Nyama yokongola yokhala ndi mchira wonyezimira ngati gologolo inatenga zokongola kuti zitsamba, zotulutsa ndi m'mbali mwake. Imodzi mwa mbewa zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi nyumba zogona nkhalango.
Kufotokozera kwa nyumba yogona nkhalango
Malo ogona ang'onoang'ono am'mitengo yaying'ono amafanana kwambiri ndi mbewa ndi agologolo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo... Mawonekedwe, monga mtundu, kukula ndi machitidwe, zimadalira malo okhalamo. Kutengera ndi malo okhala, utoto waubweya wogona m'nkhalango ukhoza kukhala wakuda kapena wopepuka, kusiyana pakati pamithunzi kumaonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Maonekedwe
Sonya ndi nyama zazing'ono zomwe zili ndi thupi lokulirapo pang'ono. Kutalika kwathunthu kwa thupi ndi 60 mpaka 120 mm. Mchira wokutidwa, padera, ukhoza kukhala wofanana, pawo malayawo ndi aatali. Mchira sikungokhala kokongoletsa, koma chida chofunikira chovala. Zimathandizira kulinganiza nthambi, kusewera ngati mtundu wa chiwongolero. Komanso, gawo ili la thupi limatha kuwonetsa mkhalidwe wa mbewa. Ngati tsitsi lalitali kumchira ligona bwino, nyama imamva kukhala yotetezeka. Tsitsi lokulira m'dera lino likuwonetsa kusakhala bwino. Poyembekezera zoopsa, nyumba yogona imakweza tsitsi kuti liziwoneka lokulirapo kwa mdani wake. Amphaka amachita chimodzimodzi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mutu wopapatiza wamtali umatha ndi chimbudzi chakuthwa, maso a mbewa amaoneka bwino motsutsana ndi mbiri yonse, ndi mdima, ozungulira komanso owala. Pamutu pa nyama pali makutu odziwika bwino, ndi akulu kwambiri.
Pamaso palokha, monga mitundu yambiri ya mbewa, ma vibrissae amapezeka. Izi ndi "zida" zowonjezera zowunikira mumlengalenga. Amagwira kutetemera kocheperako, chifukwa chake amatha kudziyang'ana mumlengalenga mumdima wochepa. Kutalika kwa vibrissae poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa thupi la dormouse m'nkhalango kumakhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 40%. Tinyanga, iliyonse payekhapayekha, imatha kuyenda, chifukwa cha kupindika kwa minofu yaying'ono yamaso. Chiwalo choterechi chimathandizira kuyendetsa bwino dziko mozungulira mbewa.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti miyendo yakumbuyo ya chipinda chogona ili ndi zala zisanu, ndipo yakutsogolo ili ndi 4. Miyendo ndi yopyapyala komanso yayifupi. Chovala cha mbewa ndi chachifupi, chachitali chofanana mthupi lonse, kupatula mchira, wofewa komanso wolimba mpaka kukhudza... Monga lamulo, amajambulidwa pamtambo wachikaso pamtambo. Chovalacho ndi chimodzimodzi pachifuwa ndi pakhosi. Kumbuyo kwa chipinda chogona m'nkhalango ndi kofiira bulauni. Pamaso, mitundu iwiriyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mzere wosiyananso wamtundu wakuda wakuda.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Nkhalango zowirira komanso nkhalango zimawerengedwa kuti ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri nkhalango zogona. Amakonda zitsamba zokhala ndi nkhalango zowirira, malo amitengo yopanda kanthu. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mutha kukumana naye kumunda kapena paki. Nyama yosekondayi yafalikira pakanjira kakang'ono komanso kumadzulo kwa gawo la Europe la Russian Federation. Pokhala, dormouse imasankha nyumba zachilengedwe. Itha kukhala mabowo amitengo, zisa zakale zosiyidwa za mitundu yonse ya mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, makumi anayi. Ngati palibe malo oyenera opanda anthu, ogona sadzachititsidwa manyazi kupezeka kwa "eni" mu chisa. Amatha kukhazikika mnyumba kapena m'nyumba ya mbalame, kuthamangitsa eni nthenga kumeneko ndi phokoso.
Mbewa iyi imatha kukhala yokha. Nthawi zambiri, kutsitsa mitengo ndi zitsamba zina "zinyalala" zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu. Uwu ndi udzu, kufota, masamba owuma; ulusi wopangidwa ndi nthambi zosinthika umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chimango. Ntchito yomanga nyumba imodzi imatenga pafupifupi masiku 2-4. Sonya amatha kumanga nyumba zawo m'nkhalango zaminga. Chifukwa chake, amatetezera nyamazi, zomwe zimaletsa nyama zolusa kuti zisayandikire. Malo ogona a nkhalango ndi mbewa zachuma; amakhala nthawi yambiri yomanga kukonza mkatikati mwa nyumbayo. Sonya amadzaza ndi fluff, ubweya, udzu wouma, womwe umapangitsa kuti usakhale wofunda komanso wokoma, komanso umaphimba bwino ana omwe amakula mmenemo kuti asamawone.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mungadzawone chisa chowonekera chopanda pogona, apa ndiye pogona pa bachelor kapena pogona pang'ono. M'nyumba yotereyi, nyamayo sikhala nthawi yayitali, imatha kukhala malo owonekera kwambiri, ndiye kuti dormouse ipita kukamanga chisa chatsopano. Pa malo okhala munthu m'modzi mutha kupeza nyumba zokwanira 8. Mbewa imatha kusintha nyumba, ngakhale zitatsekedwa, kuti zizitsatira ukhondo. Palibe njira yosunthira payokha. Nyumba yogona imalowa ndikutuluka kudzera pakatundu kalikonse koyenera pakati pa nthambi. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachititsanso kuti nyama yovuta idye.
Ndizosangalatsa!Anthu ogona m'nkhalango amasamaliranso za kuyera kwa thupi lawo. Amatha kuthera maola ambiri akuphwanya ulusi uliwonse wa mchira wawo, ndikuwadinda bwinobwino.
Zipinda zachisanu zimamangidwa mozama mobisa milu yamitengo kapena zitsamba zamizu yamtengo. Pafupi ndi nthaka, nthaka imawundana kwambiri, osapereka mpata wopulumuka, chifukwa chake amakhala kukhazikika nyengo yozizira pamtunda wa masentimita 30 pansi pa nthaka.
Malo ogona a m'nkhalango ndi nyama yokwera. Amakwera bwino nthambi za mitengo ndi zitsamba, pomwe akuwonetsa zochitika usana ndi usiku. Masana, ngakhale mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imalota. Zikhadabo zakuthwa zakuthwa ndi ma "callus" apadera amaloleza kuti agwiritsitse nthambi mosavuta osagwa. Ndipo vibrissae imathandizira kuyenda bwino m'nkhalango zowirira.
Chimfine chimaika nyamayo m'maso. M'chigawochi, nkhalango yogona nkhalango imakhala nthawi yozizira masiku onse ozizira pachaka. Chowotchera choterechi chimachepetsa kutentha kwa mbewa, zomwe zimachepetsa njira zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chuma mwanzeru. Munthawi imeneyi, ena ogona amakhala ndi chakudya, chomwe amadya mokondwa akadzuka m'nyengo yachisanu. Pambuyo pake, ndikucheperachepera kwa kutentha, mitulo yogona imatha kugona, ikadzitsitsimutsa, ipitilizabe kugona. Mitundu yotsalayo imangodya mafuta osungidwa m'thupi lawo, omwe amapezeka munthawi yotentha.
Kodi nkhalango imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji
Kumtchire, nyumba zogona m'nkhalango zimakhala zaka 2 mpaka 6. Nyama iyi imatha kuwetedwa ngati idagwidwa idakali wakhanda. Panthawi yakusodza, simuyenera kuwatenga ndi manja anu, ogona sakonda izi.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Nyumba zogona nkhalango ndizofala m'nkhalango kuchokera ku Central Asia kupita ku Kazakhstan ndi mayiko aku Europe. Adakhala kumpoto kwa Africa, China ndi Japan. Banja la anthu ogona lili ndi mibadwo 9. Chiwerengero cha mitundu yawo ndi 28. Amapezeka ngakhale ku Asia Minor ndi Altai.
Zakudya zodyeramo nkhalango
Tizilombo tambiri titha kukhalapo pakudya m'nkhalango... Komabe, nyama zimasankha zakudya zamasamba monga chakudya chomwe amakonda. Amasangalala kudya mbewu za mbewu, zipatso zomwe zimabwera panjira, ndipo osazengereza ndi mbewu za zipatso. Ngati panjira yakuthengo idya chisa cha mbalame chikumana ndi anapiye ang'onoang'ono kapena mazira atayikira, amasangalala nawo mosangalala.
Ndizosangalatsa!Njira yomwe chakudya chimayamwa ndi nyama chimafunika chisamaliro chapadera ndi chikondi. Mofanana ndi makoswe ambiri, amatenga chakudya m'manja mwawo ang'onoang'ono n'kubwera nacho kukamwa kwawo. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe ana awa akuwongolera mwanzeru zala zawo zazing'ono ndi mbewu ndi zipatso.
Kubereka ndi ana
Atangodzuka kutulo, nyama zimapita kukafunafuna bwenzi lawo. Amuna, otengeka ndi chibadwa, amadzuka kale. Amagwira ntchito kwambiri panthawiyi, amangoyenda mosasunthika m'mbali zanthambi, ndikuyika zonse zomwe zili panjira yawo. Akazi amadzuka pambuyo pake. Amayamba kupanga zokopa zapadera, kenako amayang'ana zilembo zamphongo kuti zisiye zawo m'malo mwake.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Hazel dormouse kapena musket
- Malo ogona m'munda
- Jerboas
Mimba ya mkazi imakhala pafupifupi masiku 28. Munthawi imeneyi, amawonetsa zizindikilo zonse za mayi yemwe akuyembekezera kuwonjezera. Akazi amakonza ndi kuyeretsa chisa chawo, kuchiwongolera, kutaya ndikusintha mbali zomwe zawonongeka. Tsiku limodzi ana asanabadwe, amathamangitsa amuna omwe akwaniritsa ntchito yawo. Mabanja ogona amamanga kwakanthawi, palibe zokambirana "zachikondi" zazitali komanso zokhulupirika.
Anawo nthawi zambiri amakhala amodzi pachaka. Nthawi zambiri, kumadera otentha, atha kukhala awiri mwa iwo.Mpaka ana asanu ndi atatu amabadwa mu zinyalala imodzi. Pambuyo pobadwa, amayi nthawi zonse amakaniza ndikunyambita ana awo amaliseche, pinki komanso osowa chochita. Pofika tsiku la 16 lokha lamoyo, kutuluka koyamba kumawonekera m'thupi lawo, ndipo maso awo amatseguka.
Mkazi amasiya chisa kukangodya. Nthawi zina makanda amagwera panja panyumba, koma amayi amawazindikira mosakakamira ndikuwakokera kunyumba kwa abambo awo.
Pazaka chimodzi ndi theka, makanda amatha kukhala pawokha, koma ambiri samachoka pachisa. Pokhapokha ngati pali chakudya chokwanira, nyumba yogona ingakhale m'magulu.
Adani achilengedwe
Mdani wamkulu wa dormouse yamtchire ndi kadzidzi wakuda... Ndi kadzidzi wokhala ndi mapiko otalika mita imodzi. Ndi sing'anga kukula, masekeli osapitirira 600 magalamu. Mbalameyi imakhala m'malo omwewo ogona m'nkhalango, ndipo imagwira ntchito dzuwa litangolowa.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Nyumba zogona nkhalango zalembedwa mwalamulo mu Red Book la zigawo zina za Russian Federation. Awa ndi madera a Kursk, Oryol, Tambov ndi Lipetsk. Padziko lonse lapansi, mtundu uwu umatetezedwa ndi msonkhano wa ku Vienna. Ikutchulidwanso pa IUCN Red List.
