Kinglet ndi mbalame yaying'ono komanso yopanda tanthauzo (banja la mafumu). Ngakhale mpheta wamba pafupi ndi mfumuyo imawoneka ngati nthenga yayikulu kwambiri.
Kufotokozera kwa mfumu
Mbalamezi sizimawoneka zokha zokha.... Amakonda kukhala m'magulu ndipo ndi mbalame zokonda kucheza kwambiri. Chikhalidwe china cha mfumu ndi luso loimba. Komabe, zimawonekera mwa amuna okha omwe afika zaka ziwiri.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mbalame zanyimbo izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mawu awo kukopa akazi, kuwachenjeza za ngozi, kuyika gawo lawo, komanso kulumikizana.
Amuna amalimbikira kwambiri pakuimba nthawi yamasana, yomwe imayamba kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti. Nthawi yonseyi, mawu amawatumikira kuti afotokozere momwe akumvera. M'minda ya paini, nthawi zambiri mumatha kumva kuimba kwa ma kinglet, komabe, chifukwa chakuchepa kwake, anthu ambiri samadziwa kuti amva trill ya ndani. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, manambala apamwamba kwambiri pamawu a korolkov nthawi zina samamvedwa ndi okalamba. Titha kudziwanso kuti mbalameyi ndi mbalame yadziko lonse ku Luxembourg.
Maonekedwe
Pali ma subspecies 7 abanja omwe amapezeka ku Eurasia ndi North America. Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi kachilomboka kamutu wachikaso, kamene kali ndi "kapu" yapadera yachikasu. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitunduyi ndi nthenga. Komabe, onse amakhala ndi nthenga za azitona zobiriwira komanso mimba yakuda (zazikazi zili ndi utoto).
Kinglet ili ndi mawonekedwe osakumbukika kwambiri. Makulidwe a kachilomboka ndi ochepa kwambiri. Kutalika kumangofika masentimita 10, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 12. Thupi lake ndilokhota, mutu wake ndi waukulu, ndipo mchira wake ndi khosi lake ndizofupikitsa. Mlomo ndi wakuthwa komanso wowonda, ngati nkhwangwa. Nthenga zazing'ono zoyera ngati chipale zimamera pafupi ndi maso, ndipo pali mikwingwirima iwiri yoyera pamapiko.
"Kapu" yalembedwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Mwa akazi ndi wachikaso, pomwe mwa anzawo ndi lalanje. Nthawi zoopsa kapena zowopsa, nthenga zowala izi zimatuluka ndikupanga kakhalidwe kakang'ono, kokhala ngati korona. Mwina zinali chifukwa cha iye kuti mbalameyo idatchedwa dzina. Nthiti zazing'ono zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa nthenga zowala pamitu yawo.
Moyo ndi machitidwe
Mafumu ndioyimira mbalame mwachangu, ochezeka komanso ochezeka. Ndizosatheka kukumana nawo padera, chifukwa amakonda kukhala m'matumba. Tsiku lonse, mbalamezi zimangoyendayenda, zikuyendera malo oyandikana nawo, kapena kusewera ndi abale. Zimauluka kuchoka panthambi ina kupita panthambi ina, nthawi zina zimakhala zolimba modabwitsa. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka atapachikika mozondoka. Komabe, zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu azindikire mbalamezi pansi, chifukwa zimabisala pamisoti yamitengo.
Pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu (minda kapena mabwalo), ma kinglet amatha kusankha spruce wamtali kwambiri, ngakhale atakhala pamalo opanda phokoso. Chisa mwamwambo chimazungulira panthambi zazikulu komanso kutalika kwakutali kuchokera pansi (pafupifupi 10 mita). Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mbalamezi zimapirira mosavuta kupezeka kwa anthu ndipo zimazolowera kusintha kwa chilengedwe.
Ndizosangalatsa! Monga lamulo, ma kinglet amakonda ma spruces atali kwambiri kuti apange mazira. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala m'nkhalango za paini, ndipo nkosatheka kukumana ndi woimira banja wopitayo m'nkhalango zowuma.
Amakonda kukhala moyo wongokhala, ndikupanga maulendo okakamiza m'nyengo yozizira yokha. Komabe, kusamukira kumwera ndi mawonekedwe a korolki omwe amakhala kumadera akumpoto. Kusamuka koteroko kumachitika chaka chilichonse. Nthawi zina zimakhala zazikulu, ndipo nthawi zina zimachitika mosazindikira. Korolki nthawi zambiri amabwerera kumadera kwawo kumapeto kwa masika.
M'nyengo yozizira, amatha kupanga ziweto pamodzi ndi mamembala ena a banja lopitilira, omwe amapita nawo maulendo ataliatali ndikukhala ndi moyo wofanana. Komabe, kwa nthawi yogona, kafadala amakonda kupuma pantchito zina mbalame. Monga mbalame zing'onozing'ono, mbalame zazing'ono zimayesetsa kuthana ndi chisanu choopsa limodzi. Amasankha malo abata komanso otetezedwa momwe angafikirane wina ndi mnzake ndi kuwotha moto. Ndi chifukwa cha njira yotenthetsera yomwe amatha kupulumuka.
Komabe, m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri komanso yotenga nthawi yayitali, ma virus a magazi amafa.... Izi zimachokera ku njala komanso chisanu choopsa. Koma kubereka kwakukulu kwa nthumwi za mbalamezi kumawathandiza kuti asatheretu. Mafumu akhoza kukhala mu ukapolo. Komabe, oweta mbalame odziwa zambiri okha omwe amatha kuwapatsa chisamaliro choyenera, chifukwa izi ndi mbalame zamanyazi kwambiri, omwe amatha kuzisunga.
Kodi ma korlets amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji
Mafumu kuthengo amangokhala zaka zochepa. Komabe, panali zochitika zina pamene anali mu ukapolo mbalamezi zinatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Mafumu amasankha nkhalango zokhazokha kuti azikhalamo, makamaka amakonda kupanga chisa m'nkhalango za spruce. Pali gulu lokhalitsa komanso losamukasamuka. Amapezeka makamaka ku Russia ndi mayiko aku Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece).
Posachedwa, pakhala pali chizolowezi chokulitsa nkhalango zowoneka bwino (ali ndi kutsekemera kwabwinoko kwa phokoso, kuyeretsa bwino mpweya ndipo samakhetsa masamba ambiri), zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa ma kinglet. Mitengo yolimba ya firs siyabwino kwenikweni kwa mbalame, koma nthumwi za dongosolo la odutsa zimasinthidwa kukhala moyo m'malo otere. M'malo momwe kuchuluka kwa mbalame kwakula kwambiri, ma kinglet amakakamizidwa kusamukira ku nkhalango zosakanikirana. Pakati pawo, amayesa kusankha zomwe muli mitengo yambiri yamitengo.
Zakudya za King
Ngakhale kinglet ndi mbalame yomwe imakonda kusewera komanso kucheza, imayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali kufunafuna chakudya. Pofunafuna chakudya, kafadala amatha kulowa mgulu limodzi ndi mbalame zina zazing'ono ndikufunafuna chakudya mosalekeza. Amasuntha nthambi za mitengo, ndikuwona kusakhazikika kulikonse kwa khungwa, komanso kumira pansi kufunafuna tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Ma kinglet amatha kupachika mlengalenga kwakanthawi, pambuyo pake amangothamangira nyama ija ndikuyigwira ndi milomo yawo yopyapyala. Mbalameyi imafunikira mapuloteni okwanira kuti ikhale yolimba. Kwa tsiku limodzi, kinglet imatha kudya magalamu 6 a chakudya, chomwe chimakhala chofanana ndi kulemera kwake.
Ndizosangalatsa! Vuto lina ndiloti mlomo wa mlomo sungathe kuwononga chakudya chotafuna. Chifukwa chake amakakamizidwa kukhala wokhutira ndi chakudya chochepa chokha, chomwe nthawi zambiri amachimeza.
Maziko a chakudya chake cha chilimwe amapangidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi mphutsi, komanso zipatso zapakatikati.... M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kudya mbewu za spruce. Chisanu ndi chipale chofewa zimatha kukakamiza kafadala kufunafuna chakudya pafupi ndi pomwe anthu amakhala. Ngati kachilomboka kasowa chakudya kwa ola limodzi m'nyengo yozizira, kadzafa ndi njala. Ngakhale mphindi 10-12 za njala zimatha kuchepetsa kulemera kwake ndi gawo limodzi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti, ngakhale zili zochepa, mbalamezi zimatha kuwononga tizirombo pafupifupi mamiliyoni angapo pachaka.
Adani achilengedwe
Mmodzi mwa adani otchuka kwambiri achilengedwe a mbalamezi ndi sparrowhawk, yemwe amadya pafupifupi mbalame zazing'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zina akadzidzi amatha kuukira mfumu. Agologolo, odula matabwa kapena jays amatha kudya mazira ndi anapiye a mfumu.
Komanso, nyerere ya ku Argentina, yomwe imabweretsa anthu mosazindikira ku gombe la Europe la Nyanja ya Mediterranean, imatha kukhala chifukwa cha adani achilengedwe a mfumuyi. Tizilomboto timaloĊµa m'malo mwa nyerere zina, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chakudya cha kafadala ndi anthu ena okhala kumtunda kwa nkhalango, zomwe zimawakakamiza kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yochuluka kufunafuna chakudya.
Pali zambiri zazinyama zomwe zimafalitsa osati korolkov okha, kapena mitundu ina ya mbalame yoyandikira. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi utitiri wowopsa (wochokera ku South America). Komanso, pali mitundu ingapo ya nthata za nthenga, zomwe bowa m'thupi la mbalameyo limakhala chakudya.
Kubereka ndi ana
Masewera okwatirana mwa omwe akuyimirawa akuyamba pakati pa Epulo.... Gulu logwirizana limatha, ndikupanga awiriawiri. Kuikira mazira kumachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Chisa cha kachilomboka chimakhala chokhotakhota, china chosongoka m'mphepete. Ndi yaying'ono kukula komanso pafupifupi kosaoneka pakati pa nthambi zomwe zimafalitsa ma conifers. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pamtunda wa 4-12 mita, chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kuziwona pansi, ndipo panthawiyi mbalame sizimadziwonetsa.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ntchito yomanga chisa ndi udindo wamwamuna, yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito moss, ndere, udzu wouma, nthambi ya msondodzi ndi nthambi za paini ngati zomangira.
Mkandawo "umamangiriza" zomangamanga zonsezi pamodzi ndi intaneti. Kuchokera mkati, chisa chimalowetsedwa pansi, nthenga ndikupeza ubweya. Kupanikizika kwambiri kumakankhira anapiye oti aswilane wina ndi mnzake, ndipo nthawi zina kumakhala pamitu ya abale ndi alongo. Mkazi amaikira mazira 7 mpaka 10 pachaka, omwe amatuluka okha. Mazirawo ndi ang'onoang'ono kukula kwake, achikasu oyera, ndi timadontho ting'onoting'ono ta bulauni. Anapiye amaswa nthawi ya 14. Kumbu lokha lomwe lathyoledwa ndilopanda nthenga, kokha pali nyali pamutu.
Mkati mwa sabata yamawa, amayi nthawi zonse amakhala pachisa, kuwotha anapiye. Nthawi imeneyi, yamphongo imagwira ntchito yosaka chakudya. Kenako mayiyo amalumikizanso kudyetsa anapiye omwe anali atakula kale. Kumapeto kwa mweziwo, nyama zazing'ono zayamba kale kugwirizana m'magulu ndipo zimadutsa m'nkhalango kufunafuna chakudya. Mu Julayi, mkaziyo amatha kuyikiranso mazira, koma adzakhala ochepa (kuyambira 6 mpaka 8). Mu Seputembara-Okutobala, kachilomboka kakang'ono kamayamba kusungunuka, kenako kumakhala ndi mtundu wa akulu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Kwa zaka zana zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa mfumuyi ku Europe kwakula kwambiri. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri, anayamba chisa ku France, ndi zaka makumi atatu anakhala ku Netherlands, ndiye milandu ku Denmark analembedwa. Osati kale kwambiri, zowona za mbalamezi ku Morocco zidadziwika. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, ku England, mfumuyi inali yoyenerera kukhala mbalame yosowa kwambiri, koma masiku ano ikupezeka pagombe lakumwera.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kukula kwa anthu kumakondweretsedwa ndi nyengo yozizira, yomwe imalola ma kinglet kusiya ndege zazitali komanso zovuta.
Komabe, kufalitsa kwa kachilomboka kumalephereka chifukwa chosowa malo abwino, komanso nyengo yovuta. Kudula mitengo nthawi zonse kumathandizanso, zomwe zimachepetsa malo omwe mbalame zimatha kukhalira.
Chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimalepheretsa kugawa kwa anthu ndikuwononga chilengedwe. Amatsagana ndi kudzikundikira kwazitsulo zambiri zolemera zomwe zimadziunjikira m'nthaka ndikuchipitsa. Ili ndi mbalame zoposa 30 miliyoni, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale Conservation Area yotchedwa Concern Concern.
