Chonunkha, yomwe imatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa, imadziwika kwa pafupifupi aliyense kuyambira ali mwana. Ndi kachilombo kofala kamene kamakhala m'maiko ambiri komwe kuli kotentha. Chifukwa cha fungo lakuthwa, losasangalatsa limatchedwa "kununkha" moyenera. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimatchedwa kachilombo ka m'munda. Komabe, mitundu ina ya nsikidzi imatulutsanso chinsinsi chapadera pakawopsa, chifukwa chake amatchedwanso nsikidzi zonunkha.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Chonunkha
Nkhungu yonunkha ndi mitundu yambiri ya oimira banja la Pentatomidae. Ndizochokera ku nsikidzi zambiri, zimakhala zonunkhira bwino. Fungo ili sikununkha chabe. Ichi ndi chisonyezo chapadera chazomwe zikuchitika mtunda, njira yolumikizirana wina ndi mnzake, njira yodzitetezera ku ngozi komanso njira yopulumukira m'malo ovuta. Tizilombo timagwira ntchito yofunikira.
Nkhuku zonyansa ndizodyera zamasamba. Amakonda kudya msuzi wazomera zosiyanasiyana. Kokha pokha pokha pamene kachilomboka kamapha ndi kudya tizilombo tina. Mwachitsanzo, pamavuto pomwe kulibe chakudya choyenera. Ntchito ina yofunika yachinsinsi chosasangalatsa ndi kukopa bwenzi lokhalira nalo banja. Chifukwa chake, kachilomboka kamawonetsa kukonzeka kwake kuberekana, zimawopseza tizilombo tina tomwe tili pafupi.
Kanema: Chonunkha
Fungo losasangalatsa lomwe nyama imatha kufananizira ndi fungo la zipatso zovunda, rasipiberi wovunda. Chifukwa cha nkhanza, munthu amatha kuweruza kuchuluka kwa tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, ndikutolera kwakukulu kwa nsikidzi, imodzi mwamafuta onunkha, fungo losasangalatsa lidzakhalapo mnyumbamo. Ndizovuta kuti musamuzindikire.
Kuphatikiza pa nsikidzi, nsikidzi, palinso mitundu ina ya zonunkha:
- cholimba;
- Imvi;
- chobiriwira;
- birch;
- analamulira.
Mwa nthumwi zonse, nsikidzi zam'munda ndi zamitengo zimakhala zonunkhira kwambiri. Zotupitsa zake zimatulutsa kamadzimadzi kovuta, kosalekeza.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: cholakwika cha kachilomboka
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza zambiri za izo. Mitunduyi imasiyana kukula, mtundu wa thupi. Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa kachilomboka ndi kachilombo ka mtengo. Amatulutsanso fungo lonunkhira kwambiri. Chingwe cha mtengowo ndi chobiriwira mopepuka. Wamkulu amatha kufikira mamilimita khumi ndi asanu m'litali. M'ngululu ndi nthawi yophukira, kachilomboka kamasintha mtundu kukhala wakuda.
Chimbalangondo chimakhala ndi thupi lozungulira lokhala ndi zotuluka zazing'ono m'mbali. Kapangidwe ka thupi kameneka ndi kaimidwe ka nthumwi zonse za dongosolo la nsikidzi. Chivundikiro chakunja cha thupi ndi chitinous. Pali mapiko kumapeto kwa chikumbu. Mapikowo nthawi zambiri amakhala abulauni. Chivundikiro chokoma cha kachilomboka kamakhala chitetezo chake chachikulu poteteza tizilombo tina. Ndiwovuta kwambiri.
Achinyamata a stinkers amasiyana pang'ono ndi achikulire. Amaswa kuchokera m'mazira okhala ndi chigoba chowulungika chobiriwira. Kusiyana kokha ndi uku: kukula kocheperako kwa munthuyo komanso kusowa kwa mapiko. Mapiko a kachilomboka amapezeka pokhapokha munthu atatha msinkhu. Mpaka msinkhu, kachilombo kakang'ono kamakhala ndi nthawi yokhetsa chipolopolo chake kasanu. Izi ndichifukwa choti zimadzaza pakapita nthawi. Kuponya kumaima pokhapokha kachilomboka kasiya kukula.
Kodi kachilombo konunkha kamakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Chonunkha m'nyumba
Chonunkha ndi kachilombo komwe kamapezeka paliponse. Kwafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Kafadalawa amapezeka ambiri ku Asia, Europe, Russia, Africa, Australia, North ndi South America. Mitundu ina ya anthu imapezeka ngakhale ku Alaska ndi Chukotka. Kwenikweni, mitundu yakummwera ya kafadala amakhala kumeneko.
Nsikidzi si tizilombo tothamanga kwambiri. Komabe, amakonda nyengo yotentha kwambiri. M'mikhalidwe yotereyi, nyama zimamva bwino. Malo oberekera, malo okhala zimadalira mtundu wa nsikidzi. Anthu ena amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi anthu. Amakhala m'nyumba komanso m'nyumba. Amasankha ming'alu, malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, masofa, mabedi anyumba yawo.
Mwachilengedwe, nsikidzi zimakhazikika m'maenje a mitengo, zisa za mbalame ndi maenje a nyama zosiyanasiyana. Mumzindawu, tizilombo timasankha masamba akugwa, mchenga, cellars, cellars komwe kuli chinyezi chokwanira chokhala. M'mayiko ambiri, nsikidzi zobiriwira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Ndi chithandizo chawo, uchidakwa umathandizidwa bwino. Matupi a tizilombo masiku angapo amaumirira kuwala kwa mwezi, pang'ono ndi pang'ono amapatsa munthu amene amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa. Chinsinsi chodabwitsa ichi chaloledwa kangapo kuti athetse vutoli.
Kodi kachilombo konunkha kamadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Chonunkha kunyumba
Gulu losiyana la nsikidzi ndi la tizirombo toyambitsa matenda. Amakonda kudya magazi okhaokha. Nthawi yomweyo, onse amakonda magazi a nyama ndi magazi a anthu. Oyimira odziwika kwambiri a "okhetsa magazi" ndi nsikidzi. Amakhala m'nyumba, m'nyumba. Usiku amaluma anthu, akudya magazi awo. Komabe, gululi ndi laling'ono kwambiri.
Mitundu yambiri ya tiziromboti ndi yonunkha komanso yodya nyama. Zitsamba zobiriwira zimadya utoto wa zomera zosiyanasiyana. Zambiri mwazo zimapweteketsa anthu - zimawononga malo olimapo. M'malo mwake, nyama zolusa zimapindulitsa kwambiri. Amawononga mphutsi za kafadala, amadya mbozi, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi tizilombo tina tambiri tambiri.
Mtundu wa chakudya chomera umadalira mtundu wa cholakwika:
- kamba woyipa amadyetsa mbewu zambewu zokha. Njuchi zotere zimadya phala, tirigu, chimanga;
- analamulira bratworms amakonda kudya kaloti, parsley, katsabola;
- Chimbudzicho chimadyetsa radish, kabichi, kugwiririra, ndi mitundu ina yazomera zomwezo;
- Tizilombo ta mabulosi timadya currants, gooseberries, raspberries.
Nsikidzi zimakhala ndi chimbudzi chakunja. Mitundu yambiri yamadyedwe samadya nthawi yomweyo. Choyamba amawapha, kenako amadikirira kuwonongeka. Pokhapokha atayamba kuyamwa zakudya zawo.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Chonunkha
Bulu lonunkha ndi la dongosolo la hemiptera. Amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa tiziwalo timene timatulutsa cephalothorax, yomwe, nthawi zina, imatulutsa madzi onunkhira. Chikhalidwe cha nyama izi ndi chamtendere. Pali gulu limodzi lokha la nyama zomwe zimasaka ndi kudya tizilombo tina. Pankhaniyi, madzi onunkhira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida. Zimakhudza nyama. Nthawi zina zimatha kubweretsa kufa kwa tizilombo tating'ono.
Nthawi zina, madzi onunkhirawo amangogwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza, kulumikizana komanso kulumikizana bwino pansi. Imawopseza adani, imakupatsani mwayi wokopa anzawo kuti aswane. Komanso, pofuna kuwateteza, kafadala kamagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osalala a thupi, mtundu wa chivundikirocho. Amaloŵa mosavuta m'ming'alu ing'onoing'ono, yobisala pakati pa zomera zobiriwira ndi masamba.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ndi moyo wabwino. M'nyengo yotentha, kafadala amakhala pofunafuna chakudya kapena mnzake wokwatirana. Amakhala m'minda, nyumba, zipinda zonyowa, nkhalango, minda yamasamba. Nthiti zonunkha zili ndi mapiko, koma sizimakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenda. Mapikowo amakhala ndi chikhatho chaching'ono. Amangothandiza kachilomboka kukwera pamwamba pang'ono. Nkhuku zimayenera kupeza chakudya, kufunafuna malo ogona mothandizidwa ndi zolimba.
Pakayamba nyengo yozizira yoyamba, kachilomboka kamayamba kufunafuna malo abwino obisalapo. Kachilombo koyipa nthawi zambiri kamasankha masamba akugwa pa izi. Amabowola kwambiri ndikulowa m'malo otentha asanayambe kutentha.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
M'magulu a nsikidzi, olimba nthawi zonse amakhala patsogolo. Mpikisano umawonekera makamaka munthawi yoswana. Amuna panthawiyi amakhala achiwawa. Amatha kuukira amuna ena ngakhale oimira tizilombo tina. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amaphedwa ndi mphemvu. Palibe nyengo yokhazikika yolumikizira nyamazi. Amatha kuswana pafupifupi chaka chonse.
Kuti akwatirane, amangofunikira kukwaniritsa zofunikira ziwiri:
- kutentha kwa mpweya. Kwa iwo, uku ndikutentha kochokera madigiri makumi awiri mpaka makumi atatu pamwamba pa ziro;
- komwe kuli magetsi. Pa mtundu uliwonse wa kachilombo, ndi kosiyana. Wina amafuna zipatso, wina amafunikira mbewu zambewu.
Stinkbugs okhwima ali ndi zaka 1.5 miyezi. Kwa iwo, njira yopweteketsa yoberekera ndiyomwe amakhala nayo. Amalowerera ndi maliseche mkati mwa mimba ya mkazi, pamenepo amasiya mbewu yawo. Kuphatikiza apo, chachikazi chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mbeuzo chifukwa cha nzeru zake. Nthawi zambiri, zazikazi zimaikira mazira m'magawo ang'onoang'ono momwe zingafunikire. Mbewu zotsalazo zitha kukhala mthupi la mkazi nthawi yayitali.
Njira yoika mazira ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu cha chitetezo cha ntchentche zonunkha ngakhale nthawi yakusowa chakudya. Komabe, kwakukulu, chonde cha kachilomboka kakang'ono. Akazi amaikira mazira 20 mpaka 200. Mazira achitsamba onunkha ali ndi "chivindikiro" chapadera. Pakanthawi, kapu iyi imatseguka ndipo mbozi yoyamba imatuluka dzira.
Adani achilengedwe a cholakwika
Chithunzi: Bug bug
Mdani wamkulu wa stinkers ndi ma telenomines. Amawononga mazira. Ntchentche ya phasia imapwetekanso chimodzimodzi. Tizilomboto tiwononga tsogolo la nsikidzi. Amayikira ana awo molunjika m'mazira a nsikidzi. Mphutsi zomwe zikubuka zimadya zotsalira za minofu yakuthupi. Nkhunda zimakondanso kudya nsikidzi. Amadya mphutsi komanso akuluakulu. Komanso, tozi wobiriwira amatha kutchedwa mdani wa kununkha. Amphibians amakonda kudya osati zokhazokha zamadzi, komanso mitundu ina ya ziphuphu.
Adani achilengedwe a nsikidzi ndi mbalame. Iwo samadyedwa ndi mbalame za m'nkhalango zokha, komanso zoweta. Mwachitsanzo, nkhuku. Nkhuku nthawi zambiri zimamasulidwa kuti ziziyenda m'munda, m'munda kuti ziwononge tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri, tizirombo timagwidwa ndi mbewa zazing'onoting'ono monga mbewa, komanso amphaka ndi agalu. Omaliza amatha kusewera nawo kwa nthawi yayitali asanadye kachilomboka.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Chonunkha
Nsikidzi zonunkha nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati tizirombo. Oimira ambiri amitundu yawo amadya zipatso, zimawononga zomera ndi mbewu. Mochuluka, mitundu ina ya zonunkha imavulaza kwambiri ulimi. Gulu lochepa chabe la nsikidzi ndi lomwe limapindulitsa - limadya mbozi, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi tizirombo tina tambiri.
Mpaka pano, mitundu ya tiziromboti siyomwe ili pangozi, siyikupezeka mu Red Book. Kafadala amapezeka ponseponse padziko lapansi, kuchuluka kwawo kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kwabwinobwino, m'maiko ena mopitirira muyeso. Pafupifupi chaka chilichonse, mayiko angapo amayenera kulimbana ndi kuwukira kwa tiziromboti.
Kwenikweni, pazinthu izi, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zachilengedwe zolimbana kapena kuwonongeka kwakuthupi. Mwachitsanzo, alimi ena amatenga kachilomboka ndi manja kenako n’kuwaotcha. Ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, njira zosiyanasiyana zodzitetezera zikuchitikira mwachangu m'maiko otere.
Chonunkha - tizilombo totsutsana kwambiri. Kumbali ina, mitundu ina ya nsikidzi imathandiza munthu polimbana ndi tizirombo, komano, mamembala am'maguluwo amawononga kwambiri malo olima. Chodziwika bwino cha kachilomboka kobiriwira ndi fungo lowala, lakuthwa, mawonekedwe apadera.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 10.02.2019
Tsiku losintha: 17.09.2019 nthawi 20:54
