Serval, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Shrub Cat (Leptailurus serval), ndi nyama yodya nyama ya banja la Felidae komanso mtundu wa Serval. Ntchito zokometsera zanyumba zimayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi okonda zomera zosowa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo komanso omasuka, mwamtendere.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Amphaka amtunduwu adayamba kuwonekera m'malo aku Africa... Zinali m'dera la kontinentiyi, padzuwa lotentha, pomwe poyamba anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito anali omasuka. Masiku ano, pali kuchepa kwachangu pagulu la amphaka amtchire.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha izi ndi anthu osaka nyama omwe amayesedwa ndi ubweya wapamwamba wanyamayo komanso kufunika kwa ziweto zakunja.
Pakadali pano, mitundu khumi ndi inayi yamtchire yamtchire imadziwika ndipo imaphunziridwa bwino, yomwe imasiyana mosiyanasiyana pamtundu wa malayawo. Posachedwa, obereketsa komanso okonda zosowa zonse adakwanitsa kutsimikizira kuti amphaka amtunduwu amatha kuweta bwino. Zotsatira zake, panali amphaka am'nyumba zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa Serval omwe anali ndi chidziwitso choyambirira chakunja.
Kufotokozera kwamaseva
Atumiki ndi amphaka apakatikati ocheperako komanso amiyendo yayitali. Kutalika kwakutali kwa nyama yayikulu kumasiyanasiyana pakati pa 90-135 cm, ndi kutalika kwa phewa masentimita 40-65. Kulemera kwa serval wamkulu kumakhala pafupifupi 8-18 kg. Atumiki ali ndi miyendo yayitali kwambiri ndi makutu akulu, kusiyanitsa nyama ndi nthumwi zonse za banja la Feline. Mutu wa nyama yotereyi ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, ndipo mchira ndi waufupi - mkati mwa 30-45 cm.
Malinga ndi maumboni angapo amtundu, ma servic amawerengedwa kuti ndi abale apamtima a mphaka ndi nyama yonyama, koma mtundu wa mphaka wamtchirewu umafanana kwambiri ndi malaya a nyalugwe. Chovalacho chimafotokozedwa pamtundu wachikasu ndikupezeka kwamadontho akuda ndi mikwingwirima. Chigawo cha chifuwa ndi mimba, komanso pakamwa pa chilombo cha ku Africa, ndi choyera. Mbali yakunja yamakutu ndi yakuda ndimadontho oyera kapena achikaso.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kudera lamapiri ku Kenya, mutha kupeza anthu akuda (melanists), omwe onse ndi theka la anthu, ndipo ma servic oyera okhala ndi malo otuwa ndi siliva amadziwika okha mu ukapolo.
Pali kusiyanasiyana kwamtundu wamtundu wa serval. Amphaka amtchire omwe amakhala mdera lamapiri ochepa kapena opondaponda amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mawanga akulu mumtundu, womwe uli pachikuto choyera. Zoyang'anira nkhalango amadziwika ndi mtundu wakuda, squat komanso mabala ang'onoang'ono. M'mbuyomu, amphaka amtchire oterewa anali osiyana ndi mitundu ina, yotchedwa "serval amphaka" kapena ma servalines.
Miyezo ya ziweto
Zizindikiro zakuthupi zamatumbo zokhazikitsidwa ndi miyezo lero:
- kutalika kwa nyama kufota ndi masentimita 40-55;
- kutalika kwa nyama yayikulu ndi 70-100 cm, kupatula mchira;
- miyendo yaitali ndi makutu;
- thupi lopindidwa mofanana;
- mafupa oyenera bwino
- kulemera mkati mwa 12-18 kg;
- mutu wawung'ono;
- makutu otalikirana komanso otambalala, otuluka ngati mphamba;
- mlatho wa mphuno ndi mphuno ndi wotakata;
- mphuno imakhala yakuda kwambiri;
- maso ali ngati maamondi, owala;
- mchira ndi waufupi komanso wakuda, kutalika kwa 25-40 cm.
Ogwira ntchito zapakhomo ndi zimphona zenizeni poyerekeza ndi amphaka wamba... Mtundu wofananira wamthupi umayimilidwa ndi chikasu chachikaso ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi mawanga. Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, cholimba komanso chosalala.
Zofunika! Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti miyezo ya mtundu wamtundu wakunyumba sinakhazikitsidwe bwino, chifukwa chake, poyesa mawonekedwe, m'pofunika kuyang'ana pa zikhalidwe ndi zodziwika.
Chikhalidwe cha mphaka
Serval amatha kukhala bwino ndi mwini wake, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chokhala bata ndi nyama yotere komanso kucheza nawo. Zadziwika kuti oimira mtunduwu mwachangu amakhala okonda kusewera komanso okonda banja lonse. Odyetsa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti agule serval akadali aang'ono kwambiri, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti azolowere msanga zochitika zanyumba.
Mtunduwu ndiwodziwika pakutsatira, uli ndi malingaliro abwino pamaphunziro ndi maphunziro, komanso wodziwika ndi luntha komanso kuyankha molondola kwa ena. Kukula kwa serval sikuli ngati mawu amphaka wamba, komanso ngati kulira kwa mbalame. Nyama yachilendo yotere imakonda kusewera ndi zidole zofewa ndikupachika zingwe kapena mawaya, chifukwa chake, mukamasunga mphaka wakuthengo kunyumba, muyenera kutsatira njira zachitetezo.
Malinga ndi eni ake, ma servicer alibe malingaliro ngati ouma ndi achinyengo, ndipo mizu yaku Africa idapatsa nyamayo luso ndi luso labwino. Komabe, servals ndi ziweto zokhulupirika komanso zachikondi zomwe zimakonda kupikisana ndikusewera ndi kupusa pobweretsa mpira woponyedwa. Nyama yowetedwa imagwirizana bwino ndi mitundu ya agalu yosachita zankhanza, komanso ndiyabwino kwa mtundu wake.
Utali wamoyo
Nthawi yayitali yamphaka wamtchire mwachilengedwe imasiyanasiyana kuyambira zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri, pomwe nyama yachilendo yoweta, yosamalidwa bwino, imatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi makumi awiri.
Kukonzekera kwazinyumba kunyumba
Ogwira ntchito zapakhomo amakhala omasuka kwambiri akakhala m'nyumba.... M'nyumba, nyama yayikulu komanso yosunthika kwambiri imatha kukhala yopanikiza komanso yosasangalatsa. Kuyenda panja, ndibwino kuti mugule leash ndi kolala kapena zingwe zapadera.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Chinyama sichimafuna kwenikweni kuti chisamalire. Mphaka wamkulu komanso wogwira ntchito ayenera kupatsidwa malo osiyana ndi malo ake omwe amalola kuti chiweto chizipumula ndikumva kuti ndi zotetezeka. Kuyenda kuyenera kumachitika pafupipafupi komanso kutalika kokwanira kukwaniritsa zochitika zachilengedwe za mphaka woweta.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ntchito zantchito zanthawi zonse zimaphatikizapo kukayezetsa pafupipafupi ndi veterinarian, komanso katemera wa prophylactic wokonzedwa ndi katswiri.
Musanayende, muyenera kuteteza chovala cha nyama ku ectoparasites okhala ndi njira zapadera. Atumiki amakonda kusambira, chifukwa chake njira zamadzi zimawasangalatsa kwambiri. Komabe, kusamba nyama yotere sikuvomerezeka nthawi zambiri. Mwa zina, ogwira ntchito amazolowera kuti azidzipulumutsa m'bokosi lazinyalala.
Zakudya za Serval
Zakudya zopangidwa ndi antchito zimayenera kukhala nyama. Kumalo otchire, mphaka wamtchire ameneyu amasaka mbalame ndi makoswe, amatha kudya tizilombo, komanso zokwawa. Zoyenera kudya nyama zoweta ziyenera kuperekedwa:
- nyama;
- kuphwanya;
- mafupa;
- masamba osaphika kapena owiritsa;
- mazira zinziri.
Ogwira ntchito zoweta ali ndi chibadwa chosaka, motero nthawi zina makoswe kapena mbewa zimatha kupatsidwa chiweto chotere. Zakudya za nyama zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi michere komanso mavitamini. Kudyetsa nyama kumachitika malinga ndi nthawi yake, m'mawa ndi madzulo. Atumiki amafuna madzi, chifukwa chake amafunika kukhala ndi 24/7 mwayi wamadzimadzi. Akatswiri odziwa zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti azikonzekera masiku otchedwa "njala" kwa chiweto kangapo pamwezi.
Zofunika! Amphaka amafunika kuyamwa kuyambira mphaka ali ndi zaka ziwiri ndikudyetsedwa kuchokera ku botolo la mkaka maola angapo, zomwe zingalole kuti chiweto chikule osati cholusa, koma chosinthika pagulu.
Matenda ndi zofooka za mtundu
Ogwira ntchito zapakhomo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo.... Zinyama zotere zimakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, komanso sichikhala ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kwa nthumwi za banja la Feline. Mwa zina, nyama zakunja zaku Africa sizikhala ndi matenda obadwa nawo.
Komabe, malo okhala anthu ambiri amakhala ndi zofunikira zingapo, chifukwa chake, mutangogula chiweto, ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze ndi veterinarian. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti katemera wa serval sayenera kukhala ndi ma virus, ndipo njira zosankhidwa bwino za katemera zitha kupha nyama yachilendo.
Amphaka ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mafupa osakwanira, kotero kugwa kulikonse kuchokera kutalika kapena kudumpha kosachita bwino nthawi zambiri kumatha ndikuphwanya kwakukulu.
Gulani Serval
Ogwira ntchito "oyera" okha, omwe adabadwira mu ukapolo ndikuleredwa ngati chiweto, amatha kusungidwa kunyumba. Malo odyetserako bwino omwe amagulitsa ntchito zapakhomo ndi Lunicorne, Savanah Premium, Savannah Golden Star, VipLeo ndi Amphaka Achifumu.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Nyama yogulidwa iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zingapo:
- malaya oyera opanda mawanga kapena ectoparasites;
- malayawo ndi ofanana, mtundu wa mtundu;
- maso oyera ndi makutu oyera popanda kutuluka kwamatenda;
- Mphuno yoyera yamitundu yosasintha popanda purulent kapena mucous discharge;
- miyendo yaitali ndi makutu ndi ngayaye khalidwe;
- mafupa otukuka bwino;
- kufanana kolondola ndi mamangidwe okongola.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kugula mphaka ali ndi miyezi iwiri kapena isanu. Nyamayo iyenera kukhala yothamanga komanso yogwira ntchito, yokhala ndi njala yabwino, yopanda zizindikiritso za helminthic kapena kudzimbidwa.
Mtengo wamphaka wamphongo
Mtengo wa serval pakadali pano umadalira pazinthu zambiri... Monga lamulo, mtengo wa mphaka umakhazikitsidwa ndi woweta pawokha, poganizira mtengo wamsika wadzikoli. Lero, ku Russia, mtengo wa serval yaying'ono ndi pafupifupi 400-450 zikwi za ruble. Makatoni ena apakhomo ndi akunja, omwe amakhazikika mu serval, amagulitsa mphaka pamtengo wa 8.5-9.0 dollars dollars kapena kupitilira apo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mtengo wamphaka woswana ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa nyama zomwe zimayenera kusungidwa ngati chiweto chosawidwa kapena chosalowerera.
Ndemanga za eni
Ma Serv ndi okhawo nkhalango zakutchire zomwe zimatha kusamalidwa bwino ndikukhala achikondi, achifundo komanso okhulupirika, koma malinga ndi malamulo akuleredwa. Nyama yochezeka ndiyotetezeka kwathunthu komanso yamtendere, nthawi zambiri imakhala yanzeru komanso yanzeru kuposa mitundu ina ya amphaka ndi agalu, komanso mosavuta komanso mosachedwa imakumana ndi anthu.
Pamodzi ndi amphaka ena, amisili mwachangu komanso mosalekeza amalemba gawo lawo mosatengera kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi. Fungo lachinsinsi chobisidwa ndi serval silimakokoloka bwino ndipo ndilolimba mokwanira, chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti ndikofunikira kutulutsa kapena kutulutsa nyamayo ili ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu.
Ogwira ntchito zapakhomo nthawi zambiri amakhala azizindikiro zapamwamba komanso kutchuka kwa eni ake. Nyama yotere ndi imodzi mwazosangalatsa komanso zowopsa kwambiri, zoweta zoyambirira, zosowa komanso zachilendo. Chifukwa cha kufanana kwapadera kwa zizolowezi ndi zizolowezi, ma servic nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi agalu oweta, zomwe zidapangitsa mtundu uwu kukhala wotchuka kwambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, kuphatikiza dziko lathu.
