Kangaude wamatchi amatchedwa chozizwitsa chachilengedwe, mtundu wapadera wa nyamakazi. Mwa ena oimira mtundu uwu wa tizilombo, amadziwika kuti amatha kulumpha ndipo ndi mwini masomphenya abwino. Ofufuza ambiri amati ali ndi nzeru. Kangaude kangaude Ndi dzina lomwe limagwirizanitsa gulu lonse la tizilombo. Pali mitundu yoposa mazana asanu ndi limodzi ya iwo. Oimira mitundu iyi ndiofala kwambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Ambiri a iwo amakonda maiko ofunda okhala ndi nyengo zotentha.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Kangaude kavalo
Akangaude olumpha ndi nthumwi za arachnids arthropods, zoperekedwa ku dongosolo la akangaude, banja la akangaude olumpha. Akangaude amtundu uwu ndi nthumwi za zomera ndi zinyama zomwe zimapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse. Mmodzi mwa ma subspecies adapezeka mu 1975 ngakhale pamsonkhano wapamwamba wa Everest, pamtunda wopitilira 6500 mita kupitilira nyanja.
Mbiri yakupezeka kwa akangaude ili ndi zaka zopitilira 200 miliyoni. Nthawi yeniyeni ya akangaude sichidziwika chifukwa chakuti zomwe zimapezeka ndi zotsalira za akangaude akale ndizosowa kwambiri, chifukwa thupi lawo limatha msanga. Asayansi adakwanitsa kupeza zofunikira zingapo mu amber. Mbali zina za thupi la oimira akale a arachnids zidapezeka mu utomoni wachisanu. Amawoneka ngati tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, thupi lomwe silidapitirire masentimita 0,5.
Kanema: Kangaude kavalo
Cephalothorax ndi pamimba sizinalekanitsidwe. Akangaude akale anali ndi mchira wopangidwa kuti aziluka maukonde. M'malo mopangira ma katoni, amatulutsa ulusi wandiweyani, womata. Akangaude amawagwiritsa ntchito kukulunga chikuku, kuyika mphanga wawo, kapena zina. Makolo akale a akangaude amakono pafupifupi analibe tiziwalo timene timatulutsa chinsinsi chakupha.
Pali mtundu wina womwe akangaude akale amapezeka ku Gondwana. Kenako anafalikira mofulumira kwambiri pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. Mibadwo yotsatira yamadzi oundana idachepetsa malo okhala akangaude, ndipo ndi mitundu yambiri yazakale zakale zidatha. Akangaude amayamba kusintha msanga, amasintha ndikugawana mitundu.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kangaude wakuda wakuda
Kangaude amasiyanitsidwa ndi maso owoneka bwino, omwe amafunikira kuti musaka bwino. Ziwalo za masomphenya zimayimiriridwa ndi maso kuchuluka kwa zidutswa zisanu ndi zitatu. Adakonzedwa m'mizere itatu. Maso anayi akulu kwambiri ali pamzere woyamba.
Chosangalatsa: Ziwalo zakutsogolo zamasomphenya zimatha kuzungulira mozungulira komanso pansi, komanso mbali zosiyanasiyana. Mothandizidwa ndi maso oyenda ngati awa, akangaude amasiyanitsa mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe amtundu, komanso mitundu.
Mzere wachiwiri wa ziwalo zowonekera umaimiridwa ndi maso awiri ang'onoang'ono. Mzere wachitatu uli ndi maso akulu akulu awiri okhala mbali zonse zam'mutu. Kapangidwe kamawonekedwe kameneka kamakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe zinthu zilili ndi madigiri 360. Mwanjira iyi, mutha kupewa kukumana ndi mdani. Maso amathandiza kuti usaka bwino. Makhalidwe apadera a mawonekedwewa amagonanso chifukwa cha akangaude amatha kuwona chiwalo chilichonse padera ndikuyika chilichonse pachithunzi chimodzi. Diso la maso lilinso ndi kapangidwe kodabwitsa komwe kamakupatsani mwayi wodziwira bwino mtunda wa chinthu chomwe mukufuna, chinthu.
Njira yopumira ilinso ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Imakhalanso ndi mapapu achilendo. Kukula kwa thupi la kavalo sikupitilira kukula kwa ndalama zamakope asanu. Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala mamilimita 5-7. Ma dimorphism amatchulidwa - akazi ali ndi thupi lokulirapo kuposa amuna. Cephalothorax ndi pamimba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi poyambira pang'ono. Mahatchi osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komanso utoto kutengera komwe akukhala. Mitundu ina ingawoneke ngati zinkhanira, nyerere, kapena kachilomboka. Gawo lamutu wamthupi ndilopamwamba kwambiri, limakwezedwa pamwamba pamimba.
Tsopano mukudziwa ngati kangaude wa kavalo ali ndi poizoni kapena ayi. Tiyeni tiwone kumene amakhala.
Kodi kangaude amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Kangaude wamahatchi ku Russia
Akangaude amakhala pafupifupi kulikonse. Amatha kuyenda mu zomera, makoma, nthaka, mitengo, tchire, m'makona obisika amnyumba zosiyanasiyana, ndi zina zambiri. Malo okhalamo amatengera mitundu. Akangaude amahatchi amatha kukhala m'maiko otentha, kumva bwino komanso kukhala omasuka m'mapululu, m'zipululu, ngakhale m'mapiri. Amakonda madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha, amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Malo okhala kavalo wa pac:
- Queensland;
- New Guinea;
- Kumpoto kwa Amerika;
- Zamgululi
- Africa;
- Australia.
Moyo wa kangaude wamalo ndi malo ake ndiosiyana kwambiri pakati pa nthumwi zosiyanasiyana zamtunduwu. Mmodzi wa iwo amakonda kuluka ukonde ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali pamenepo, ena amatha kumanga zisa za silika, zomwe amakonzekeretsa m'makona osiyanasiyana obisika, ndipo enanso amatha kukhala chete padziko lapansi, kapena pamtundu uliwonse wa zomera. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, akangaude alibe ulemu posankha malo okhala. Amapezeka mosavuta ngakhale m'mapiri, kapena m'malo amiyala.
Kodi kangaude wa akavalo amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Kangaude wofiira
Makina owoneka bwino amalola akangaude kupeza chakudya chawo. Pomwe wovulalayo awoneka, kangaude nthawi yomweyo amatembenukira komwe akufuna. Akavalo samangoyang'ana zomwe amadyera, komanso amawunikira mtunda womwe umawalekanitsa molondola momwe angathere. Pambuyo pake, phirilo limapanga kulumpha kwakanthawi ngati wozunzidwayo atha kufika. Pachifukwa ichi, miyendo iwiri yakutsogolo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ndikukonzekera wovulalayo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timaboola tizilomboti timadzitetezera ku chelicerae ndikubaya mkati. Sikuti imangolemetsa kapena kupuwalitsa wovulalayo, komanso imagaya ziwalo zamkati mwa tizilombo tomwe timagwira, ndikuzisandutsa chinthu chimodzi chokhazikika chamadzimadzi. Akavalo amamwa mankhwalawa mosangalala, ndikungotsalira chipolopolo chachitini.
Zomwe zimakhala ngati chakudya cha kangaude wamahatchi:
- akangaude otsika kukula ndi luso;
- ntchentche;
- nsikidzi;
- udzudzu;
- mbozi.
Akangaude amathanso kutenga chakudya chomwe angakhale nacho mothandizidwa ndi ukonde wokoka womwewo. Amwaza mawebusayiti awo panthambi zamitengo, masamba audzu, nthambi za m'tchire. Akangaude ali ndi miyendo yapadera. Ali ndi ma bristles ang'onoang'ono ndi ma marigolds ang'onoang'ono omwe amakulolani kuti musunthire pamtunda uliwonse, kuphatikiza magalasi osalala, osalala.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kangaude kavalo
Akangaude olumpha amawerengedwa kuti ndi ma arthropods okha masana, chifukwa ndimasana pomwe amakhala otanganidwa komanso kusaka. Amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha. Kawirikawiri kangaude izi zimakonda kukhala m'malo otseguka, pomwe kuli dzuwa. Akangaude awa samawopa anthu, amatha kukhazikika pafupi nawo. Powona munthu, kavalo sakufulumira kubisala, kapena kufunafuna pogona. Amamuyang'ana ndi chidwi. Kawirikawiri mtundu uwu wa nyamakazi umatchedwa dongosolo. Izi ndichifukwa choti akupezeka m'malo atsopano, omwe kale sanali anthu, akangaude amachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa.
Osati kokha masomphenya odabwitsa omwe amathandiza akangaudewa kupeza chakudya, komanso ntchito ina yapadera ya thupi - hayidiroliki dongosolo. Uku ndiye kuthekera kwa thupi kusintha kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika m'miyendo, chifukwa kukula ndi kutalika kwa chiwalo chomwe chimatha kusiyanasiyana. Izi zimathandiza kuti nyamakazi zizilumpha mosiyanasiyana. Akangaude nthawi zambiri amapanga kudumpha kwakutali, komwe kumakhala kokulirapo ka 15-20 kukula kwa matupi awo. Komabe, kwa belay, olumphawo amakonza ulusi wolimba pomwe akufuna kudumpha kuchokera.
Pakutha tsikulo, akangaude akuyang'ana malo obisika momwe amapitilira maukonde awo. Malo oterewa amatha kupezeka m'ming'alu ya makoma, pansi pa makungwa a mitengo, pansi pamiyala, ndi zina zambiri. Ngati kunja kunjenjemera, kulibe dzuwa, kumazizira ndipo kumagwa mvula, akangaude amabisala m'malo awo kwakanthawi. M'mawa kunja kukuzizira, amachoka m'malo obisalapo. Akangaude atatha kutentha padzuwa, amapita kukafunafuna chakudya.
Chosangalatsa: Asayansi amaganiza kuti kangaude wamtunduwu ndi tizilombo tolimba mtima, chifukwa zimathawa nthawi zochepa kwambiri. Pofunafuna kuthawa mdani motere, kavaloyo amathawa mwachangu, ndikungotembenukira komwe akupita. Akangaude amatha nyengo yozizira kubisala m'malo awo obisalamo.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Akavalo awiri kangaude
Amuna amasiyana ndi akazi osati kukula kokha, komanso mtundu, makamaka, mtundu wa miyendo iwiri yakutsogolo, komwe kumakhala mikwingwirima. Subpecies iliyonse imadziwika ndi nyengo yake yokhazikika. Komabe, oimira onse akalulu odumpha ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana - kuvina kokometsa kwamphongo. Kuvina uku kumakupatsani mwayi wokopa chidwi cha akazi omwe mumakonda. Pakumavina koteroko, yamphongo imakweza miyendo yake ndikumayamba kugunda pachifuwa ndi iyo. Ngati amuna angapo atenga chidwi cha mkazi m'modzi, yemwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali amatsogolera. Ngati akazi sanathe msinkhu, amuna amakonda kuyembekezera nthawi imeneyi.
Amuna amaluka ukonde wamtundu, pomwe amalumikiza umuna. Kenako amatsitsa zovalazo kulowa mumuna ndipo kenako amasamutsa umunawo m'thupi la mkazi. Asanaikire mazira, yaikaziyo imasankha malo obisalapo ndi kuikuta ndi timatabwa. Awa akhoza kukhala malo pansi pamiyala, makungwa amitengo, m'ming'alu yamakoma, ndi zina zambiri. Malo obisika akapezeka ndikukonzekera, yaikazi imayikira mazira ndikuwasamalira bwino mpaka mwana atabadwa.
Atabadwa, achichepere safuna amayi, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi luso losaka. Mkazi amachotsedwa. Pambuyo pa ma molts ochepa, ana omwe amabadwa amakula msinkhu. Nthawi yayitali ya kangaude m'chilengedwe ndi pafupifupi chaka.
Adani achilengedwe a akangaude
Chithunzi: Kangaude wa akavalo mwachilengedwe
Akangaude ali ndi adani angapo m'malo awo achilengedwe. Ndizo kupulumutsa miyoyo kuti akangaude ambiri amadzibisa okha kunja monga tizilombo tina - nyerere kapena nsikidzi.
Kuopsa kwa akangaude kumayambitsidwa ndi mbalame zomwe zimadya timatumba ting'onoting'ono. Mbalame ya kangaude imawakonda kwambiri. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti ndi akangaude omwe abuluzi kapena achule, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, timakonda kusaka mosangalala. Akangaude amadyelana ngati kulibe zinthu zina pafupi zomwe zitha kukhala nyama. Sikuti ndi zazimayi zokha, zomwe pambuyo pokwatirana zimatha kudya champhongo. Nthawi zambiri akangaude achikulire, okhwima pogonana amaukira nyama zazing'ono.
Nthawi zambiri, akangaude amakoka mavu. Ndi tiziromboti tomwe timaikira mazira kumtunda kapena mkati mwa akangaude. Patapita nthawi, mphutsi zimatuluka m'mazira, omwe pang'onopang'ono amadya nyamakazi kuchokera mkati. Ngati pali mphutsi zambiri, zimayambitsa kufa kwa kangaude.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Kangaude wakuda wakuda
Masiku ano, akangaude akalulu okwanira amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Samawopsezedwa kuti atha, ndipo mtunduwu sufuna kutetezedwa. Ndi gawo limodzi lachilengedwe. Chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwawo sikukuwopsezedwa, amadya tizilombo tambiri, zomwe zimawononga mitundu yambiri yazomera. Nthawi zambiri, kukhazikika kwa akangaude pafupi ndi munthu kumamupulumutsa ku tizilombo, tomwe titha kukhala onyamula matenda opatsirana owopsa. Komanso, m'malo omwe mahatchi amakhala, zokololazo ndizokwera kwambiri chifukwa chakuti tizirombo tomwe timakhala ngati tizilombo timachuluka kangapo.
Palibe mapulogalamu ndi zochitika zapadera zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuteteza kapena kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa tizilombo. Ntchito zidziwitso zikuchitika ndi anthu omwe akalulu amtunduwu sangathe kuwavulaza, ndipo sakuwopseza moyo ndi thanzi. Chifukwa chake, sayenera kuwonongedwa, chifukwa sizowopsa zokha, koma, ndizothandiza.
Kangaude kangaude ndi nthumwi yochititsa chidwi ya nyamakazi, yomwe imawona bwino kwambiri, imatha kudumpha, komanso ili ndi mawonekedwe a kupuma osayimira oimira zomera ndi nyama. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti mtundu wa arachnid siwowopsa kwa anthu. Kukhala naye pafupi ndikothandiza kwa munthu.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 18.06.2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 25.09.2019 pa 13:34
