Mgwirizano wamtundu nyama yokongola komanso yoseketsa. Nyamazi sizipezeka kutchire kokha; posachedwapa zatchuka pakati pa ziweto. Ma Raccoons amabwera kwa anthu molimba mtima, pafupi ndi malo omwe amakhala, amakonda amphaka amabwera pakhonde la nyumba iliyonse. Komabe, ndi olusa ndipo ali ndi chikhalidwe cholowerera kwambiri. Chombo cha raccoon chidadziwika kuti chikhumbo chotsuka chakudya chonse musanagwiritse ntchito.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Raccoon gargle
Ma Raccoons ndi amtundu wa zolusa. Mawu oti "raccoon" m'Chilatini amatanthauza "onga agalu". Pambuyo pokambirana kwakanthawi kwa asayansi, banja la raccoon lidapatsidwa kwa ma raccoon. Akatswiriwo sanakwanitse kumvana chimodzi: raccoon imakhala yofanana ndi agalu, ili pafupi ndi banja la feline ndipo nthawi yomweyo ku banja la weasel. Panali zosankha zingapo zoti amudziwe ku banja la chimbalangondo ndikumutcha "chimbalangondo chotsuka".
Zakale zakale zimasonyeza kuti nyama zamtunduwu zinkawoneka zaka 30 miliyoni zapitazo ku North America. Pambuyo pake inafalikira ku South America. Komabe, pali malingaliro ena akuti ma raccoon adabweretsedwa ku America kuchokera ku Asia, ndipo ndi akale kwambiri ku kontrakitala iyi, koma zowona zenizeni sizinapezeke. Raccoon ndi nyama yapakatikati, yolimba, yolimba pomanga. Ndikumanga komwe amawoneka ngati zimbalangondo. Imazindikirika mosavuta ndi thunzi lakuthwa lokhala ndi mitundu yosiyana ndi mchira wamizeremizere.
Ma Raccoons ndi anzeru kwambiri komanso osangalatsa kuwonera. Luso lawo limapangidwa bwino, komanso zizolowezi za ma raccoon ndizosiyana kwambiri. Ndi chifukwa cha mikhalidwe imeneyi yomwe anthu amawasungira kunyumba, ndipo raccoon samawoneka ngati chilombo.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Ng'ombe yamphongo
Thupi limakhala lozungulira, pang'ono pang'ono. Kutalika kwa raccoon kumasiyana masentimita 40 mpaka 70. Ili ndi miyendo yayifupi yokhotakhota, yonyezimira komanso mchira wautali - mpaka masentimita 50. Kutalika komwe kumafota, kuyimirira ndi miyendo inayi, kumangokhala masentimita 30-35 okha. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kufikira makilogalamu 18, koma ma average amakhala pakati pa 6 mpaka 12 kg. Mphuno ndi yaifupi, yotakata ndi mphuno yakuthwa. Maso ndi akuda kozungulira, pamwamba pambali pali makutu owongoka, ozungulira kumapeto. Nsagwada za ma raccoon ndizochepa, koma zolimba ndi zingwe zazing'ono zowongoka komanso mano ochepa.
Mapazi a raccoon afupikitsidwa poyerekeza ndi agalu, amphaka ndi nkhandwe. Akuyenda, amaika mapazi ake panja ndikugwedeza pang'ono. Ma Raccoon amatha kukwera mitengo chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo, ngakhale mozondoka. Kapangidwe kake ka m'manja ndikosangalatsa: amafanana ndi anthu. Zala zazitali, zogawanika, ndi zikhadabo zazikulu zakumapeto. Mbalameyi imatenga chakudya m'miyendo yake yakutsogolo, imanyamula ndi kukoka, ndipo imatha kuchitsuka kwa nthawi yayitali. Maluso oyendetsa bwino zala zawo amakula kwambiri, amatha kupezeka akuchita izi.
Kanema: Raccoon gargle
Khungu lakuda, limawoneka bwino pamapadi a zala. Chovalacho ndi chamtali, fluffier kumchira kuposa thupi. Mtunduwo ndi wotuwa mpaka wakuda, wakuda kumbuyo ndi mbali kuposa pamimba. Pamimba, ubweya ukhoza kukhala wachikasu, wowala. Mchira umakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yosiyana, imvi, chikasu ndi mdima wakuda. Ubweya wa nyama m'nyengo yozizira umatha kukhala ndi utoto wabulauni. Nkhope ya raccoon ili ndi mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri, imasiyanitsa ndi nyama zina.
Zolemba zakuda mozungulira maso, mphuno zoyera kapena zoyera kupatula kumapeto. Pamwamba pa nsidze ndi masaya pali malaya owala. Icho chimakhala chomwe chimatchedwa chigoba, chomwe chimakhala chokha mu raccoons. Nyamayi imatha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, koma anthu akumpoto ali ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, mpaka 50% polemera. Ili ndiye gawo lokulirapo masentimita atatu thupi lonse.
Kodi garcoon wokhalamo amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Raccoon gargles
Ma Raccoons amasankha malo okhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi mitsinje, mitsinje, nyanja kapena madambo. Amakonda kwambiri nkhalango zowirira kapena zosakanikirana zomwe zili m'malo otsikira. Makoloni amakonza malo awo okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, pansi pa mizu ya mitengo, m'mitengo mwawo, m'mapanga kapena m'malo ena obisika m'nkhalango. Mitengo yovunda, yovunda ndi yodulidwa yokhala ndi zimbudzi ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo, komwe amatha kugona usiku. Kwa iwo, maenje omwe asiya nyama zina kapena nkhokwe yomangidwa ndi anthu nawonso ndiyabwino.
Ma raccoon amapezeka ku North America, komwe amachokera. Amadziwikanso ndi dzina lina ma raccoon aku America. Amakhala m'nkhalango yonse kuyambira kuderali pakati pa America mpaka Canada. Ku South America, amapezeka kokha kumpoto kwa Argentina, kumwera nyengo imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa iwo. Pambuyo pake, adapita nawo kumayiko amakono ku Europe: Germany, France, Spain, Netherlands. Komanso ku Azerbaijan, Caucasus, Lithuania, ndi mayiko onse amphepete mwa nyanja. Zimadziwikanso kuti ma raccoons adayamba mizu kumwera kwa Russia m'mbali mwa Volga.
Ma Raccoons samawopa anthu, koma mosiyana. Amapita kumidzi ndikumizinda, osadandaula kulandira chakudya chilichonse kuchokera kwa munthu kapena kuwononga zinyalala. Ma Raccoons amakhala odekha kwambiri pazinthu zosafunikira ndipo amatha kukhazikika pafupi ndi kanyumba kachilimwe ndipo amatha kutengera gulu la anthu.
Kodi garcoon wama gargon amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Raccoon gargle ku Russia
Pofuna kudzipezera chakudya, ma raccoon amadalira makamaka kununkhiza kwawo, amapangidwa munyama bwino kuposa mphamvu zina. Ndipo raccoon amapeza chakudya chake chonse mwa kununkhiza, nachinunkhizanso, ndipo, ngati amukhutitsa, amapita kukadya.
Pazakudya zawo, ma raccoon amakhala opanda ulemu, amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, ndipo pakalibe choyambirira, amakulitsa njira zawo ndikuyesera zinthu zatsopano. Zonse zimatengera kutalika kwa malo ake. Ngati nyengo yatchulidwa, ndiye kuti ma raccoons amakakamizidwa kuyang'ana mtundu wina wazakudya zomwe zimapezeka munthawi inayake. M'nyengo ya masika kumakhala masamba ochepa ndipo kudakali nthawi yayitali kukolola.
Zakudya zambiri ndi ma macronutrients omwe raccoon amapeza kuchokera kuzakudya zanyama zomwe amapereka:
- tizilombo;
- achule;
- abuluzi;
- mazira a mbalame;
- njoka;
- mbewa zoyipa;
- nsomba.
Atalowa mnyumba ya nkhuku, ma raccoon amatha kugwira nkhuku kapena kankhuku pakhosi. Koma pa nyama zikuluzikulu, monga ma muskrats kapena mbalame zam'madzi, ma raccoon samaukira, koma amatha kumaliza wodwala kapena kudya nyama yomwe yafa payokha. Pakutha kwa chilimwe, chakudya chomera chikuwoneka chochuluka, ndipo raccoon imasinthira kwa icho nthawi yonse yotentha ndi yophukira.
Zakudya zamasamba zimaphatikizaponso magulu angapo akulu:
- zipatso;
- zipatso zosiyanasiyana - maapulo, ranetki, mapeyala, apricots ndi zina zotero;
- bowa;
- ziphuphu;
- mtedza.
Raccoon amatsuka chakudya chonse m'madzi musanadye, ngakhale chikhala choyera kapena chotsukidwa kale. Akatswiri adazindikira kuti ichi ndi chibadwa chogwira nyama zoyandama zomwe zasungidwa m'miyala. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti nthawi yomwe chakudya chimatsukidwa ndichofanana kwambiri ndi chilakolako cha nyama. Izi ndizo zizolowezi zapadera zodyedwa ndi gargle raccoon.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Raccoon gargle
Ma raccoon ndi nyama zakutchire, amasaka ndikudya usiku, ndipo amagona masana. M'madera akumpoto, ma raccoon amasinthidwa kukhala otentha, amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo pakhungu, omwe amakhala gwero la kutentha ndi michere. Hibernation imatha miyezi isanu, koma nthawi zambiri - ndi yayifupi. Nyama zimatha kubisala zonse m'modzi ndi kudzaza phanga limodzi ndi gulu lonse la anthu khumi. Palibe magawano apa. Kugona nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopanda mphamvu, ma raccoon amatha kudzuka tsiku lotentha, koma amagonanso.
Masika, atadzuka kwathunthu, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi njala ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapita kukasaka. Balalikanani ndi kugawa magawo kachiwiri. M'madera akumwera, nyama sizimangobisala, koma zimawonetsa zocheperako. Ma Raccoons ali ndi chikhalidwe chosangalatsa, ndiwochenjera, anzeru, iwowo ali ofunitsitsa kumenya nkhondo, komanso amadziwa kusangalala ndi zida zopangidwa. Nthawi zambiri, mphalapala amatha kupezeka akuchita zinthu zosangalatsa: amatha kupotoza tsamba la udzu m'mphuno mwake kapena kusonkhanitsa kapangidwe kake kuchokera ku udzu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sikugwa.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti ma raccoon ndi olimba kwambiri: amalekerera modekha zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, komanso amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri. Komabe, mukakumana ndi ma raccoons, muyenera kukhala osamala ndikusatalikirana - atha kukhala onyamula matenda owopsa.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Ng'ombe yamphongo
Ma raccoons amakhalabe amodzi, ndipo munthu aliyense wamkulu amalemba gawo lalikulu lokha, pafupifupi kilomita imodzi. Ma raccons oyandikana nawo amatha kulowa mdera la wina, chifukwa cha izi, kunyanyala kumatha kuchitika. M'gawo lawo, samangodziwa komwe kuli chilichonse, komanso amadzipangira okha ngodya zingapo momwe mungapumulire kuti pasakhale aliyense wosokonezeka.
M'nyengo yoti zikwere, zamphongo zimayamba kufunafuna zazikazi. Nthawi zambiri zimangokhala kumayambiriro kwa masika, koma zimatha kukoka mpaka koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Amuna amphongo ndi akazi onse amakumana nawo. Amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa umuna. Patatha milungu isanu ndi inayi chiberekero, anawo amabadwa. Nthawi zambiri, kuyambira ana atatu mpaka asanu ndi mmodzi amabadwa, kawirikawiri palibe mmodzi kapena, mosiyana, ambiri mpaka asanu ndi atatu kapena asanu ndi anayi. Ana a raccoons amatchedwa agalu. Iwo ali akhungu ndi osoĊµa chochita. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, amatsegula maso awo ndikuyamba kuyang'ana padziko lapansi.
Nthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere imakhala mpaka miyezi iwiri. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu kapena inayi, ma raccoon ang'ono ali kale odziyimira pawokha. Amanyamuka kuti akapeze chakudya chawo ndikukhazikika m'gawo lawo. Chaka chimodzi, akazi obadwa kumene azitha kubala ana awo. Mwachilengedwe, kutalika kwa moyo wa munthu aliyense kumakhala zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi. Ziwerengero zenizeni za kutalika kwa ma raccoon okhala m'nyumba za anthu sizinapangidwebe.
Adani achilengedwe amisala yamizeremizere
Achifwamba sadyera kwambiri, choncho ngakhale achikulire ali ndi adani owopsa omwe amatha kuvulaza kapena kupha. Pakati pawo, ambiri ndi omwe amakonda malo omwewo monga ma raccoon. Ndi:
- mimbulu;
- lynx;
- ng'ona;
- martens;
- nkhandwe.
Amatha kusaka ma raccoon, koma nthawi zina samatha kugonjetsa nyama yaying'ono iyi, koma yochenjera komanso yopanda nzeru. Ma Raccoon sangangomenya nawo nkhondo ndikuwopseza, komanso amawathawa mwachangu, akuthamangira pansi, kukwera ndikudumpha mitengo. Kuthamanga kwambiri komwe ma raccoons amatha kuthamanga kumafika 25 km / h. Ana ndi ang'onoang'ono atha kukumana ndi zoopsa zambiri, mwachitsanzo, njoka zazikulu ndi akadzidzi zitha kuwaukira, pomwe zazikulu sizingayerekeze.
Kuphatikiza pa okhala m'nkhalango zowopsa zomwe zimayandikana nawo, ma raccoon ali ndi zoopsa zina zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, maenje akuya okhala ndi makoma ndi maiwe. Mbalamezi sizitha kutuluka padziwe lakuya kapena kukwera khoma loumbika. Ma Raccoon nthawi zambiri amakhala ozunzidwa ndi magalimoto, amagwa pansi pamawilo pamsewu. Amathanso kugwera mumsampha uliwonse, mwachitsanzo, nkhandwe kapena nkhandwe. Ndipo pafupi ndi ulimi, agalu olondera amatha kuwukira ma raccoon.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Baby Raccoon Gargle
Mbalameyi ndi mbadwa ya kumpoto kwa America. Kuchokera pamenepo adasamukira kumpoto kwa South America, ndipo adasamutsidwira ku Europe ndi Asia. Ma Raccoons adakhazikika m'maiko osiyanasiyana - kwinakwake adayamba mizu, ndipo kwina adawonongeka. Monga tawonera ndi zomwe zawonedwa pakugawana ma raccoons: kumpoto kwa kumpoto, komwe kuli nyengo yayitali yachisanu, mtundu uwu sunakhazikike. Koma nkhani zakuwonjezekera kwa anthu ku Krasnodar kapena ku Dagestan zimapezeka pafupipafupi munkhani.
Mwambiri, nyama zamtunduwu sizimayambitsa mafunso kapena nkhawa kuchokera ku World Conservation Union, chifukwa ndizofala kwambiri m'malo okhala okha. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, zomangamanga ndi zokopa alendo m'malo awo sizimasokoneza ma raccoons mwanjira iliyonse. Amasinthasintha bwino pakusintha kwachilengedwe, zochitika za anthropogenic ndipo amalekerera mosavuta matenda owopsa kapena satengeka nawo konse.
Pazaka khumi zapitazi raccoon gargle anatchuka kwambiri ndi ziweto. Komabe, posankha kudzipezera chinyama choterocho, muyenera kukumbukira kuti ndimadzulo ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Pokhala opanda mwayi wosamalira bwino nyamayo ndikupereka chisamaliro chofunikira, ndibwino kuimitsa ntchitoyi.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 02/14/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 16.09.2019 pa 11:55
