Goblin shark, kapena scapanorinh (Mitsukurina owstoni) ndi nyanja yakuya kwambiri, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mitzecurina kapena goblin shark. Woimira mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena goblin shark (Mitsukurina), lero ndiye yekhayo amene watsala wa banja la Scapanorhynchid shark (Mitsukurinidae).
Kufotokozera za brownie shark
Mtundu wa brownie shark umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa.... Chosemphacho chimathera pakamera kakang'ono kooneka ngati kamlomo, ndipo nsagwada zazitali zimatha kufikira patali. Mtunduwo ndiwachilendo kwambiri, pafupi ndi pinki, womwe umafotokozedwa ndimitsempha yamagazi yambiri, yomwe imawoneka bwino kudzera pakhungu losunthika.
Ndizosangalatsa! Choyimira chachikulu kwambiri chodziwika bwino cha goblin shark chinali ndi kutalika kwa 3.8 mita ndikulemera kwa 210 kg.
Maonekedwe
Kutalika kwapakati pa wamkulu wa brownie shark kumasiyana pakati pa 2.4-3.7 m, ndi ya mkazi - pamlingo wa 3.1-3.5 m. Brownie shark ili ndi thupi loboola ngati thumba lopindika lokhala ndi zipsepse. Zipsepse za kumatako ndi m'chiuno zimapangidwa bwino ndipo ndizazikulu kuposa zakuthambo. Lobe wapamwamba wa mphalapala wa heterocercal fin amakula bwino ndipo amawoneka ngati akukumbutsa mchira wa nkhandwe.
Zipsepsezo ndi za mtundu wabuluu, lobe wapansi kulibiretu. Shark Pacific shark, malinga ndi asayansi ena omwe amaphunzira za nsomba zakuya zam'madzi zakuya, amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso kokulirapo.
Brownie shark amadziwika ndi kusapezeka kwa chikope chachitatu, chotsatira cha carinae m'chigawo cha caudal peduncle ndi notch precaudal. Mano akutsogolo mwa oimira mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena nyumba za sharki ndizitali komanso zakuthwa, okhala ndi m'mbali mosalala. Mano akumbuyo kwa nsombazi amasinthidwa bwino kuti athyole zipolopolo mwachangu ndikulumata nyama. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osakhala ofanana, nyama yayikulu yam'madzi yotereyi imatchedwa goblin shark.
Pansi pa mphuno ya chilombocho, molunjika pachibwano chapamwamba, pali mphuno zochepa, komanso utoto wowala pang'ono. Osati kukula kwakukulu, maso a ma scapanorhynchians kapena nyumba za shark amatha kuwala kwambiri mumdima wam'madzi ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino. Komabe, malo achilendowa poyang'ana kaye ndi obadwa kwambiri m'nyanja zam'madzi zamakono. Malo am'mimba mwa goblin shark ndi opepuka pinki, ndipo kumbuyo kwake kulibe mitundu yakuda yakuda.
Ndizosangalatsa! Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi anthu amoyo okha omwe ali ndi mtundu wa pinki, ndipo atamwalira brownie shark amapeza mtundu wabuluu wamba.
Chiwindi ndi chachikulu kwambiri, chimafika kotala la thupi lonse. Pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya nsombazi, chiwindi cha brownie shark chimakhala cholowa m'malo mwa chikhodzodzo chosambira. Ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri pachiwindi ndikusunga michere yonse ya nsombazi.
Chifukwa cha gawo ili la chiwindi, nsomba zazikulu zimatha kukhala opanda chakudya kwanthawi yayitali. Pali milandu pomwe oimira mtundu wina wa Scapanorhynchus kapena goblin shark sanadye milungu ingapo. Komabe, kusakanikirana kwakukulu kwa michere m'thupi la chiwindi kumatha kukhala ndi vuto pakakhala nsombazi.
Moyo, machitidwe
Masiku ano, moyo wamtundu wa brownie shark umaphunziridwa molakwika kwambiri. M'nthawi ya Soviet, asodzi a goblin amapatsidwa dzina loti "goblin shark" kapena chipembere, chifukwa tanthauzo la liwu latsopanoli "goblin" silinkadziwika komanso linali losamveka kwa anthu aku Soviet. Atafufuza mwachangu mokwanira mawonekedwe am'madzi mwa nsombazi, asayansi adazindikira kuti ndi shaki weniweni yemwe amatsogolera moyo wakunyanja. Umboni wa lingaliro ili unali mafupa a cartilaginous, komanso mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kathupi, kamene kamasiyira otsetsereka.
Ndizosangalatsa! Zakale, oimira mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena nyumba za shark sadziwika, koma ali ndi mawonekedwe akunja ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mitundu ina ya nsombazi zakale.
Kutentha kwamadzi kwam'nyanja pang'onopang'ono kudadzetsa kusintha kwakapangidwe kazomwe zimayambira m'madzi, kuphatikiza oimira mitundu yomwe ili ngati mtundu wa Lam komanso banja la Scapanorhynchid. Makhalidwe a goblin shark akuya kwambiri anasintha kwambiri ndipo nsomba pang'onopang'ono zinayamba kuyenda m'madzi osaya. Zimavomerezedwa kuti nyama yayikulu yam'madzi imakhala m'gulu lanyama zomwe zimakhala zokha zomwe sizimakonda kupanga masukulu kapena kupanga ziphuphu zambiri, mosasamala kanthu komwe kumakhala.
Kodi scapanorinh amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji
Mpaka pano, chifukwa chakusowa chidziwitso, akatswiri azachipatala sanathe kukhazikitsa moyo wamba wa scapanorhynchus.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, goblin shark yakuya kwambiri inagwidwa kale mu 1897... Munthu wamkulu anagwidwa pafupi ndi gombe la Japan. Wokhalamo m'madzi amakonda nyama zosachepera 200-250 mita, ndipo atha kupezeka m'madzi ofunda kapena ofunda am'nyanja. Komabe, pakadali pano kujambulidwa komwe kumadziwika ndikudziwika mwalamulo sikuposa mamita 1300.
Gawo lalikulu la asodzi a goblin adagwidwa pafupi ndi gombe la Japan, mdera lomwe lili pakati pa Bosoruen Peninsula ndi Tosa Bay yayikulu. Komanso, nthumwi zambiri za mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena nyumba za shaki ndizofala kwambiri pagombe la Australia, pafupi ndi New Zealand ndi Republic of South Africa, ku French Guiana ndi Bay of Biscay, pafupi ndi gombe la Portugal ndi Madeira, komanso m'madzi a Gulf of Mexico.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ponseponse, mpaka pano, sayansi imadziwa mitundu 45 yokha ya shark yozama kwambiri monga scapanorinch, yomwe idagwidwa kapena kutsukidwa kumtunda.
Pakadali pano, pamaziko osakwanira zambiri za kugwidwa kwa mitundu ina ya asodzi a goblin, komanso zopezeka zingapo zomwe zikuyimiridwa ndi mitembo ya chilombo chakuya cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja, zitha kutsutsidwa kuti kuthekera kwakuti zikhalidwe zamadzi am'nyanja zonse, kupatula, mwina, madzi akumpoto Nyanja ya Arctic, oyimira mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus ndi abwino kukhalamo.
Zakudya za brownie shark
Shark ya m'nyanja yakuya imasaka nyama yake potambasula nsagwada zake zopangidwa bwino komanso zamphamvu, komanso kutengera madzi mkamwa mwake limodzi ndi nyama yake. Mphukira yapadera mdera la nyama zam'madzi izi imadziwika ndikupezeka kwamitundu yambiri yamagetsi yomwe imathandiza nsombazo kupeza nyama mosavuta ngakhale mumdima wakuya.
Sizingatheke lero kudziwa molondola zakudya zoyambirira za brownie shark. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zomwe zili m'mimba mwa zitsanzo zomwe zagwidwa sizinasungidwe. Nthawi zambiri, m'mimba mwa nsombazi mumakhuthulika mukakumana ndi kutsikira kwakanthawi pomwe nsomba imakwezedwa mozama. Chifukwa chake, asayansi adatha kudzidziwitsa okha ndi makoma oyera oyera am'mimba.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mphamvu yakununkhira ndiyovuta kwambiri mu goblin shark, ndipo maso ofooka satenga gawo lalikulu pakusaka nyama.
Komabe, kutengera kafukufuku wamapangidwe azida zamankhwala oimira mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena goblin shark, asayansi adakwanitsabe kupeza malingaliro oyamba. Malinga ndi malingaliro awa, nsomba zakuya zam'madzi zakuya zitha kudya nyama zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi - kuyambira zooplankton mpaka nsomba zazikulu. Zowonjezera, nyama yayikulu yam'madzi samapewa kudya mitundu yonse ya nyama zopanda mafupa komanso nyama yonyansa, squid, octopus ndi cuttlefish. Ndi mano ake akuthwa chakutsogolo, chilombocho mwaluso chimagwira nyama, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi mano ake akumbuyo imaziluma.
Kubereka ndi ana
Mpaka pano, sizikudziwika kuti anthu onse omwe adagwidwa kapena kutsukidwa kumtunda anali amuna. Pakadali pano, palibe chomwe chimadziwika pazodziwika bwino za kubereketsa kwa zolengedwa zambiri zakuya zam'madzi, zomwe zimayimira oyimira onse odabwitsa komanso achinsinsi a mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena shark house.
Malinga ndi asayansi ena omwe akuphunzira mozama za goblin shark, akazi achikulire a nsomba zowoneka bwino kwambiri zam'nyanjazi ayenera kukhala akulu kwambiri kuposa amuna achikulire, okhwima ogonana. Zowonjezera, kutalika kwa akazi kumakhala pafupifupi mita zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwakukulu kwamphongo sikuyenera kupitirira mita imodzi ndi theka. Amaganiziridwa kuti shark-sea goblin shark ali mgulu la nsomba zowononga ovoviviparous.
Adani achilengedwe
Zowonjezera, nthumwi za mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena goblin shark alibe mdani aliyense wachilengedwe yemwe angakhudze kwambiri chiwonongeko chodabwitsa chamadzi. Mwazina, palibe chifukwa chokambirana zamtengo wapatali za goblin shark.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Shaki yopanda pake
- Whale shark
- Nyama yakutchire ya shark
- Nsomba za silika
Komabe, nsagwada za nzika zachilendo zam'madzi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa otolera akunja ndi akunja, chifukwa chake, zikugulitsidwa pamtengo wabwino kwambiri. Kudziwa kosakwanira komanso kulephera kudziwa bwinobwino kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali mu shark shark omwe alipo masiku ano adaloleza asayansi kuti apange chisankho cholowa mu International Red Book ngati mtundu wosowa komanso wosaphunzira bwino.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Makhalidwe a biology ndi machitidwe a brownie shark sakumveka bwino pakadali pano. Pachifukwa ichi sizikudziwika pakadali pano kuti mitundu iyi ndi yochuluka bwanji, komanso momwe imakhalira komanso kuti ili pangozi.
Komabe, International Union for Conservation of Nature yazindikira mitundu yayikulu komanso yayikulu kwambiri yazowopseza zomwe, mwamaganizidwe chabe, brownie shark zitha kuwululidwa. Zinthu zoyipa kwambiri zomwe zingakhudze anthu omwe akuyimira mtundu wa Scapanorhynchus kapena nyumba za nsombazi zimaphatikizapo kuwedza chandamale komanso kuwononga chilengedwe, komanso kugwidwa kwa anthu ngati nsomba wamba.
