Chithunzi cha Crane waku Japan kwakhala kwanthawi yayitali kuzunguliridwa ndi nthano zambiri ndi nthano. Kukongola, chisomo chachilengedwe, moyo wautali komanso moyo wa mbalame zodabwitsa izi nthawi zonse zimadzutsa chidwi chenicheni mwa anthu.
Kufotokozera za crane yaku Japan
Crane yaku Japan pachikhalidwe imakhala chizindikiro cha chikondi chachikulu komanso chisangalalo cha mabanja m'maiko ambiri.... Kupatula apo, mbalame ziwirizi zimakhalabe zokhulupirika kwa anzawo m'moyo wawo wonse ndipo zimaganizira magawo awo.
Crane waku Japan m'maiko ambiri amawerengedwa kuti ndi mbalame yopatulika yomwe imafotokoza za chiyero, chikhumbo cha moyo ndi chitukuko. Achijapani amakhulupirira kuti zikwizikwi zopanga pamanja zidzabweretsa machiritso, chipulumutso komanso kukwaniritsidwa kwa zokhumba zomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri kwa onse osowa. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa mbalamezi kumangowonjezera ulemu kwa iwo ndikuwapangitsa kuti azisamalira kuteteza mitunduyo.
Makamaka amakopeka ndi mawu a cranes aku Japan (kurlykah awo), omwe amatulutsa pansi kapena pakuuluka. Alonda a mbalame amasiyanitsa kuimba mogwirizana, mwachilengedwe mwa anthu apabanja, mbalame imodzi ikayamba nyimbo, ndipo inayo imatenga. Kugwirizana kwa ma duets awa kukuwonetsa kusankha koyenera kwa bwenzi. Kumverera kwa nkhawa kapena zoopsa kumasintha kurlyak yawo kukuwa kwachisoni.
Maonekedwe, kukula kwake
Crane waku Japan amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufikira 1.58 mita, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 8 kilogalamu. Nthenga zambiri zimakhala zoyera. Khosilo ndi lakuda, lokhala ndi mzere wotuwa ngati chipale chofewa. Mapikowo ali ndi nthenga zingapo zakuda zomwe zimapanga kusiyanitsa kosangalatsa ndi nthenga zonse. Chodziwika ndi chikhumbo cha mbalamezi nthawi zambiri komanso kwa nthawi yayitali kuti zisamalire nthenga zawo. Miyendo ya crane yaku Japan ndiyokwera komanso yopyapyala.
Ndizosangalatsa! Akuluakulu ali ndi "kapu" pamutu pawo - kachigawo kakang'ono ka khungu lofiira, lopanda nthenga. Akazi amakhala otsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi amuna kukula.
Crane wachichepere waku Japan ali ndi nthenga zosiyana. Mutu wawo waphimbidwa ndi nthenga. Akuluakulu okha ndi omwe amapeza mitundu yawo. Anapiyewo ndi ofiira, ndipo pambuyo pake amasintha kukhala mabala a bulauni, oyera, imvi ndi bulauni. Makanema akuluakulu amatulutsa nthenga zawo kangapo pachaka. Molt wokakamizidwa imachitika pakatha nyengo yokwanira.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Ntchito ya crane yaku Japan imafika pachimake theka loyamba la tsikulo. Mbalamezi zimasonkhana kuti zizidya m'zigwa za mitsinje komwe zimapeza chakudya chokwanira. Cranes amakonda madambo, madambo osefukira ndi mitsinje yamadzi osefukira. Ndiwo malo omwe amawapatsa kuwona koyenera kwa malo ozungulira komanso kuchuluka kwazomera ndi chakudya cha nyama. Usiku ukagwa, ma cranes aku Japan amagona phazi limodzi m'madzi.
Nthawi ya kukaikira mazira imadziwika ndikugawana dera m'deralo kukhala la anthu apabanja osiyana, omwe amawateteza mwakhama... Pakusuntha kwakanthawi, cranes imakhamukira m'magulu, kuchuluka kwake kumatengera kuchuluka kwa mbalame zomwe zimakhala mdera linalake.
Ndizosangalatsa! Moyo wa mbalamezi uli ndi miyambo yambiri yobwerezabwereza yomwe imatsatira zochitika zina. Amakhala ndi kayendedwe ka thupi ndi mawonekedwe amawu, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa magule. Zimachitidwa ndi ma cranes achi Japan, monga ulamuliro, nthawi yachisanu, akadyetsa, ndipo mbalame za mibadwo yonse zimatenga nawo gawo.
Chimodzi mwa ziweto chimayamba kuvina, kenako kenako mbalame zonsezo zimaphatikizidwa. Zinthu zake zazikulu ndikulumpha, kuwerama, kutembenuka, kusinthasintha mutu ndikuponya udzu ndi nthambi mlengalenga ndi mulomo.
Kusunthika konseku kumapangidwa kuti kuwonetse thanzi la mbalame, komanso njira imodzi yopangira mabanja okwatirana ndikupanga ubale pakati pa mibadwo yakale ndi yachinyamata.
Chiwerengero cha crane waku Japan, yemwe amakhala kumpoto, amasamukira kumwera nthawi yozizira, mbalame zina zonse zamtunduwu, zimangokhala. Ndege zimachitika pamtunda wamakilomita 1-1.5 pamwamba pa nthaka, mbalame zimayesetsa kutsatira mafunde oyenda okwera, nthawi zina amangomanga mphete. Pakuthawa kwakanthawi, ma cranes amakhala ndi malo angapo pomwe amakhala kanthawi kuti apumule. Paulendo umenewu, mbalame zimadya m'zigwa za mitsinje, komanso m'minda ya mpunga ndi tirigu.
M'nyengo yoswana, zikondamoyo zaku Japan zimakhala ziwiriziwiri, ndipo zimapanga magulu akuluakulu nyengo yachisanu isanasamuke kapena nthawi yadzuwa. Komabe, m'nyengo yoswana, mbalamezi zimateteza madera awo ku mbalame zina.
Kodi crane yaku Japan imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Moyo weniweni wa cranes waku Japan sunakhazikitsidwe molondola. Komabe, kuwona kwa mbalamezi kumawonetsa kuti amakhala m'malo awo achilengedwe kwazaka zambiri, ndipo ali mu ukapolo, chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo chitha kupitilira zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Malo okhala mbalamezi ndi opitilira 80 miliyoni ma kilomita ndipo amakhala ku Japan ndi ku Far East. Pali magulu akulu awiri:
Kukhala pazilumba
Kusiyanitsa kwake kwakukulu ndikokhala kwama cranes. Malo okhala anthuwa ndi zigawo zakum'mawa kwa chilumba cha Hokkaido (Japan) komanso kumwera kwa zilumba za Kuril (Russia).
Kukhala kumtunda
Mbalame za anthu ambiriwa zimasamukira kwina. Amakhala kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China, komanso m'chigwa cha Mtsinje wa Amur ndi mitsinje yake. Nthawi yachisanu ikasamukira, cranes amasamukira kumwera kwa China kapena kumtunda kwa Korea Peninsula.
Ndizosangalatsa! Anthu osiyana akuyenera kupatsidwa cranes omwe amakhala ku Chzhalong Nature Reserve (China).
Cranes zaku Japan sizilekerera kukhalapo kwa anthu, chifukwa chake amasankha madambo am'mitsinje ndi madambo onyowa ngati malo okhala.
Kupatula apo, pano mutha kupeza udzu wouma wokwanira womwe mbalame zimamanga zisa zawo. Mwambiri, ndizodziwika bwino kuti mitundu iyi ya cranes imamanga zisa pafupi ndi mitsinje.
Zakudya zama crane ku Japan
Cranes aku Japan amadyetsa m'mawa kapena masana... Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi zomera ndi zakudya za nyama. Mbalame zamphongozi zimagwira nsomba zazing'ono, achule, abuluzi, molluscs ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana (kachilomboka, nyongolotsi, mbozi).
Amatha kumenyana ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono ndi mbalame, komanso kuwononga zisa za kumapeto. Nthawi zina amatha kusiyanitsa menyu ndi mphukira, masamba ndi mizu yazomera, komanso tirigu wochokera kumunda wa tirigu, mpunga ndi chimanga.
Chakudya cholemera chotere chimalola nyama zazing'ono kufulumira kukula. Ndipo ali ndi miyezi itatu ndi 3.5 amatha kale kuwuluka mtunda wawufupi. Njira yosangalatsa yopezera chakudya cha crane waku Japan. Amatha kuyimirira kwa nthawi yayitali mutu wake uli pansi, osasunthika poyang'anira nyamayo, kenako ndikuiukira mwadzidzidzi. Asanadye, crane ayenera kutsuka nyama yake m'madzi. Anapiye amadya makamaka tizilombo, timene timakhala ndi mapuloteni okwanira kuti akule ndikukula.
Kubereka ndi ana
Nthawi yokwatirana ya ma cranes aku Japan imayamba ndi nyimbo yamwambo. Amuna amayamba kaye. Amaponyanso mutu wake ndikuyamba kutulutsa mawu osangalatsa. Kenako mkaziyo amalumikizana naye, zomwe zimabwereza kwathunthu mamvekedwe opangidwa ndi mnzake. Kuvina kosakanikirana kwa mbalamezi kumawonekeranso kokongola. Amakhala ndi kudumpha kosiyanasiyana, ma pirouettes, mapiko ophwanyaphwanya, kugwada ndikuponya udzu.
Ndizosangalatsa! Cranes zaku Japan nthawi zambiri zimayikira mazira awiri (gulu limodzi lokha). Onse makolo amatenga nawo mbali pomanga. Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, anapiyewo amaswa. M'masiku angapo, adzakhala olimba kotero kuti azitha kutsatira makolo awo omwe ali otanganidwa kufunafuna chakudya.
Ntchito ina kwa makolo ndikutentha anapiye pansi pa mapiko awo usiku wozizira. Chifukwa chake ma cranes amasamalira ana awo kwa miyezi itatu, ndipo amakula msinkhu pafupifupi zaka 3-4.
Ma cranes aku Japan ayamba kupanga zisa mchaka (Marichi - Epulo)... Kumusankhira malo ndi ntchito yachikazi. Zofunikira zakunyumba yamtsogolo ndizosavuta: kuwonera malo ozungulira, nkhalango zowuma zouma, kupezeka kwa gwero lamadzi pafupi, komanso kusapezeka kwa munthu.
Makolo amtsogolo onse akugwira ntchito yomanga chisa, ndipo ndiye wamwamuna yekhayo amene amatetezedwa. Amakhala wodekha pakupezeka kwa mbalame zazing'ono, ndipo amathamangitsa mwakhama zazikulu osati zokhazokha, komanso kutali ndi dera lake.
Adani achilengedwe
Cranes zaku Japan zili ndi malo okhala, motero adani awo achilengedwe amasiyana kwambiri. Kumtunda, amasakidwa ndi nkhandwe, nkhandwe ndi zimbalangondo. Mimbulu nthawi zambiri imalimbana ndi kukula kwachichepere. Komabe, adani akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo achikulire, ndi odyetsa nthenga zazikulu (mwachitsanzo, ziwombankhanga zagolide).
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Crane yaku Japan ndi kamphaka kakang'ono kangozi. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa malo omwe sanakonzedwe, komanso kukulitsa madera olimapo, kumanga madamu - mbalamezi zilibe malo oti zitha kupeza chakudya chawo.
Zofunika! Lero crane yaku Japan adatchulidwa mu International Red Book, ndipo chiwerengerochi ndi pafupifupi mbalame 2-2.2 zikwi.
Chifukwa china, chomwe chidatsala pang'ono kutha m'modzi mwa anthu, chinali chikondi cha ku Japan chifukwa cha nthenga za mbalameyi. Mwamwayi, ma cranes tsopano alandila chisamaliro ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kwawonjezeka.
