Oyimira owoneka bwino kwambiri a arachnids - micromata wobiriwira wobiriwira dzina lake chifukwa cha mtundu wobiriwira woteteza. Mtunduwu umalimbikitsidwa ndi chinthu china chapadera chotchedwa bilan micromatabiline, chomwe chimapezeka mumadzimadzi amtundu ndi hemolymph wa arachnid. Ndiye yekhayo amene akuyimira banja la Sparassidae yemwe angapezeke mdziko lathu. Ndipo mosiyana ndi oimira ena amtunduwu, ndiotetezeka kwa anthu.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: micromata wobiriwira
Gulu la arachnid lidayamba pafupifupi zaka 400 miliyoni zapitazo. Mwa zamoyo zonse zomwe zimakhala padziko lathuli, ma arachnid ndi akale kwambiri. Akangaude amatha kusintha kusintha kosintha kwa chilengedwe ndikusintha mosavuta. Amachulukana mofulumira ndipo amakhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ma arachnids ndi intaneti yomwe amatha kuluka. Akangaude ena amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti ngati msampha, ena amaigwiritsa ntchito kusuntha, kusunga chakudya. Komanso akangaude ambiri amaikira mazira pa ndodo kuti asunge ana awo.
Kanema: Micromata wobiriwira
Micrommata virescens kapena micromata wobiriwira ndi wa mtundu wa Micrommata, banja la Sparassidae, banjali limaphatikizapo mitundu 1090 ya arachnids, yomwe imaphatikizidwa pamitundu 83. Mtundu uwu umatchedwa kangaude wa Huntsman, womwe umamasulira kuti "Hunter". Oimira onse a banjali ndi odziwa kudya komanso othamanga.
Amasaka anzawo popanda kuthandizidwa ndi intaneti, kumenya kapena kuluma wovulalayo. Micromata ndi gulu la kangaude wa nkhanu. Akangaudewa ali ndi dzinali chifukwa chakapangidwe kake ka miyendo, komanso mayendedwe achilendo ngati kuyenda kwa nkhanu. Kangaudeyo amayenda ngati cham’mbali.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba mtundu uwu udafotokozedwa ndi wazachilengedwe waku Sweden Karl Clerk kumbuyo ku 1957. Anapatsa mtundu uwu dzina la Micrommata virescens. Komanso, nkhani yatsatanetsatane idasindikizidwa yokhudzana ndi zamoyozi ku Kosmos-Atlas Spinnentiere Europas ndi katswiri wazambiri komanso wolemba Heiko Bellman.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kangaude micromata wobiriwira
Micrommata virescens ndi akangaude ang'onoang'ono pafupifupi 10 mm kukula, akazi a akangaudewa ndi okulirapo pang'ono, kukula kwake kuli pafupifupi 12-15 mm m'litali. Akangaudewa ali ndi utoto wowoneka bwino wobiriwira, womwe umawathandiza kubisala bwino pakusaka ndikukhala osawoneka konse.
Thupi la kangaude limakhala ndi cephalothorax ndi 8 yamiyendo yamphamvu. Kangaudeyu ali ndi maso asanu ndi atatu pamutu pake, zomwe zimawonetsa mawonekedwe ake. Mzere wofiira umadziwika pamimba mwa amuna, mikwingwirima yambiri yachikaso yolumikizana nawo. Mikwingwirima yofiira kwambiri imatha kuwoneka mbali zamphongo.
Akangaude achichepere amakhalanso ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, koma pafupi ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, mtundu wa akangaude amasintha kukhala wachikasu-bulauni, wokhala ndi madontho ofiira. Micromata ndiye wachibale wamkulu wa tomozides, ndipo amafanana kwambiri ndi iwo m'miyendo yake. Ngakhale kuti awasake.
Miyendo ya kangaude wamtunduwu ndiwamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kangaudeyu ali ndi mapazi awiri akumbuyo, otalikirapo kuposa akumbuyo. Chifukwa cha izi, akangaude amakhala ndi mayendedwe achilendo kwambiri.
Ngakhale akangaude amawoneka owoneka bwino komanso achisomo panja, amathamanga kwambiri. Akangaude amalumpha mmwamba, amatha kuyenda mwachangu modabwitsa paudzu. Ngakhale atapunthwa, kangaude amatha kupachika pa ukonde wake, kenako ndikudumphira pa tsamba lapafupi.
Tsopano mukudziwa ngati micromata ndi yobiriwira kapena ayi. Tiyeni tiwone komwe kangaudeyu amakhala.
Kodi micromata yobiriwira imakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Micromata yobiriwira ku Russia
Malo okhala micromata obiriwira amakhala ochulukirapo. Micromata yobiriwira imapezeka m'nkhalango zotentha ku China, ku Caucasus, kumwera kwa Siberia, komanso ku Far East, ku Yakutia komanso m'chigawo chapakati cha dziko lathu.
Akangaude obiriwirawa amakhala munthawi yaudzu. Amapezeka m'mapiri a dzuwa komanso m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Pamalo otsetsereka a mapiri m'minda, m'tchire ndi minda yamphesa. Komanso micromata yobiriwira imapezekanso paki iliyonse pa udzu komanso m'nkhalango. Akangaude awa, mosiyana ndi abale awo ambiri, amakonda kuwala, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumatha kupezeka m'malo owala bwino.
Izi nyamakazi ndi thermophilic. Kwa anthu, Micrommata virescens ndiotetezeka mwamtheradi, mosiyana ndi nthumwi zina za banja la kangaude wa nthochi, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuopa kuwona kangaude wotereyu atakhala pachomera.
Kwa moyo ndi kusaka, kangaude amasankha masamba obiriwira obiriwira, makutu omwe amakhala. Kangaude amasuntha mofulumira komanso mosavuta komwe amakhala. Ngati kangaude amachita mantha kwambiri, amatha kupita kumalo ena mwachangu, ndikupeza pogona pamenepo. Akangaude amatha kubisalira muudzu, motero nkovuta kuwawona. M'malo mwake, ambiri mwa iwo amakhala pa udzu uliwonse.
Kodi micromata wobiriwira amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Male micromata greenish
Chakudya chachikulu cha micromat ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana:
- Ntchentche za mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
- njoka;
- akangaude akalulu;
- akangaude zochitika zina;
- mphemvu ndi tizilombo tina tating'ono.
Chosangalatsa: Green Micromata imatha kusaka tizilombo kokulirapo kuposa iyo, ndipo izi sizimamupatsa mantha ayi.
Njira yosaka micromat yobiriwira ndiyosangalatsa. Pofuna kuti asadziwike, kangaudeyu amapeza tsamba lobiriwira. Kangaude amakhala papepala mutu wake uli pansi. Amaika miyendo yakutsogolo patsogolo pake, ndipo miyendo yake yakumbuyo imagona mwamphamvu pamwamba pake. Asanasake, kangaude amakonza ulusi wake kuchokera pa intaneti kupita pachomeracho pasadakhale, ndipo tizilombo tikawoneka m'munda wa kangaude, micromata imakankhidwa mwamphamvu ndi miyendo yake yonse ndikutsitsa tsambalo. Popeza adaphwanya kachilombo koyipa kamene kali pansi pake, kangaudeyo amailuma kangapo ndikuikokera kumalo abwino. Pofuna kudya tizilombo tosautsika pambuyo pake.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Pakasaka, kangaude amayesa kuthawa, kangaude amalumpha tsamba, ndikudzipachika ndi wolumikizayo pa ulusi wachitetezo. Pachifukwa ichi, wogwidwa ndi kangaude sangathe kulimbana naye, ndipo zonse zomwe ayenera kuchita ndikufa.
Mfundo yolimba ya kangaude ndikuti, ikawona nyama, imatha kugwera pomwepo. Poterepa, tizilombo timakhala kuti sitikhala ndi nthawi yoti tichitepo kanthu msanga, kangaudeyo amailuma ndikupita nayo kumalo obisika komwe angakadye nyama yake.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kangaude micromata wobiriwira
Micrommata virescens amapita kukasaka masana komanso madzulo. Amadikira modekha nyama yawo m'tchire, ndikuphatikizana nawo paudzu chifukwa cha utoto wawo. Akangaude amtunduwu amapezeka nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Meyi ndi Juni. Nthawi yoswana imabwera mu Ogasiti. Moyo wa micromata umapitirira modekha, ukasaka, ukakhuta, umakhala padzuwa modekha.
Akangaude ali ndi mphamvu zambiri m'chilengedwe. Amayenda mwachangu kwambiri. Kangaude wamtunduwu safuna chakudya, ndipo chifukwa cha mtundu wake wosazolowereka komanso kusasungidwa kosasunthika, nthawi zambiri amalimidwa kunyumba. Akangaude a Micromata amakhala okha. Ndiwo amadya anzawo, ndipo amatha kudya mtundu wawo. Makangaude makamaka amakonda kukhala ndi chotupitsa ndi timatumba tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono. Atadya abale, amakhala ndi njala, ndipo amamva bwino.
Akangaude amtunduwu amaluka ukonde nthawi yokhwima, kuti ayikire mazira pamenepo. Mkazi mmodzi amasamalira ana. Maubwenzi am'banja komanso mayendedwe amtunduwu sizimadziwika. Kangaude amakumana ndi mkazi kokha panthawi yokwatirana, akamaliza umuna, kangaude amachotsedwa kwamuyaya. Akangaude amaswa mwamsanga amadzipezera okha chakudya cha akangaude ena.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Micromata wobiriwira
Monga tanenera kale, micromata yobiriwira imakhala moyo wokha. Amuna ndi akazi amakumana kamodzi kokha kuti akwatirane. Poterepa, yamphongo imazunza mkazi ndikumuluma kwambiri ndi chelicera. Mpaka pomwe madontho a magazi amawonekera pamimba ya mkazi. Mkazi nthawi zonse amayesetsa kuthawa, koma wamwamuna amayang'anira ndikumusaka. Amuna mwamphamvu amakumba m'mimba mwa mkazi, ndikumuyembekezera kuti adekhe, kenako kukwatirana naye.
Njira yokwatirana ndi iyi: yamwamuna imakwera wamkazi, imagwada pansi ndikuyambitsa chikazi chake mwa chachikazi. Kukondana kumatenga maola angapo. Ngakhale kukhazikitsidwa kwa cibilium kumachitika kamodzi kokha. Patapita nthawi atakwerana, kangaude wamkazi wayamba kuluka chikho momwe amaikira mazira.
Kokoyo, yemwe amakhala wamkulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala pamlengalenga pamwamba panthaka. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta akazi timateteza nkhonoyi ndi mazira mpaka kangaude akatuluka. Pambuyo pake, mkaziyo amasiya ana ake. Ana ake safunikiranso thandizo lake. Akangaude samapanga ubale wapadera wabanja. Akangaude achichepere amapeza chakudya chawo pomenyana ndi akangaude ena.
Adani achilengedwe a micromata obiriwira
Chithunzi: Micromata yobiriwira m'chilengedwe
Mitundu ya arthropods ili ndi adani ambiri achilengedwe, koma chifukwa choti ndiabwino kubisala, kuchuluka kwawo sikuli pachiwopsezo.
Adani akulu ndi awa:
- gryllotalpa unispina (chimbalangondo);
- mavu ndi njuchi;
- ziphuphu;
- akangaude ena.
Mdani wamkulu wa micromata ndi chimbalangondo Gryllotalpa unispina. Amalimbana ndi akangaude ofooka ndikuwadya. Medvedka ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa kangaude wamtunduwu ndipo amakonda kudya nawo. Centipedes, nalimata ndi ma hedgehogs amawerengedwanso kuti ndi adani achilengedwe amtunduwu. Akangaude osadziwa zambiri ndipo amaphedwa nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri samatha kulimbana ndi nyama yomwe amawafunafuna panthawi yomwe imasaka ndikufa. Kapenanso sangathe kusiyanitsa nyamayo ndikuyiyandikira mopupuluma, ngakhale atadziwa zoopsa zake, akangaude amatha kubisala msanga.
Mavu ndi njuchi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimawerengedwa kuti ndi adani oopsa a akangaude. Mavu samadya kangaude, amagwiritsa ntchito thupi lake pofuna kuteteza ana awo. Mavu amalemetsa akangaude, kuwatengera kokagona ndi kukaikira mazira m'mimba kangaude. Mphutsi zoswedwa zimadya kangaude kuchokera mkati.
Monga tafotokozera kale, ma microcata a Micrommata ndi omwe amadya anzawo. Amatha kuwukira amtundu wawo ndikuwapha. Choopseza chachikulu chimachokera makamaka ku akangaude akulu. Nthawi yokwatirana, akazi nthawi zambiri amafa chifukwa chovulala. Kangaude sizomveka kuti amuphe, komabe, mkazi amatha kufa chifukwa chomuzunza.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Kangaude micromata wobiriwira
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sitikuwona akangaude amtunduwu, palibe chomwe chimawopseza anthu awo. Micromata wobiriwirayo amatha kubisala bwino motero sawoneka pamalo obiriwira. Mtundu uwu umakhala bwino m'minda ndi m'nkhalango mdziko lathu. Imafalikira mwachangu ndipo imatha kusamuka, ngakhale imakonda malo otentha komanso owala. Pakaswana, mkazi amaikira mazira ochuluka kwambiri m'ngalande imodzi, ndipo akangaude ambiri amaswa.
Zachidziwikire, zochita za anthu zimasokoneza kuchuluka kwa mitundu iyi ya nyamakazi. Ndipo zowonadi zamitundu yonse padziko lapansi.
Munthu akudula nkhalango, minda ndi mapaki akuchepa. Zamoyo zomwe zimakhala m'malo obiriwira zimafa zambirimbiri, koma mtundu uwu suli pachiwopsezo chotha. Mtundu uwu wa kangaude ndi wolimba kwambiri. Mwinanso, Micrommata virescens posachedwa izitha kusintha kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe ndikukulitsa malo awo okhala.
Mitundu ya "Micromat greenish" siyatsala pang'ono kutha ndipo safuna chitetezo chapadera. Koma kuti tisateteze kuchuluka kwa mitundu iyi yokha, komanso chilengedwe chonse, chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti nkhalango sizidulidwa ndipo malo obiriwira obiriwira amasungidwa momwe angathere, kuyeretsa makona achilengedwe osakhudzidwa ndi chitukuko.
Kangaude wamtundu wa Micrommata virescens ndiotetezeka kwa anthu ndipo sawukira anthu. Luma micromata wobiriwira zitha kungoteteza, pomwe kulumidwa kwa micromat sikukuyika chiwopsezo china kwa anthu. Simuyenera kuchita mantha ndi akangaude obiriwira obiriwirawa, siowopsa. Ma Micromats amatha kulimidwa m'malo opangira nyumba, ndiwodzichepetsa. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona moyo wamtunduwu wa akangaude. Komabe, tizilomboti timathamanga kwambiri ndipo timathamanga, ndipo kusiya ngakhale pang'ono pachotsekeracho, kangaudeyo amatuluka mu terrarium, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuipeza.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 02.07.2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 25.09.2019 pa 13:31
