Mutu wakufa - dzina lowopsya linaperekedwa kwa anyani a saimiri ochokera ku Aborigine, omwe adawona utoto wodabwitsa wa mphuno yawo, yomwe ili patali ikufanana ndi chigaza chakumwetulira.
Kufotokozera kwa saimiri monkey
Mtundu uwu wa anyani amphongo yayikulu ndi gawo la banja lamiyendo yayikulu ndipo umaimiridwa ndi mitundu isanu:
- Saimiri oerstedii - saimiri wobwerera kumbuyo;
- Saimiri sciureus - gologolo saimiri;
- Saimiri ustus - saimiri wopanda kanthu;
- Saimiri boliviensis - Bolivia saimiri
- Saimiri vanzolini - wakuda saimiri.
Pakati pawo, mitunduyo imasiyanasiyana ndi malo okhala, mtundu wa malaya ndi kukula kwake (mopanda tanthauzo).
Maonekedwe, kukula kwake
Awa ndi anyani ang'onoang'ono, omwe amakula mpaka 30-40 cm ndipo amalemera 0,7-1.2 kg... Chifukwa chodziwika kuti kugonana, amuna nthawi zonse amakhala akulu kuposa akazi. Mtunduwo umayang'aniridwa ndimayendedwe obiriwira obiriwira kapena amdima a azitona, opukutidwa ndi ubweya woyera m'makutu, mbali, pakhosi komanso kuzungulira koyera kuzungulira maso. Wotsirizirayo, kuphatikiza cholumikizira chakuda chakuda kuzungulira mphuno / pakamwa, amapanga chigoba chotchuka chotchedwa mutu wakufa.
Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, ndipo kutsogolo kwa mphukira, malo amphuno ndi milomo kulibe tsitsi. Saimiri ili ndi nthiti yotchuka, mphumi yayitali komanso maso akulu otseka kwambiri. M'kamwa muli mano 32, mainawa ndi otakata komanso otalika.
Ndizosangalatsa! Saimiri amakhala ndi mbiri yakale pakati pa anyani potengera kuchuluka kwaubongo (24 g) mpaka thupi. Ku saimiri, zimawoneka ngati 1/17, ndipo mwa anthu - 1/35. Kuti mufanane ndi saimiri, munthu ayenera kukhala ndi mutu wopitilira katatu kuposa kuchuluka kwa ubongo wopitilira 4 kg.
Zowona, kukula kwa ubongo sikunakhudze IQ ya nyani, popeza chilengedwe chinaiwala kuyiphatikiza ndi ma convolutions. Anyani amasuntha miyendo 4 yopyapyala, pomwe kutsogolo kumakhala kofupikirapo kuposa kwakubala. Saimiri adatambasula, zala zolimba zomwe zimathandiza kugwiritsitsa nthambi. Pamiyendo yakutsogolo, misomali ndiyofewa. Chala chachikulu chakumapazi nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndikutsutsana ndi ena onse. Mchira, womwe umagwira ngati balancer, nthawi zonse umakhala wautali kuposa thupi ndipo umafika masentimita 40-50 m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Anyani nthawi zambiri amakhala maso masana, kufunafuna chakudya.... Ndi nyama zocheza, kupanga magulu a anthu 10 mpaka 100 (nthawi zina kuposa). Madera sasintha - mamembala awo amatha kumwazikana kapena kuyanjananso. Gulu la anyani limadya msipu pamalo a mahekitala 35 mpaka 65. Ngakhale kutchuka kwa akazi (pafupifupi 60/40), ali mgulu lapakati, ndipo gululi limatsogozedwa ndi amuna odziwa zambiri.
Saimiri amayenda mosalekeza, akuyenda kuchokera 2.5 mpaka 4.2 km patsiku, ndipo madzulo kukwera pamwamba pa mitengo ya kanjedza kuti asasokonezedwe ndi adani. Asanapite kukagona, anyani amakangana malo abwino kwambiri, popeza palibe amene amafuna kugona m'mphepete. Atagona, amatsitsa mitu yawo pakati pa mawondo awo ndikusindikizana, akumatirira panthambiyo ndi miyendo yawo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Tsekani pafupi, momwe anyani 10-12 amaphatikizana, amathandiza kuthawa kuzizirira usiku. Ndi cholinga chomwecho (kuti azitha kutentha) nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mchira wawo wautali, kukulunga m'khosi.
A Saimiri amachita mantha kwambiri kotero kuti amawopa ngakhale kusuntha usiku, ndipo masana amathawa zoopsa zochepa. Woyendetsa nthawi zonse amakhala mtsogoleri, yemwe amatsogolera achibalewo kumalo otetezeka. Njira yothawa sikutanthauza njira yapansi - anyaniwo amapanga mzere ndikunyamuka pamwamba, atakakamira panthambi. Kusuntha kwa Saimiri kuli ndi mphamvu komanso chisomo. Anyani samangokwera mitengo mwangwiro, komanso amalumpha.
Pamsonkhano, mamembala amakhudza pakamwa pawo. Phokoso limakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana: saimiri amatha kulira, kukuwa, kuliza mluzu ndi trill. Anyani akamangodandaula kapena kukwiya, nthawi zambiri amafuula komanso kufuula. Chizindikiro cholankhulira chomwe mumakonda chikuchepa. Kulira kwa anyani sikumangomveka m'mawa komanso madzulo, komanso usiku, pomwe a saimiris amantha amang'ambika ndi phokoso lililonse lokayikitsa.
Saimiri amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji
Akadapanda matenda, majeremusi ndi nyama zolusa, saimiri akadapulumuka zaka zosachepera 15. Osachepera mu ukapolo, anthu ena adapulumuka mpaka zaka 21. Kumbali inayi, anyaniwa ndi ovuta kuwasunga kumalo osungira nyama (makamaka aku Europe) chifukwa chakuzindikira kwawo pakusintha kwanyengo. Saimiri samazika mizu kwawo, ku South America, akangofika kuchokera kumalo awo anyengo kupita kwina, mwachitsanzo, ku steppe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake saimiri sapezeka kwambiri m'malo osungira nyama ku Europe.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Saimiri amapezeka ku South America (makamaka pakati ndi kumpoto). Kum'mwera, mitunduyi imakhudza Bolivia, Peru ndi Paraguay (kupatula mapiri aku Andes). Nyama zimakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zotentha zovuta kumera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, zimakhala nthawi yayitali mumikota ya mitengo / tchire ndipo nthawi zina zimatsikira pansi.
Zakudya zamphongo za Simiri
Pofuna chakudya, gulu la anyani likubalalika mozungulira dera lonselo... Kuyankhulana ndi gulu kumasungidwa ndi walkie-talkie yokhala ndi mawu amawu onga ofiira.
Zakudya kuthengo
Saimiri samangodya magawo osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yazomera, komanso mapuloteni azinyama. Menyu ya nyani imaphatikizapo:
- maluwa, masamba, mphukira ndi masamba;
- chingamu ndi latex (mkaka wamkaka);
- mtedza, mbewu ndi zipatso;
- uchi, zipatso, tubers ndi zitsamba;
- udzudzu, akangaude ndi ntchentche;
- ziwala, agulugufe ndi nyerere;
- nkhono, mbozi, molluscs ndi achule;
- anapiye, mazira a mbalame ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono.
Minda yazipatso imawonongeka nthawi ndi nthawi. Saimiri ndi sluts osowa. Atalandira chipatso, nyani amang'amba, kusindikiza ndikusindikiza ndi mapazi ake, kuti pambuyo pake azidzipaka ndi msuzi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Saimiri nthawi zambiri amadziveka okha zonunkhira. Otsatirawa si timadziti ta zipatso zokha, komanso malovu, zotsekemera za maliseche / khungu, mkodzo ndi ndowe. Akatswiri a zoo sanapezebe chifukwa cha khalidweli.
Zakudya mu ukapolo
Saimiri amatenga chakudya ndimiyendo yakutsogolo, pang'ono pang'ono ndikamwa. Pali chakudya chamtengo wapatali (kuphatikizapo dietetic) pamsika, chomwe chimakhala choviikidwa m'madzi musanatumikire.
Zosakaniza zomwe zingalimbikitsidwe kudyetsa ogwidwa:
- zipatso (pang'ono kuti musaphe njala yanu);
- nyama ya nkhuku (yophika) ndi zinziri mazira - kawiri pa sabata;
- nsomba yophika ndi nkhanu;
- letesi ndi dandelion masamba;
- zoophobus, ntchentche ndi ziweto (nthawi ndi nthawi);
- mtedza, mbewu ndi uchi ndizochepa.
Mwa zipatsozi, ndibwino kuti muziyang'ana zipatso za citrus, popeza thupi la saimiri silikudziwa kupanga mavitamini C. Menyu iyenera kukhala yosiyanasiyana, koma yololera. Maswiti, tchipisi, pizzas ndi zonse zomwe zimakomera nyama zomwe zimawononga nyama sizichotsedwa.
Kubereka ndi ana
M'mitundu yambiri ya saimiri, nyengo yokhwima imagwirizana ndikutha kwa nyengo yamvula ndipo imatha miyezi 3-4... Pakadali pano, akazi onse okhwima ogonana amayamba estrus, ndipo amuna amalemera ndipo amakhala amanjenje. Nthawi zambiri amasiya ziweto zawo, kuti ayesetse kukwatira mlendo, koma mosavomerezeka amakumana ndi otsutsana nawo.
Ngati pathupi pankachitika, mkazi amabala mwana pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. M'modzi (makamaka ana awiri) amabadwa ndi mutu wa elliptical. Zowona, pakatha milungu ingapo mutu umayamba mawonekedwe abwinobwino a mpira.
Zofunika! Pobadwa pang'ono, nyani amamatira mwamphamvu pachifuwa cha amayi ake, pambuyo pake amapita kumbuyo kwake, komwe amakhala pomwe mayi ake amagona, kufunafuna chakudya kapena kukwera panthambi. Mzimayi ali ndi ng'ombe kumbuyo kwake, ngati kuli kofunikira, amauluka mwakachetechete pamtunda wa mamita 5.
Saimiri ena amalumikizana posamalira mwana akangobadwa masabata atatu, ndipo pakadutsa miyezi 1.5 amakhala wodziyimira pawokha. Pakatha miyezi 2-2.5, mayiyo amasiya kuyamwa, ndipo nyani amalowa nawo masewera agulu, koma nthawi yomaliza ndi mayi imachitika patatha zaka zingapo. Pakukhwima kwazimayi, kubereka kumayamba ndi zaka zitatu, mwa amuna - mwa zaka 4-6. Saimiri wachinyamata atangotha msinkhu, mamembala ena a gulu amayamba kuwonetsa kukhwimitsa ndi kuwumiriza kwa iwo.
Adani achilengedwe
Ngakhale atakhala osamala, saimiri nthawi zonse samatha kuthawa omwe amawatsata, ndipo palibe ochepa mwachilengedwe.
Adani achilengedwe ndi awa:
- anaconda wolimba ndi harpy;
- boas (mutu wa agalu, wamba ndi emarodi);
- jaguar ndi jaguarundi;
- amphaka ocelot ndi amphawi;
- munthu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Mitundu iliyonse ya saimiri ili ndi mawonekedwe ake otetezera. Simiri osamva akuti ndi mitundu yangozi ya Chiwopsezo, popeza kuchuluka kwake kudzachepa ndi kotala m'zaka 25 (kuwerengera kunayamba mu 2008). Anthu akuopsezedwa ndi kusefukira kwamadzi pomanga makina opangira magetsi, kukulitsa minda komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo ake okhala ndi kusaka kosaloledwa, mtundu wina umavutikanso, simiri wakuda... Adapatsidwa udindo "wosatetezeka".
Mkhalidwe ndi saimiri wofiira, yomwe yasintha udindo wake kuchokera "pangozi" (yopatsidwa mu 2003) kukhala "osatetezeka". M'zaka za m'ma 70s zapitazo, anthu ake anali osachepera mitu 200,000, atatsika mpaka 5,000 munthawi yathu ino. Ma saimir ofiyira kumbuyo asowa chifukwa cha zolakwa za alenje, ozembetsa (kugulitsa nyama) komanso chifukwa cha zochitika zachuma za anthu. Akuluakulu aku Costa Rica ateteza mitunduyo motetezedwa ndi boma.
Zinthu za anthropogenic ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa komanso monga saimiri agologolo, yomwe idaphatikizidwa mu International Red Book yomwe ili ndi chizindikiro "chochepetsera chiopsezo". Akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo amakhulupirira kuti n'zotheka kupulumutsa saimiri padziko lapansi osati kokha chifukwa cha zachilengedwe, komanso pokonzekera kuswana m'mapaki a zinyama.
