Anostomus wamba, kapena Anostom (Аnоstоmus аnоstоmus) ndiwomwe amapezeka m'banja la Anostomidae ndipo ndi m'modzi mwa nsomba zodziwika bwino m'banjali. M'dziko lathu, ma anostomus oyamba adawonekera zaka zopitilira theka zapitazo, koma posakhalitsa adamwalira.
Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe
Anostomus vulgaris amadziwikanso kuti Striped headstander... Oyimira onse amtunduwu ndi Anostomovs, kapena Narrowstomes, amadziwika ndi pichesi lotumbululuka kapena utoto wapinki wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yayitali yakuda m'mbali. Ma Abramu amakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yopanda malire yamitundu yofiirira. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa aquarium wamkulu kumakhala, monga lamulo, osapitirira masentimita 12-15, ndipo mwachilengedwe nsomba zotere nthawi zambiri zimakula mpaka 20-22 cm.
Ndizosangalatsa! Anostomus wamba pakuwona koyamba amafanana kwambiri ndi Anostomus ternetzi, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu ndikupezeka kwa mtundu wofiirira wonyezimira pamapiko ake.
Mutu wake sunatchulidwe bwino. Pakamwa pa nsombayo pamakhala chotalikirapo ndipo imapindika pang'ono, chifukwa chakupezeka kwa nsagwada zakumunsi. Milomo ya nsombayi ndi yakuda ndi makwinya. Akazi a Anostomus vulgaris ndi okulirapo kuposa amuna amtunduwu.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Anostomes amakhala m'chigawo cha South America, kuphatikiza mitsinje ya Amazon ndi Orinoco, Brazil ndi Venezuela, Colombia ndi Peru. Onse m'banjamo amakonda madzi osaya m'mitsinje yothamanga kwambiri yomwe ili ndi miyala yamiyala komanso yamiyala. Mitunduyi ndi yosowa kwambiri kukumana m'malo athyathyathya.
Zomwe zili ndi anastomus wamba
Anostomus iyenera kuikidwa m'madzi ambiri, omwe amayenera kubzalidwa ndi zomera zam'madzi. Poletsa nsomba kuti zisadye zomera zam'madzi a m'nyanja, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndere zochuluka kapena nthawi zonse muziyika chakudya chomera.
Zomera zoyandama zosadzichepetsa ziyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pamadzi... Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti nthumwi zamtunduwu zimakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali m'magawo apansi ndi apakati amadzi, komanso kuti akhalebe athanzi, ndikofunikira kupereka kusefera kozama ndi mpweya mu aquarium, m'malo mwa kotala lamadzi katatu kapena kanayi pamwezi.
Kukonzekera aquarium
Mukamakonzekera aquarium kuti mukhazikike ndi Anostomuses wamba, muyenera kusamala kwambiri posunga izi:
- mitundu ya aquarium iyenera kutsekedwa kuchokera pamwamba ndi chivundikiro chokwanira;
- voliyumu ya nsomba imodzi iyenera kukhala malita 100-150, ndipo pasukulu ya nsomba zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi, muyenera kugula aquarium yamalita 480-500;
- PH yamadzi am'madzi a aquarium imatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa 5.8-7.0;
- dH yamadzi am'madzi a aquarium - mkati mwa 2-18 °;
- kusefera koyenera ndi aeration yokwanira imafunika;
- pamafunika kuonetsetsa kukhalapo kwamphamvu kapena pang'ono pang'ono mu aquarium;
- kutentha kwapakati pa 24-28 ° С;
- kuyatsa mokwanira;
- kupezeka kwa gawo lamwala kapena lamchenga mumtsinje wa aquarium.
Zofunika! Makamaka amaperekedwa kumapangidwe a aquarium kuti asamalire anostomus wamba, ndipo monga kudzazidwa ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yolowerera, miyala yayikulu komanso yosalala, zokongoletsera zosiyanasiyana zomwe sizimakweza malo.
Ma anostomus wamba amatengeka kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe amadzi, chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kuloleza kusintha kwa ma hydrochemical mu aquarium. Mwazina, ndibwino kuti musankhe mitundu yolimba ngati masamba am'madzi, kuphatikiza anubias ndi bolbitis.
Zakudya, zakudya
Zakudya za omnivorous anostomuses amatha kukhala owuma, owundana kapena amoyo, koma ndi gawo loyenera:
- chakudya cha ziweto - pafupifupi 60%;
- chakudya chazomera - pafupifupi 40%.
Ngakhale kuti munthawi zachilengedwe, nthumwi za mitunduyi, zimakonda kudyetsa ndere zomwe zidachotsedwa pamiyala, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, koma ma anostomus am'madzi ochokera pachakudya chamoyo nthawi zambiri amakonda tubifex yokha. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kudyetsa ma virus a magazi, ma corets ndi ma cyclops. Chakudya chodzala chimatha kukhala ma flakes, letesi yoyaka moto, ndi sipinachi yozizira kwambiri.
Ngakhale, machitidwe
Ma anostomus wamba amakhala mwamtendere, ali mgulu la nsomba zamasukulu ndipo amatha kuzolowera msanga kuti asungidwe m'nyanja yamchere. Kugawana nawo nsomba zazikulu, koma zamtendere zomwe zimakonda malo okhala momwemo, kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwanthawi yayitali, ndizololedwa.
Mitundu yamitunduyi imatha kuyimilidwa ndi loricaria, mikate yamtendere yamtchire, nsombazi ndi plekostomus.... Anostomus wamba sayenera kukhazikika m'malo amchere amchere okhala ndi mitundu yolusa kapena yochedwa ya nsomba, kuphatikiza discus ndi scalar. Ndizosafunikanso kusankha nsomba zokhala ndi zipsepse zazitali kwambiri mozungulira.
Kubereka ndi ana
Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, anostomus wamba amadziwika ndi kuphatikizana komanso kubereka nyengo, ndipo kubereketsa kwa aquarium nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta, komwe kumafunikira kukondoweza kwa mahomoni ndi ma gonadotropes. Kutentha kwamadzi panthawiyi kuyenera kukhala 28-30 ° C, komanso kumawonjezeredwa ndi kusefera kwamphamvu ndi kuwongolera madzi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Anostomus wamba amakhala ndi kusiyana kwakugonana: amuna amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa akazi, omwe ali ndi mimba yochuluka. Nthawi isanakwane, chachimuna chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi utoto wosiyana ndi utoto.
Nsomba za Aquarium zimatha msinkhu zikafika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Chiwerengero cha mazira obalidwa ndi mkazi wachikulire wa anostomus sichiposa zidutswa 500, ndipo patatha pafupifupi tsiku limodzi la makulitsidwe, ana okangalika amabadwa.
Atangobereka, opanga onse ayenera kubzalidwa. Mwachangu amakhala ndi mwayi wosambira tsiku lachiwiri kapena lachitatu. Ambiri mwachangu amapatsidwa chakudya chapadera choyambira, kapena chomwe chimatchedwa "fumbi lamoyo".
Matenda amtundu
Anostomas ali mgulu la nsomba zopanda vuto lililonse komanso nsomba zam'madzi za ku aquarium, ndipo mawonekedwe ndi chitukuko cha matenda ambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhudzana ndikuphwanya mndende.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Gourami
- Bungwe la Sumatran
- Nyenyezi ya Ancistrus
- Goldfish Ryukin
Nthawi zina pamakhala matenda opatsirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi bowa, algae, mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, matenda owopsa, komanso matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chovulala, kuphwanya kayendedwe ka hydrochemical ndi zinthu zapoizoni m'malo am'madzi.
Ndemanga za eni
Ndibwino kuti musunge anostomus wamba m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a akulu asanu ndi mmodzi mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri amadziwa zamadzi am'madzi, atakhazikika, nsomba zotere zimayenda m'madzi mopendekeka pang'ono, koma pofunafuna chakudya amatha kukhala pafupi. Ma aquarium anostomuses achikulire amakonda kukhala akuchita zinthu pafupifupi nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri kudya ndere zomwe zimakulira masamba azitsamba, mitengo yolowerera ndi miyala, komanso galasi la aquarium.
