa, kuyambira kum'mawa kwa Senegal mpaka Somalia komanso mpaka ku South Africa (kupatula kumwera kwake), ndipo imapezeka pafupifupi mdziko lililonse lapakatikati. Mtundu wawo umafikanso kuzilumba zina zapafupi, kuphatikiza Zanzibar. Komabe, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamlingo wogawa kwawo ndi mitundu.
Pali magawo anayi:
- G. s. senegalensis amayambira ku Senegal kumadzulo kupita ku Sudan ndi kumadzulo kwa Uganda;
- G. braccatus amadziwika m'malo angapo ku Kenya, komanso kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kumpoto chapakati ku Tanzania;
- G. dunni amapezeka ku Somalia ndi dera la Ogaden ku Ethiopia;
- G. sotikae ili m'malire ndi magombe akumwera kwa Nyanja ya Victoria, Tanzania, kuchokera kumadzulo kwa Serengeti kupita ku Mwanza (Tanzania) ndi Ankole (kumwera kwa Uganda).
Mwambiri, magawo ogawa pakati pamagawo anayiwo sadziwika kwenikweni ndipo sawonetsedwa pamapu. Amadziwika kuti pali kulumikizana kwakukulu pamitundu yama subspecies osiyanasiyana.
Mayiko omwe galago waku Senegal amapezeka:
- Benin;
- Burkina Faso;
- Ethiopia;
- Central African Republic;
- Cameroon;
- Chad;
- Congo;
- Ghana;
- Ivory Coast;
- Gambia;
- Mali;
- Guinea;
- Kenya;
- Niger;
- Sudan;
- Guinea-Bissau;
- Nigeria;
- Rwanda;
- Sierra Leone;
- Somalia;
- Tanzania;
- Pitani;
- Senegal;
- Uganda.
Nyama zimasinthidwa kukhala m'malo ouma. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhalango za savanna kumwera kwa Sahara ndipo samangokhala kumwera kwenikweni kwa Africa. Nthawi zambiri galago waku Senegal amatha kupezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana komanso malo okhala, omwe ndi osiyana kwambiri ndipo amasiyanasiyana nyengo. Amatha kupezeka m'mitengo ndi nkhalango zowirira, nkhalango zobiriwira nthawi zonse, tchire lotseguka, masamba, zitsamba zamtsinje, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, zigwa zazitali, nkhalango zotentha, nkhalango zowirira, nkhalango zosakanikirana, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, madera omwe ndi ouma kwambiri, nkhalango zamphepete mwa nyanja, nkhalango, zitsamba ndi nkhalango zamapiri. Nyama imapewa malo odyetserako ziweto ndipo imapezeka munkhalango momwe mulibe milalang'amba ina.
Kodi galago waku Senegal amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Galago waku Senegal kunyumba
Nyama izi zimadya usiku komanso odyetsa mitengo. Chakudya chawo chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi ziwala, komanso amadya mbalame zazing'ono, mazira, zipatso, mbewu ndi maluwa. Galago waku Senegal amadyetsa kwambiri tizilombo nthawi yamvula, koma nthawi ya chilala amadyera kokha chingamu chomwe chimachokera mumitengo ina m'nkhalango zodzala ndi mthethe.
Zakudya za anyani amaphatikizapo:
- mbalame;
- mazira;
- tizilombo;
- mbewu, mbewu ndi mtedza;
- zipatso;
- maluwa;
- msuzi kapena zakumwa zina zamasamba.
Kukula kwakadye ka galago waku Senegal sikusiyana ndi mitundu yokha, komanso nyengo, koma ambiri ndi makanda omvera, amadya makamaka mitundu itatu yazakudya mosiyanasiyana ndi kuphatikiza: nyama, zipatso ndi chingamu. Mwa mitundu yomwe idapezeka nthawi yayitali, nyama zakutchire zimadya nyama, makamaka zopanda mafupa (25-70%), zipatso (19-73%), chingamu (10-48%) ndi timadzi tokoma (0-2%) ...
Chosangalatsa: Galago waku Senegal amatanthauza nyama zomwe zimasinthidwa kuti zizinyamula maluwa, ngati njuchi.
Zogulitsa zanyama zomwe amadya zimakhala ndi nyama zopanda mafupa, koma achule amadyedwanso ndi tinthu tina tating'ono, kuphatikiza mazira, anapiye ndi mbalame zazing'ono zazikulu, komanso nyama zazing'ono zomwe zangobadwa kumene. Si zitsamba zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimadya zipatso, ndipo zina zimangodya chingamu (makamaka kuchokera ku mitengo ya mthethe) ndi arthropods, makamaka munthawi yotentha pomwe zipatso sizingakhalepo. Pankhani ya G. senegalensis, chingamu ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Galago waku Senegal
Magalagos aku Senegal ndi okonda kucheza kwambiri, okonda zachilengedwe komanso oyenda usiku. Masana, amagona m'nkhalango zowirira, m'mafoloko a mitengo, m'maenje kapena zisa zakale za mbalame. Nyama nthawi zambiri zimagona m'magulu angapo. Komabe, iwo amakhala maso usiku okha. Galago ya ku Senegal ikasokonezeka masana, imayenda pang'onopang'ono, koma usiku nyama imakhala yotakataka komanso yothamanga, ikudumpha mita 3-5 kulumpha kamodzi.
Pamalo athyathyathya, milalang'amba ya ku Senegal imalumpha ngati ma kangaroo aang'ono, nthawi zambiri amayenda ndikudumpha ndikukwera mitengo. Nyamazi zimagwiritsa ntchito mkodzo kusisita manja ndi mapazi awo, omwe amakhulupirira kuti amawathandiza kugwira nthambi ndipo amathanso kukhala onunkhira. Kuyimba kwawo kumafotokozedwa kuti ndikulira, kulira, kopangidwa nthawi zambiri m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Chosangalatsa: Magalagos aku Senegal amalumikizana ndikumveka ndikulemba njira zawo ndi mkodzo. Pakutha usiku, mamembala a gululo amagwiritsa ntchito mbendera yapadera ndipo amasonkhana pagulu kuti akagone pachisa cha masamba, nthambi kapena dzenje mumtengo.
Mitundu yanyama yanyama imasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 0.005 mpaka 0,5 km², pomwe akazi, monga lamulo, amakhala m'malo ocheperako kuposa amuna anzawo. Mitundu yofananira yakunyumba ilipo pakati pa anthu. Masamba masana ndi 2.1 km usiku uliwonse kwa G. senegalensis ndipo amayambira 1.5 mpaka 2.0 km usiku wa G. zanzibaricus. Kuwala kwa mwezi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale magalimoto ambiri usiku.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Senegalse Galago Cub
Magalagos aku Senegal ndi nyama zamitala. Amuna amapikisana kuti athe kupeza akazi angapo. Kupikisana kwa amuna nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwake. Nyani izi zimaswana kawiri pachaka, kumayambiriro kwa mvula (Novembala) komanso kumapeto kwa mvula (February). Zazikazi zimamanga zisa m'nkhalango zowirira kapena m'mapanga a mitengo kuchokera kuma nthambi ang'onoang'ono ndi masamba, momwe zimabadwiramo ndi kulera ana awo. Ali ndi ana 1-2 pa zinyalala (kawirikawiri 3), ndipo nthawi yobereka ndi masiku 110 - 120. Ana aku galago aku Senegal amabadwa ali ndi maso otseka, osakhoza kuyenda palokha.
Magalasi ang'onoang'ono aku Senegal nthawi zambiri amayamwitsa kwa miyezi itatu ndi theka, ngakhale amatha kudya chakudya chotafuna kumapeto kwa mwezi woyamba. Mayi amasamalira ana ndipo nthawi zambiri amanyamula nawo. Nthawi zambiri makanda amamatira kuubweya wa amayi akamanyamula, kapena amatha kuwavala mkamwa, kuwasiya panthambi zabwino akamadyetsa. Mayiyo amathanso kusiya ana ake osasamalidwa pachisa pamene akupeza chakudya. Udindo wamwamuna posamalira makolo sunalembedwe.
Chosangalatsa: Ana aku Senegal Galago amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake. Zizindikiro zomveka pamikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana ndizofala. Zambiri mwa izi zimamveka mofanana kwambiri ndi kulira kwa ana aumunthu.
Kuyankhulana mwaluso pakusewera, kupsa mtima komanso kudzikongoletsa ndichofunikira pamoyo wa ana aang'ono. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakati pa mayi ndi mwana wake komanso pakati pa okwatirana. Akazi achikulire amagawana gawo lawo ndi ana awo. Amuna amasiya malo a amayi awo atatha msinkhu, koma akazi amakhalabe, ndikupanga magulu okhala ndi akazi ogwirizana kwambiri ndi ana awo osakhwima.
Amuna achikulire amakhala ndi magawo osiyana omwe amakhala ndi magulu azimayi. Mnyamata wamwamuna wamkulu amatha kukhala pachibwenzi ndi akazi onse m'derali. Amuna omwe sanapange madera otere nthawi zina amakhala magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Adani achilengedwe a galago waku Senegal
Chithunzi: galago waku Senegal mwachilengedwe
Kulosera pa galago yaku Senegal kumachitikadi, ngakhale zambiri sizodziwika bwino. Zowonongera zimaphatikizapo zazing'ono, njoka, ndi akadzidzi. Ma Galago amadziwika kuti amathawa adani ndikudumpha nthambi za mitengo. Amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oopsa m'mawu awo kutulutsa mawu apadera ndikuchenjeza abale awo za zoopsa.
Zowononga zomwe galago yaku Senegal ikuphatikizapo:
- mongooses;
- chibadwa;
- mimbulu;
- ziphuphu;
- amphaka amtchire;
- amphaka oweta ndi agalu;
- mbalame zodya nyama (makamaka akadzidzi);
- njoka.
Zochitika zaposachedwa za anyani achizungu zawonetsa kuti anyani achimpanzi (Pan troglodytes) amasaka galago waku Senegal pogwiritsa ntchito nthungo. Munthawi yowonera, zinalembedwa kuti anyani amafunafuna maenje, komwe amatha kupeza malo okhala galago waku Senegal akugona masana. Malo othawirako akapezeka, anyaniwa adatola nthambi ku mtengo wapafupi ndikuthola kumapeto kwake ndi mano awo. Kenako adamenya mwachangu komanso mobwerezabwereza mkati mogona. Kenako adasiya kuzichita ndikuyang'ana kapena kununkhiza kunsonga kwa ndodo kuti apeze magazi. Ngati zomwe amayembekezera zikanatsimikizika, anyani adachotsa galago ndi dzanja kapena adawononga pogona, ndikuchotsa matupi anyani aku Senegal ndikuwadya.
Anyani angapo amadziwika kuti amasaka galago yaku Senegal, kuphatikiza:
- maned mangabey (Lophocebus albigena);
- nyani wabuluu (Cercopithecus mitis);
- chimpanzi (Pan).
Njira yosakira yopezera zitsanzo za galago kuchipinda chawo chogona yakhala ikuyenda bwino kamodzi pakuyesa makumi awiri mphambu ziwiri, koma ndiyothandiza kuposa njira yachizolowezi yothamangitsira nyama ndikuphwanya zigaza zawo pamiyala yapafupi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Galago waku Senegal
Senegal Galago ndi imodzi mwanyani wopambana kwambiri ku Africa yemwe adaphunziridwa kwambiri ku South Africa. Mitunduyi idalembedwa mu Red Book ngati mitundu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chochepa chifukwa ikufalikira ndipo ili ndi anthu ambiri, ndipo pakadali pano palibe zoopseza zamtunduwu (ngakhale anthu ena atha kukhudzidwa ndikuchotsa masamba achilengedwe pazolima).
Mitunduyi yatchulidwa mu CITES Zakumapeto II ndipo imapezeka m'malo angapo otetezedwa, kuphatikiza:
- Tsavo West National Park;
- nat. Tsavo East paki;
- nat. paki ya Kenya;
- nat. Meru Park;
- nat. Kora paki;
- nat. Malo osungira zachilengedwe a Samburu;
- nat. Malo osungira Shaba;
- nat. Malo Otetezera Zinyama ku Buffalo ku Kenya.
Ku Tanzania, anyani amphongo amapezeka ku nkhalango zachilengedwe za Grumeti, Serengeti National Park, m'nyanja ya Lake Manyara, nat. park Tarangire ndi Mikumi. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya milalang'amba imakumana nthawi zambiri. Ku Africa, mitundu 8 ya anyani oyenda usiku imatha kupezeka pamalo ena, kuphatikizapo galago waku Senegal.
Galago waku Senegal amathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tomwe timadyedwa. Atha kuthandizanso pakufalitsa mbewu kudzera kubereketsa kwawo. Monga nyama zomwe zitha kudya, zimakhudza nyama zolusa. Ndipo chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo, maso awo okongola komanso kusadukiza kofanana ndi chidole chofewa, nthawi zambiri amasiyidwa ngati ziweto ku Africa.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 19.07.2019
Idasinthidwa: 25.09.2019 pa 21:38
