Mbiri ya nsomba iyi yawonongeka mopanda chiyembekezo ndi kanema. Nkhani zowopsa zimanena zakukonda kwake kwakukha mwazi. Mphekesera zikunena kuti gulu la nsombazi limatha kuthana ndi nyama ya njati m'kuphethira kwa diso. Kodi tinganene chiyani za munthu. Koma munthu amakonda kuwakomera misempha. Sachita mantha kuti mchilankhulo chakomweko "piranha" amatanthauza "nsomba zoyipa". Ndipo tsopano mwamuna akulera kale wokhala mwamantha m'madzi a Amazon munyumba yake yam'madzi.
Piranha adalumikizana ndi nsomba zam'madzi a m'katikati mwa zaka za 20th. Palibe amene adasokonezapo gawo lake la nsomba zam'madzi zodyedwa kwambiri.
Makhalidwe a piranha
Piranha ndi wa banja la haratsovyh, gulu la carps. Amapezeka m'madzi atsopano a South America... Ili ndi mitundu yambiri ndi subspecies, yotchuka kwambiri komanso yotchuka kwambiri ndi piranha, yomwe imakhalanso ndi mabala ofiira.
Piranha sangadzitamande ndi zinthu zakunja - zazikulu zazikulu, kapena mitundu yakunja. Ndipo amatha kudutsa nsomba zosaoneka bwino, ngati sichoncho chifukwa cha mbiri yake, zomwe zimatsimikizika ndi kapangidwe ka nsagwada. Mlomo waukulu, minofu ya nsagwada yamphamvu, mano akuthwa ngati malezala okhala ndi kubowola kumbuyo kotseguka, ndi nsagwada zotuluka m'munsi ndi zida zodalirika zakupha komanso njira yopulumukira kuthengo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Piranha imakwanitsa kukhathamiritsa utoto wake ukatha msinkhu. M'chilengedwe chake, kutalika kwa piranha sikupitilira 30 cm, mu aquarium - 20 cm.
Moyo wokonda kucheza wa piranha umachitika chifukwa cha ziwembu zowukira wozunzidwayo - onse pamodzi. Kudya nyama iliyonse payokha, pamodzi nsomba izi ndizowopsa komanso zopanda chifundo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zimakhala zodabwitsa kuwona momwe amantha m'madzi am'madzi. Poyenda mwadzidzidzi pokoka kapena kunyamula, nsombazi nthawi yomweyo zimakhala pansi pamadzi.
Mitundu ya piranha
Pofuna kukhala m'malo am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi, piranha wamba / piranha yofiira nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa. Koma pamndandanda wama aquarium, pali mitundu ina 6 ya piranha.
- Mwezi / Metinnis.
- Mtsinje.
- Ang'ono.
- Phuku lofiyira wofiira.
- Mbendera.
- Miley red fin / mileus mwezi.
Mawonekedwe a mitundu
- Mileus-moon kapena mile-red-finned - mtundu wa piranha wodyetsa. Ndi m'modzi mwa okongola kwambiri. Osasamala posamalira ndi kusamalira, mitundu iyi ndiyabwino kwambiri kwa akatswiri osadziwa zamadzi.
- Pacu wofiira - amakula msanga ndipo amatha kukhala okhutira ndi zakudya zazomera, kupatula nthawi yobala. Osati owopsa, popeza alibe masamba akuthwa.
- Metinnis wamba kapena mwezi, kapena galasi nsomba ali ndi mbiri yokhala piranha yabwino kwambiri.
- Ma piranhas achifwamba ndi mbendera - omwe amalimbikitsidwa kwa akatswiri am'madzi am'madzi, popeza amatha kupirira zolakwika zazing'ono posamalira ndi kukonza, komanso sizikuwonekeranso pakukwiya.
Piranha wochepa - imafuna njira yodziwira bwino komanso katswiri wazamadzi.
Kugula piranha - malangizo, mtengo
Piranha ndi nsomba yodziwika bwino komanso yodula yam'madzi am'madzi, motero akatswiri samalangiza kuti agule zosowa m'mayendedwe apansi. Makonda ndi masitolo apadera komanso akatswiri am'madzi odalirika.
Ngati mugula ngakhale munthu wowoneka bwino, ayenera kuyikidwa m'chipinda chokhazikika kwa mlungu umodzi. Pambuyo pake, ngati nsomba siziwonetsa zodetsa nkhawa, zimatha kusamutsidwa komwe kumakhala.
Zofunika! Mukamasankha nsomba kuti mugule, muyenera kuwona momwe imakhalira, yang'anani mawonekedwe ake ngati kulibe zotumphukira ndi zotupa pathupi, zilonda, zomata, zolengeza zamtambo, kuwonongeka kwa mamba. Nsomba ziyenera kukhala ndi chilakolako, makamaka zomwe zimakhala zovuta monga piranha. Khalani achangu ndipo musakhale ndi vuto loyenda bwino.
Chifukwa chake, kuti muwunikire mozama momwe zinthu zilili ndi kugula, njira yopeza iyenera kutsatiridwa ndikudzijambula nokha. Mukatumizidwa ndi mthenga, ndizosatheka kuwunika thanzi la chiweto kapena kuwona momwe zimasungidwira pakagulitsidwa.
Mtengo wa piranha umatengera mitundu ndi zaka. Nthawi zambiri, munthu m'modzi amawononga ma ruble 1,500 - 3,000. Zoyimira zochepa chabe ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri. Zikatero, mtengo ukhoza kufikira ma ruble masauzande angapo a nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri.
Chida cha Aquarium, zida
Kuti piranha ikhale yosamalidwa bwino, muyenera kulingalira zikhalidwe zawo ndipo, malinga ndi iwo, imapatsa moyo wabwino.
- Madzi otchedwa aquarium.
Kusamutsidwa kumawerengedwa potengera zomwe zimachitika - malita 10 amadzi pa 3 cm iliyonse yamitundumadzi ya nsomba. Zikuoneka kuti kwa anthu awiri pamafunika madzi okwanira malita 150, gulu la ma piranhas achichepere 5-8 - lita imodzi ya 200. Kwa kampani yayikulu, aquarium ya malita 300-500 ndiyofunika kale.
Izi sizosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa, koma chosowa chofulumira chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi nkhanza za nsombayi. Malo ochepa omwe piranha amakhala nawo, amakwiya kwambiri. - Malo ambiri okhala.
Pazovuta zake zonse, piranha ndi nsomba zamanyazi. Amafuna malo obisika - mitengo yolowerera, nyumba, mapanga, miyala, komwe amatha kubisala pangozi kapena pangozi.
Zofunikira mu aquarium ndi zomera - zamoyo kapena zopangira. Nthawi zambiri amabzalidwa mozungulira komanso mozungulira.
Malo okhala ndi zomera amakhala 2/3 ya voliyumu yonse ya thanki ya piranha. - Fyuluta yamphamvu.
Chifukwa cha voracity yawo, piranha imatulutsa zinyalala zambiri. Pofuna kuti zisaunjike m'madzi komanso kuti zisamuphe poizoni, pamafunika fyuluta yamphamvu. - Kompresa wabwino.
Piranha imafuna madzi oyera, okosijeni kuti akhale omasuka. Compressor yodalirika ndiyofunika kwambiri. - Chotenthetsera madzi ndi thermometer.
Piranha amakhala m'maiko ofunda ndi madzi ofunda. Amakhala bwino pokhapokha madzi atakhala ndi kutentha osachepera 23 madigiri. Ngati mukufuna kuti nsomba iyi iganizire za kubereka, ndiye kuti kutentha kumayenera kutenthedwa - 26 madigiri.
Kusunga piranhas ndi ntchito yayitali. Kutalika kwa nsombayi m'madzi kumakhala zaka 10 kapena kupitilira apo, chifukwa chake zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa moyenera komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Kulephera kutsatira kayendedwe ka kutentha kumabweretsa zovuta m'mitsempha ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi cha piranha. Atha kudwala ndikufa.
Zomwe mungadyetse ma piranhas
Piranhas ndi odzichepetsa pachakudya, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti atha kudyetsedwa ndi chilichonse. Pali malamulo ndi zoletsa. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu wanji wa piranha womwe mumadya - wodya kapena wosadya nyama.
Kuti mudyetse, muyenera kugawa malo ochepa otseguka mu aquarium. Ndipo muziyang'anitsitsa kayendedwe ka kudyetsa - kamodzi patsiku, kwa mphindi ziwiri. Ngati palibe chakudya chomwe chatengedwa panthawiyi, zotsalazo ziyenera kuchotsedwa m'madzi nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimachitika kuti tipewe kuwonongeka kwa madzi, chifukwa chodziwika bwino cha piranha chimadziwika: sichimatenga chakudya kuchokera pansi pa aquarium.
Ndizosangalatsa! Piranha imanyalanyaza chakudya chochepa kwambiri. Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala molingana ndi nsagwada zawo.
Piranhas amakonda zosiyanasiyana... Kuti muwapatse iwo, muyenera kusungitsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana: nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi, nkhanu zazing'ono, nyama ya squid, nyongolotsi, ma bloodworms, tadpoles, achule, masamba atsopano - zukini, mbatata, sipinachi, kaloti.
Ponena za nyama ya mammalian, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, piranha azidya, koma akatswiri samalangiza kuti agwiritse ntchito mtundu uwu wazakudya pazifukwa zitatu.
- Kuchuluka kwa nyama mu zakudya kumabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri mu nsomba.
- Kugaya chakudya kwasokonezeka ndipo mtundu wa nsombayo watayika.
- Madzi am'madzi a m'nyanja yamchere ndi owonongeka.
Piranha yathanzi ili ndi njala yabwino... Amadya chakudya chofanana ndi kulemera kwake patsiku.
Nthawi ndi nthawi - 2-4 pamwezi, piranha yodya nyama imayenera kukonzekera masiku osala - masamba, kuti asanenepe.
Ndizosangalatsa! Amakhala opulumutsa nthawi ndipo adziwonetsera okha ndi chakudya chouma cha piranha. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino, pali mavitamini ndi mchere wofunikira ku nsomba.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo, zodzitetezera
Ma Piranhas sivuta kusiya. Koma pali zinthu zitatu zomwe wam'madzi amayenera kuchita pafupipafupi ngati akufuna kuti omugwirira akhale athanzi komanso osangalala.
- Onetsetsani kuyera kwa madzi.
- Pazifukwa izi, 10% yama voliyumu am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi amasinthidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Kusintha kwa madzi kumachitika bwino kuti ateteze kusintha kwakanthawi kwa nsombazo. Kupanda kutero, omwe amadya magazi amathanso kupsinjika.
- Onetsetsani momwe madzi amapangidwira.
- Kuyesedwa kwamadzi pafupipafupi ndikofunikira. Amoniya amadzi amayeza kawiri pa sabata. Index ya acidity iyenera kukhala 6 - 7, kuuma - 6-15.
- Onetsetsani kutentha kwa madzi.
- Kukhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi ozizira kumatha kupha ma piranhas. Kutentha kwake kwamadzi ndi madigiri 25-27.
Palinso chinthu china chofunikira pakampani ya piranha. Iyi ndi nsomba yophunzirira. Sakamva bwino yekha. Popanda paketi, amachita mantha kwambiri ndipo samakula bwino.
Zofunika! Akatswiri amalangiza kuyamba kudzaza malo okhala ndi nsomba za 3-5, za msinkhu ndi kukula kwake - kuti zazikulu zisadye zazing'onozo, kuzisocheretsa ngati chakudya.
Ngakhale pali malamulo osavuta osamalira ndi kukonzanso ma piranhas, munthu sayenera kuiwala kuti awa ndi adani. Komanso, nsomba zowopsa kwambiri komanso zokhetsa mwazi zam'madzi padziko lapansi.
Pali zinthu 4 zofunika kuzisamalira posunga ma piranha kunyumba
- Piranha aquarium sayenera kuikidwa pansi, makamaka ngati pali ana ang'ono mnyumba.
- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito aquarium ndi manja, ndikofunika kuti khungu lisakhale ndi mabala kapena mabala.
- Simungathe kuyika gulu la ma piranhas. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala achiwawa.
- Ma piranhas aukali kwambiri komanso owopsa amakhala nthawi yobereka. Munthawi imeneyi, muyenera kupitiliza ndi chisamaliro chachikulu pogwiritsa ntchito ma waya ofewa okhala ndi zigwiriro zazitali.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina
Piranhas amakonda kukhala ndi kampani yawoyawo. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti pakhale mtundu umodzi wa piranha, wazaka zofanana ndi kukula, mu aquarium imodzi. Kupanda kutero, mikangano ndi kudya anzawo sizingapeweke. Ngakhale pagulu limodzi la "obadwa nawo" ma piran amakhala ndi mtsogoleri yemwe amayendetsa zonse "ndikusunga" aquarium.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Kambuku wakuthwa eublefap
- Chameleon ndiye chobisalira chabwino kwambiri
- Caracal kapena steppe lynx
Ndi wamkulu, wamphamvu, wamakani kuposa ena. Amadya kaye, amatenga malo abwino kwambiri mu aquarium ndikuwonetsa ndi mawonekedwe ake onse omwe ali abwana.
Ngati mukufunadi kuyika wina mu aquarium ndi kampani ya ma piranhas, ndiye kuti akatswiri amalangiza wachinyamata wakuda pacu yemwe sanakwanitse kutha msinkhu, komanso nkhono. Pali malingaliro oti ana, ana achikazi ndi malupanga azichita.
Zaumoyo, matenda ndi kupewa
Mavuto akulu a ma piranhas, monga nsomba zina zam'madzi am'madzi am'madzi, amayamba chifukwa chokhala mosayenera - madzi osauka, malo ocheperako a m'nyanja komanso malo ankhanza. Piranha imasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthika kwachangu kwa khungu ndi zipsepse. Akawonongeka, amatha kuchira bwino.
Zizindikiro zowopsa ndikuchepa kwa ntchito za nsomba, kuphwanya chivundikiro chawo, zilonda, ndi kukana kudyetsa. Poterepa, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuyang'ana kutentha kwa madzi ndi kapangidwe kake - kwa NH4, NO2, NO3. Ngati zisonyezero ndizokwera kwambiri, abwezeretseni mwakale, yang'anani ndikuyeretsa zosefazo, onjezerani kuchuluka kwa madzi, sinthanitsani madzi ena ndi madzi abwino.
Kubereketsa kunyumba
Piranhas amakhala okhwima pakatha zaka 2-3. Ndipo ngati gululo lisanakhalebe limodzi, ndiye kuti mikangano ndi kutuluka awiriawiri zimayamba mkatimo. Anthu ochepa okha omwe ali olimba mtima komanso olimba amafa pankhondoyi. Pofuna kupewa zotayika pamsinkhu uwu, akatswiri odziwa zamadzi am'madzi amakhala ndi amuna ndi akazi m'madzi am'madzi "amodzimodzi."
Zofunika! Piranhas, kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, muyenera kuyesa. Amuna owala kwambiri komanso amdima kuposa akazi. Ndipo thupi la akazi limazungulira lisanabadwe. Amuna ndi owonda, alibe mazira m'mimba mwawo.
Malo osungiramo nsomba zapadera amafunika kuti aziswana nsomba. "Chipatala cha uchembere cha nsomba" ichi chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse pakuswana ma piranhas.
- Khalani ndi kukula kokwanira - malita 150 pawiri.
- Madzi ayenera kukhala otentha kuposa madigiri 2-3 kuposa nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti, madigiri 27-29.
- Kusintha tsiku ndi tsiku kwa 25% yamadzi.
- Kutentha kwa madzi.
- Nthaka yaying'ono yamiyala, yolimba masentimita 5, pansi pa aquarium - m'menemo ma piranhas amapanga zisa za caviar.
- Kupititsa patsogolo chakudya cha nsomba.
Pobzala, nsomba zomwe zimadziwika bwino zimasankhidwa, zomwe "zapanga anzawo" kale. Yaimuna imakonza chisa. Amateteza ana ake, akumuteteza mwamphamvu ku chilichonse choyenda.
Ntchito ya mkazi ndikusesa mazira mu chisa chokonzedwa. Kuti achite izi, amayimirira kutsogolo kwake ndikuyamba kutulutsa mazira m'magawo - mazira a lalanje 200-300. Zonsezi, panthawi yobereka, mkazi wathanzi amatha kupereka dzira 2-3 mazira zikwi. Pa tsiku lachitatu, mphutsi zimatuluka m'mazira, ndipo patatha masiku atatu mphutsi zimasanduka mwachangu.
Kusamalira mwachangu
Mwachangu amasunthidwira ku aquarium ya "ana". Izi zimachitika ndi ukonde wautali, kupewa kulumikizana ndi kholo laukali. Mwachangu amadya bwino. Choyamba, amapatsidwa cyclops, brine shrimp ndi chubu chodulidwa. Izi zimachitika kawiri patsiku. Pakatha miyezi itatu, mwachangu amasamutsidwa kuti adye chakudya chachikulire chomwe chimaphatikizapo nyama.
Zofunika! Kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamapuloteni muzakudya za piranha mwachangu kumadzaza ndikukula kwa kusabereka. Chifukwa chake, zosankha zawo ziyenera kukhala ndi kotala la nyama.
Mwachangu amakula msanga. Ali ndi zaka mwezi umodzi, ndi chakudya chabwino, choyenera, amakhala ndi thupi lokwanira masentimita awiri.
