Mkango wa Barbary anali nyama yolusa kwambiri yamphaka, yomwe imadziwika kuti Atlas. Mkango waku Cape yekha ndi womwe umatha kupikisana naye. Tsoka ilo, nyama zokongolazi sizingatheke kukumana mwachilengedwe. Adafafanizidwa kotheratu m'zaka za m'ma 20s. Ndiwo okhawo agalu omwe amasinthidwa kukhala kukhala kumapiri. Zochita za anthu zidakhala chifukwa chowonongera.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Mkango wa Barbary anali membala wa zolengedwa zoyamwitsa. Nyamazo zikuyimira dongosolo la nyama zodya nyama, banja la mphalapala, mtundu wa panther ndi mitundu ya mikango. M'nthawi zakale, nyama zinali zofala kwambiri ndipo zimakhala pafupifupi dera lonse la Africa. Oimira amtunduwu adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Karl Linnaeus pofotokoza mikango.
Mwina kholo la mkango wa Barbary linali mkango wa Mosbach. Anali wokulirapo kuposa wotsatira wake. Kutalika kwa thupi kwa mikango ya Mosbakh kunafika mita zopitilira ziwiri ndi theka popanda mchira, kutalika kwake kunalinso pafupifupi theka la mita. Zinachokera ku mtundu uwu wa nyama komwe nyama zodyera mphanga za banja lankhosa zidabwera pafupifupi zaka mazana atatu zikwi zapitazo. Pambuyo pake anafalikira kudera lonse lamakono la Europe.
Ku Roma wakale, zinali nyama zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenya nkhondo, komanso nkhondo zosangalatsa ndi mitundu ina ya adani. Zakale zakale zokumbidwa pansi, zosonyeza achibale akale a adani a Barbary, ali ndi zaka pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi limodzi ndi theka. Anapezeka m'dera la Isernia - ili ndi dera la Italy wamakono.
Zotsalazo zidanenedwa ndi mitundu ya panthera leo fossilis, abale a mkango wa Mosbakh. Pambuyo pake, mikango idakhazikika ku Chukotka, Alaska, komanso North and South America. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa malo, kunabweranso nyama zina zazing'ono - mkango waku America. Idasowa kwathunthu zaka 10,000 zapitazo m'nthawi yomaliza ya ayezi.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Mkango Wotsiriza wa Barbary
Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chilombocho zidali zodabwitsa kwambiri. Unyinji wamwamuna unafikira makilogalamu 150 mpaka 250. Zoyipa zakugonana zimatchulidwa. Unyinji wa akazi sunapitirire makilogalamu 170. Panali anthu omwe, malinga ndi zolemba za akatswiri a zoo, kulemera kwake kunaposa chizindikiro cha makilogalamu mazana atatu.
Mbali yapadera ya mkango wa Barbary ndi mane wonenepa, wautali wamwamuna, womwe sunangokhala mutu wokha, komanso gawo lalikulu la thupi. Zomera zimaphimba mapewa a nyama, misana yawo ngakhale pang'ono pamimba. Mane anali mdima, pafupifupi wakuda. Mosiyana ndi mtundu wa mane, mtundu wonse wa thupi unali wopepuka. Thupi la felines ndilolimba, lolimba, lochepa kwambiri.
Mikango inali ndi mutu waukulu, wopingasa pang'ono. Nyamazo zinali ndi nsagwada zamphamvu komanso zamphamvu. Iwo anali ndi mano khumi ndi atatu, pakati pawo panali zikuluzikulu zazikulu, zowongoka mpaka masentimita 7-8. Lilime lalitali lidakutidwa ndi ziphuphu zazing'ono, chifukwa chake nyama zolusa zimayang'anira ubweya ndikuthawa tizilombo toyamwa magazi. Pamutu pake panali timakutu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono. Mlombowo unali ndi makutu a khungu kumbuyo kwake. Thupi la achinyamata, osakhwima linali ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana. Timadontho tating'ono tinali todziwika kwambiri mwa ana a mikango ang'onoang'ono. Mu mikango yaikazi, iwo adasowa kwathunthu panthawi yomwe ana oyamba kubadwa.
Oimira onse a banja la zilombo zamphongo amadziwika ndi minofu yotukuka kwambiri. Minofu ya khosi ndi yakutsogolo idapangidwa makamaka mu mkango wa Barbary. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu kudafika 2.2 - 3.2 mita. Nyamazo zinali ndi mchira wautali, kukula kwake kunapitilira mita imodzi. Kunsonga kwa mchira kuli burashi lakuda, lakuda bii.
Oimira awa a banja la zilombo zamphongo amadziwika ndi miyendo yochepa, koma yamphamvu kwambiri. Mphamvu yamphamvu yamodzi, nthambi yakumaso idafika makilogalamu 170! Miyendo, makamaka yakutsogolo, inali ndi zikhadabo zazitali kwambiri. Kukula kwawo kunafika masentimita eyiti. Mothandizidwa ndi izi, nyama zolusa zimatha kupha mtunda ngakhale nyama yayikulu kwambiri.
Kodi mkango wa Barbary umakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Malo okhala kukongola kwa Atlas anali kontinenti ya Africa. Ambiri mwa iwo anali okhazikika kumadera akumwera ndi kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Ndiwo okhawo agalu omwe amasinthidwa kukhala mapiri. Nyamazo zidasankha nkhalango, zitsamba, mapiri, zipululu, komanso dera la mapiri a Atlas ngati malo awo.
Nyama zimakonda malo okhala ndi tchire lalitali komanso masamba ena ngati malo okhala. Izi ndizofunikira kuti athe kusaka ndi kupeza chakudya chawo. Mtundu wa chikopacho udalumikizidwa ndi udzu wamtali ndikutheketsa kukhala kosawoneka panthawi yobisalira.
Akatswiri ofufuza zinyama akuti mamane akulu komanso olimba motero amapangidwa kuti ateteze nyama ikamadutsa m'nkhalango zowirira. Zomera zimakhalanso ndi zoteteza, zoteteza nyama ku dzuwa lotentha la ku Africa. Mikango yazimayi ya Atlas yabisa ana awo mu udzu wautali kapena tchire lalitali kuchokera kuzilombo zina.
Chofunikira pamoyo wabwinobwino wa adani a Barbary ndi kupezeka kwa posungira. Amatha kukhala kamtsinje kakang'ono kapena kasupe wamapiri. Pakadali pano, palibe nyama ngakhale imodzi mwachilengedwe yomwe idatsalira mwachilengedwe kapena mu ukapolo. Malo ena osungira nyama ndi malo osungira nyama ali ndi nyama zomwe zidawoloka ndi mikango ya Barbary.
Kodi mkango wa Barbary umadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Mikango ya Atlas, monga oimira ena am'banja la nyama zolusa, anali nyama. Chakudya chachikulu ndi nyama. Wamkulu m'modzi amafunikira pafupifupi makilogalamu 10 a nyama tsiku lililonse. Chifukwa cha mane awo akuda komanso akuda kwambiri, amuna nthawi zambiri samatha kudzibisa osadziwika.
Katundu wodya nyama ya Atlas anali ambiri osungulumwa:
- njati;
- nswala;
- nguluwe zakutchire;
- mbuzi zamapiri;
- Ng'ombe zachiarabu;
- bubala;
- mbidzi;
- nswala.
Pakalibe nyama yayikulu, mikango sinanyoze nyama zing'onozing'ono - mbalame, ma jerboas, nsomba, makoswe. Mikango inali alenje odziwika bwino, odziwika ndi kuwunika kwa mphezi. Pakuthamangitsa, amatha kufikira liwiro la 70-80 km / h. Komabe, zinali zachilendo kwa iwo kuyenda maulendo ataliatali pa liwiro ili. Komanso, nyama zimatha kudumpha mpaka 2.5 mita.
Mikango ya Atlas anali osaka bwino kwambiri. Anasaka nyama zazikulu ngati gulu. M'malo otseguka, makamaka azimayi amatenga nawo mbali pakusaka. Amatha kusaka nyama yawo kwakanthawi, amakhala mobisalira ndikudikirira nthawi yoyenera. Amuna amatha kukopa nyama kuti idikire. Adawukira ndikulumpha mwamphamvu, ndikuluma mano awo m'khosi mwa wovulalayo.
Ngati nyamazo zimayenera kupeza chakudya kumapiri, amuna amathanso kutenga nawo mbali posaka, popeza mdera lomweli ndizosavuta kuzizindikira. Ziweto zazing'ono sizinkafuna kusaka pamodzi, mikango yake imasaka m'modzi m'modzi. Akadya, mikango imakonda kupita pachitsime chothirirapo madzi. Nyama zimatha kumwa madzi okwana malita 20-30 nthawi imodzi.
Mikango ya Atlas imadziwika kuti ndi odyetsa ena, chifukwa sanaphe anthu osungulumwa chifukwa chongofuna kusangalala. Zinali zachilendo nyama kusaka kuti azidzidyetsa okha. Zinyama zimatha kusiya zotsalira za nyama zazikulu zomwe sizinadyedwe m'malo osungidwa. Mikango inkasamala kwambiri chakudya kuchokera kwa nyama zina zing'onozing'ono.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Mikango ya Barbary sinkafuna kupanga kunyada kwakukulu. Pamutu pa kunyada kulikonse anali mkango wodziwa bwino komanso wanzeru. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kusaka m'modzi, kapena amapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu 3-5. Ana a mikango amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri, kenako adadzipatula ndikukhala moyo wosadalira anzawo. Maguluwa anali azimayi omwe amakhala ndi ubale wapabanja wina ndi mnzake. Nthawi zambiri, amuna ndi akazi amakumana mdera limodzi nthawi yokwatirana ndi cholinga chobereka.
Gulu lirilonse la nyama, kapena mkango umodzi wokha unkakhala m'dera linalake, lomwe linali lotetezedwa mosamala kwa alendo. Nthawi zambiri, amuna amateteza ufulu wawo wokhala m'dera linalake, nthawi yomweyo akuchita nawo ndewu, kapena kuwopsezana ndi kubangula kwakukulu. Ankhondo aamuna omwe anabadwira mu kunyada amakhalabe kosatha. Omwe amagonana amuna ndi akazi, omwe sanafike nthawi yakutha msinkhu, adagawana ndi azimayi akuluakulu kusamalira ana, kuwaphunzitsa kusaka.
Amuna amasiya atha msinkhu ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wodziyimira pawokha, osalumikizidwa kawirikawiri ndi mikango ina ya msinkhu womwewo. Ntchito yawo inali kubereka. Nthawi zambiri ankachita nawo nkhondo zowopsa zodzikuza. Pambuyo pa chigonjetso, wamwamuna watsopano, wamphamvu komanso wocheperako adawononga ana onse a mtsogoleri wakale kuti apange ake.
Amuna amakonda kudziwika malo awo mwa kupopera mkodzo. Akazi anali osayimira machitidwe amenewo. Mikango ya Atlas, monga oimira amphaka ena odyetsa, anali othandiza kwambiri polumikizana. Mikango, itakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, idaphunzira kupalasa ndikumveka mosiyanasiyana.
Mwa akazi, kuthekera uku kudadziwonetsera pambuyo pake. Amagwiritsanso ntchito kulumikizana mwachindunji komanso kukhudza kulumikizana. Mwachitsanzo, ankakondana popatsana moni. Amuna nthawi zambiri amawonetsa nkhanza kwa amuna anzawo polimbana ndi ufulu wolowa m'banja, komanso ufulu wokhala m'dera linalake. Mikango inali yololera kwambiri mikango yaikazi.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Zinali zachizolowezi kuti mikango ya Barbary ilowe muukwati ndikupereka ana nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ukwati unali m'nyengo yamvula. Amkadzi aakazi adakula msinkhu patatha miyezi 24 kuchokera pomwe adabadwa, koma ana sanapatsidwe miyezi yopitilira 48. Amuna amatha msinkhu patadutsa nthawi yayitali kuposa akazi. Mkango wamwamuna aliyense wokhwima pogonana amatha kubereka mwana mmodzi mpaka asanu ndi mmodzi. Komabe, nthawi zambiri osapitirira atatu adabadwa. Mimba imachitika zaka 3-7 zilizonse.
Mikango ya Atlas inali mitala. Pambuyo paukwati, mimba inayamba. Zinatha pafupifupi miyezi itatu ndi theka. Asanabadwe, mkango waukazi unachoka m'dera lonyada lake ndikupuma pantchito yabata, yabata, yomwe ili makamaka m'nkhalango zowirira. Ana obadwa adakutidwa ndi mawanga akuda ndikulemera makilogalamu 3-5. Kutalika kwa thupi la mwana wamkango pakubadwa kudafika masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Ana amabadwa akhungu. Anayamba kuwona patatha masiku 7-10, ndipo amangoyenda pambuyo pa masabata 2-3. Mkati mwa milungu yoyambirira yamoyo, mkango waukazi unkakhala pafupi ndi ana obadwa kumene.
Iye ankawabisa mosamala, kuwateteza kwa adani ena omwe akanatha kuwononga. Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, mkango waukazi uja unabwerera kunyada ndi ana ake. Pambuyo pa miyezi 3-4 kuchokera pakubadwa, anawo amapatsidwa chakudya cha nyama. Patatha mwezi umodzi, amatha kuwona momwe mikango yayikulu ikusaka ndikupeza chakudya chawo. Kuyambira wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, zisanu ndi ziwiri zakubadwa, ana a mkango akhala akuchita nawo kusaka kale. Komabe, mkaka wa m'mawere unali muzakudya mpaka chaka chimodzi. Pafupifupi zaka zakubadwa za mdani wa Barbary mwachilengedwe zinali zaka 15-18.
Adani achilengedwe a mikango ya Barbary
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Kukhala m'chilengedwe, mikango ya Barbary idalibe mdani. Palibe mdani wina amene adasokoneza moyo wa mikango, popeza anali ndi mwayi wokula, mphamvu ndi mphamvu. Otsalira okha anali ng'ona, zomwe zimatha kumenya mikango ikamwetsa madzi. Komanso, amphaka achichepere olusa anali nyama yosavuta kwa ena, zolusa zazing'ono - afisi, nkhandwe.
Panali zifukwa zambiri zakuchepa kwamphamvu kwa mikango ya Atlas:
- Imfa ya ana a mkango pakusintha kwamphongo yayikulu;
- Matenda ndi helminths zomwe zimakhudza mikango mukamadya nyama yaiwisi;
- Kukhazikitsidwa kwa madera akuluakulu;
- Kupha;
- Sinthani zomera ndi zinyama, kusowa kwa chakudya;
- Malinga ndi ziwerengero, theka la ana a mikango adamwalira mchaka choyamba chamoyo;
- Lero, mdani wamkulu wa mitundu yambiri ya nyama ndi munthu ndi zochita zake.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Barbary Lion
Lero, mkango wa Barbary amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu womwe wasowa kwathunthu padziko lapansi chifukwa cha zochitika za anthu. Woyimira womaliza wamtunduwu adaphedwa ndi anthu opha nyama mosayenera mu 1922 ku Atlas Mountains. Kwa kanthawi panali malingaliro akuti pali anthu angapo m'malo amalo osungidwa. Komabe, mtundu uwu sunatsimikizidwe.
Mikango yapezeka m'malo osungira nyama, omwe mosakayikira amafanana ndi nyama zolusa za Atlas, koma sizoyimira mtunduwo. Mkango wa Barbary anasowa chifukwa cha zochita za anthu. Zinyama zochulukirapo zatsala pang'ono kutha, kapena zawonongedwa kale. Mitundu ya nyama zomwe zatsirizika sizidzakhalanso zotheka kuyambiranso.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 12.02.2019
Tsiku losintha: 09/16/2019 ku 14:34
