Haddock ndi membala wodziwika m'banja la cod, wopezeka kumpoto kwa Atlantic. Chifukwa chakufunidwa kwakukulu, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa anthu kwawonedwa posachedwa. Kodi nsombayo imawoneka bwanji ndipo "imakhala bwanji?"
Kufotokozera kwa haddock
Haddock ndi nsomba yaying'ono kuposa cod... Kutalika kwa thupi lake ndi masentimita 38 mpaka 69. Kukula kwakukulu kwa wogwidwa anali 1 mita 10 masentimita. Kulemera kwakuthupi kwa nsomba zokhwima kumakhala pakati pa 0,9 mpaka 1.8 kilogalamu, kutengera jenda, zaka komanso malo okhala.
Nsagwada yakumunsi ya haddock ndi yayifupi kwambiri kuposa chibwano chapamwamba; ilibe mano a palatine. Mtundu uwu uli ndi zipsepse zitatu zakuthambo ndi zipsepse ziwiri zamkati. Zipsepse zonse ndizosiyana. Gawo loyambirira la anal fin ndi lalifupi, lochepera theka la mtunda woyambira. Mtundu wa nsombayi ndi yoyera.
Maonekedwe
Haddock nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi cod. Nsomba ya haddock ili ndi kamwa yaying'ono, mphuno yowongoka, thupi lowonda komanso mchira wa concave. Ndi nyama yodya nyama yambiri, yomwe imadyetsa makamaka nsomba ndi nyama zopanda mafupa. Haddock ndi ofanana ndi cod yokhala ndi zipsepse ziwiri zamkati, chibwano chimodzi ndi zipsepse zitatu zakuthambo. Mphero yoyamba ya haddock ndiyokwera kwambiri kuposa ya cod. Thupi lake lili ndi mawanga akuda, m'mbali mwake muli mizere yopepuka. Mphepete mwa mchira wa haddock ndichowoneka bwino kuposa cha cod; zipsepse zakuthambo kwachiwiri ndi chachitatu ndizowoneka bwino.
Ndizosangalatsa!Haddock ali ndi mutu wofiirira-kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo, mbali zaimvi zasiliva zokhala ndi mzere wakuda wakuda. Mimbayo ndi yoyera. Haddock imadziwika mosavuta pakati pa nsomba zina chifukwa chakuda kwake kumtunda kwa pectoral fin (yemwenso amadziwika kuti "chala cha mdierekezi"). Mawanga akuda amatha kuwona mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi. Haddock ndi cod ndizofanana.
Haddock ili ndi kamwa yaying'ono, mphuno yakuthwa, thupi lowonda komanso mchira wa concave. Maonekedwe apansi a chifunga cha haddock ndi owongoka, ozunguliridwa pang'ono, mkamwa mwake ndi wocheperako kuposa wa cod. Mphuno ndi yoboola pakati. Thupi limakhala lathyathyathya kuchokera mbali, nsagwada zakumtunda zimatuluka pamwamba pake.
Pamwamba pake pamakhala masikelo abwino komanso ntchofu zambiri. Pamwamba pamutu pake, kumbuyo, ndi mbali mpaka kumapeto kwa mzere wofiirira. Mimba, kumunsi kwammbali ndi kumutu ndi zoyera. Zipsepse zakuthambo, zam'mimba, zam'mimba ndi zotuwa; zipsepse za kumatako ndi zotumbululuka, mbali yakumunsi ya mbaliyo ili ndi mawanga akuda pansi; m'mimba choyera ndi mzere wakuda wokhala ndi madontho.
Moyo, machitidwe
Haddock amakhala m'malo ozama kwambiri am'madzi, omwe amakhala pansi pa malo osungiramo cod. Nthawi zambiri amabwera kumadzi osaya. Haddock ndi nsomba yamadzi ozizira, ngakhale sakonda kutentha kozizira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kulibiretu ku Newfoundland, ku Gulf of St. Lawrence komanso kudera la Nova Scotia panthawi yomwe kutentha kwamadzi m'malo awa kumakhudza kwambiri.
Nsomba za Haddock nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pansi pa 40 mpaka 133 metres, ndikusunthira kutali ndi gombe mtunda wofanana pafupifupi 300 mita. Akuluakulu amakonda madzi akuya, pomwe achinyamata amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi pamwamba. Koposa zonse nsomba iyi imakonda kutentha kuchokera 2 mpaka 10 madigiri Celsius. Mwambiri, haddock amakhala m'madzi ozizira, amchere pang'ono mbali yaku America ya Atlantic.
Kodi haddock amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji
Ma doko achichepere amakhala m'madzi osaya pafupi ndi gombe mpaka atakhala akuluakulu komanso olimba kuti athe kupulumuka m'madzi akuya. Haddock amakula msinkhu wazaka zapakati pa 1 ndi 4. Amuna amakula msanga kuposa akazi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Haddock amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka zoposa 10 kuthengo. Ndi nsomba yanthawi yayitali yokhala ndi moyo wazaka pafupifupi 14.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Haddock amakhala mbali zonse ziwiri za North Atlantic. Kugawidwa kwake kumakhala kambiri pagombe laku America. Mtunduwu umayambira kuchokera kugombe lakum'mawa kwa Nova Scotia mpaka Cape Cod. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimasamukira kumwera kupita ku New York ndi New Jersey, ndipo zimawonanso kuzama kwakumwera kwa kumpoto kwa Cape Hatteras. Kumbali yakumwera, timagulu tating'onoting'ono timapangidwa m'mbali mwa Gulf of St. Lawrence; komanso m'mbali mwa North Shore pakamwa pa St. Lawrence. Haddock sichipezeka m'madzi achisanu m'mbali mwa gombe lakunja la Labrador, komwe kumakhala nsomba zambiri zapachaka zomwe zimapezeka chaka chilichonse chilimwe.
Zakudya za Haddock
Nsomba za Haddock zimadyetsa makamaka zazing'ono zopanda mafupa... Ngakhale oimira akuluakulu amtunduwu nthawi zina amatha kudya nsomba zina. M'miyezi yoyambirira yakukhala kumtunda kwa pelagic, haddock mwachangu amadya pa plankton yoyandama m'madzi. Atakula, amakula pang'ono ndikukhala olusa enieni, amadya kwambiri mitundu yonse ya nyama zopanda mafupa.
Mndandanda wathunthu wazinyama zomwe zimadyetsa haddock mosakayikira mudzakhala pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya nyama zomwe zimakhalamo. Menyu imaphatikizapo ma crustaceans apakatikati ndi akulu. Monga nkhanu, nkhanu, ndi amphipods, bivalves mosiyanasiyana, nyongolotsi, starfish, urchins zam'madzi, nyenyezi zosalimba, ndi nkhaka zam'madzi. Haddock amatha kusaka nyama yam'madzi. Mpata ukapezeka, nsomba iyi imasaka hering'i, mwachitsanzo m'madzi aku Norway. Pafupi ndi Cape Breton, haddock imadya ma eel achichepere.
Kubereka ndi ana
Nsomba za Haddock zimakula msinkhu wazaka 4. Kwenikweni, chiwerengerochi chimakhudza kusasitsa kwa amuna; akazi, monga lamulo, amafunikira nthawi yochulukirapo. Amuna a haddock amakonda kukhala pansi pa nyanja, ndipo akazi amakhala mwamtendere m'madzi osaya. Kubzala nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'madzi am'nyanja 50 mpaka 150 mita, pakati pa Januware ndi Juni, mpaka kufika pachimake kumapeto kwa Marichi komanso koyambirira kwa Epulo.
Ndizosangalatsa!Malo ofunikira kwambiri obisalira ali m'madzi apakati pa Norway, pafupi ndi gawo lakumwera chakumadzulo kwa Iceland ndi Jorge Bank. Nthawi zambiri mkazi amaikira mazira pafupifupi 850,000 pakaswana.
Oimira zazikuluzikulu zamtunduwu amatha kupanga mazira mamiliyoni atatu mchaka chimodzi. Mazira achonde amayandama m'madzi, amanyamulidwa ndi mafunde apanyanja, mpaka nsomba zomwe zangobadwa kumene zibadwa. Omwe aswedwa kumene amakhala miyezi ingapo yoyambirira ya moyo wawo pafupi ndi madzi.
Pambuyo pake, amapita pansi pa nyanja, komwe amakhala moyo wawo wonse. Nyengo ya mating ya Haddock imachitika m'madzi osaya nthawi yonse yachilimwe. Kubzala kumatenga kuyambira Januware mpaka Juni ndipo kumafika pachimake kuyambira Marichi mpaka Epulo.
Adani achilengedwe
Haddock amasambira m'magulu akulu. Titha kunena kuti "wothamanga", chifukwa chimayenda mwachangu kwambiri pakafunika kubisalira mwadzidzidzi adani. Zowona, addock amasambira kokha maulendo ataliatali. Ngakhale kuyendetsa bwino kotere, haddock akadali ndi adani, awa ndi ma prickly catfish, stingray, cod, halibut, khwangwala wam'madzi ndi zisindikizo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Haddock ndi nsomba yamadzi amchere yamtundu wa cod... Amapezeka mbali zonse za North Atlantic. Nsomba iyi ndi cholengedwa chapansi chomwe chimakhala kunyanja. Ili m'gulu la nsomba zofunika kuchita malonda, chifukwa lakhala likupezeka m'zakudya za anthu kwazaka zambiri. Kufunika kwakukulu kwa izi kwadzetsa chiwongolero chosalamulirika cha haddock mzaka zapitazi ndikuchepa kwakukulu kwa anthu.
Chifukwa cha kuyeserera ndi malamulo okhwima osodza, anthu omwe adadock adachira pazaka zingapo zapitazi, komabe ali pachiwopsezo. Georgia Haddock Association 2017 ikuyerekeza kuti nsombayi siyidaphedwa kwambiri.
Mtengo wamalonda
Haddock ndi nsomba yofunika kwambiri. Ndizofunikira kwambiri pachuma. Imodzi mwa nsomba zotchuka kwambiri ku Britain. Zogulitsa zamalonda ku North America zatsika kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, koma tsopano zikuyamba kutulutsa nthunzi. Haddock imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chakudya. Ndi nsomba yodziwika kwambiri yomwe imagulitsidwa mwatsopano, mazira, kusuta, kuyanika kapena zamzitini. Poyamba, haddock inali yosafunikira kwenikweni kuposa cod chifukwa cha zinthu zochepa zopindulitsa. Komabe, kukula kwa malonda a nsomba kwapangitsa kuti ogula avomereze malonda ake.
Udindo wofunikira kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo kunaseweredwa ndikukula kwa kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kutanthauza kuwoneka kwa filleting ndikuyika haddock yatsopano komanso yachisanu. Izi zidachita chinyengo, kufunikira komanso kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa nsomba. Pokhudzana ndi kugwira haddock, nyambo yachilengedwe ndiyothandiza kwambiri.... Nkhono ndi nkhono zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokopa. Njira ina ndi hering'i, squid, whiting, sand eel, kapena mackerel. Zolemba zopangira monga ma teya ndi ma jig zimakonda kugwira ntchito, koma sizothandiza kwenikweni.
Ndizosangalatsa!Nsombazi nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa zambiri. Popeza ali mbali yocheperako, maphunziro, ndi kuya komwe kumafunikira kulimba, amapereka ntchito yosavuta yosodza. Chovuta chokha ndikuyesera kuti asang'ambe pakamwa pawo pakhomopo.
Chowonadi chakuti haddock imakonda zigawo zamadzi zakuya chikusonyeza kuti ndiwokhalamo (inde, poyerekeza ndi cod). Chifukwa cha malo okhala mozama, haddock nthawi zambiri imagwidwa ndi anglers pamabwato.
Kuti mukulitse mwayi wokumana ndi nsomba zodabwitsa izi, muyenera kupita chakumpoto chakum'mawa kwa England komanso kumpoto ndi kumadzulo kwa Scotland. Komabe, mitundu ina monga cod kapena blue whiting ikhoza kukhala yofala kwambiri m'malo amenewa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti oyendetsa njuchi amayenera kuyika angapo mwa nsombazi mudengu lisanakhazikitsidwe ndowe.
