Funso "chifukwa chiyani nsombazi zimaopa ma dolphin" silikumveka molondola. Ubale wa nyama izi ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe zimawonekera koyamba.
Kodi nsombazi zimaopa ma dolphin
Yankho lokha ndilakuti ayi, sawopa, koma m'malo mwake samalani moyenera.... Mikangano pakati pawo ndiyosowa, chifukwa ma dolphin amatunga madzi m'magulu, ndi nsombazi, zomwe zimadziwa kuwerengera mphamvu zawo ndikudziwiratu zomwe zingachitike, zimapewa misonkhano yayikulu ya dolphin. Shaki imatha kugwidwa ndi anangumi a mano (omwe anamgumi onse a dolphin), pokhapokha atalakwitsa ndikuyandikira gulu lomwe kuli achikulire ambiri.
Kodi nsombazi zimaukira ma dolphin?
Pafupifupi nsomba zonse zimakhala zodziyimira pawokha, zomwe zimathandizira makampani nthawi zina (nthawi yamatata, patchuthi kapena m'malo okhala chakudya chochuluka). Zotsalira za dolphin zomwe zawonongedwa zapezeka m'mimba mwa shark kangapo. Monga lamulo, ziweto zofooka kwambiri kapena zazing'ono zomwe sizimadziwa zikugwera m'manja mwake zimagwera mano.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mosiyana ndi kulingalira kwachibadwa, nsombazi siziphonya mwayi wopita ndi gulu la dolphin, ndipo osati chiyembekezo chodzasaka dolphin wodwala kwambiri kapena wachichepere: nsombazi ndizosangalala kudya zotsalira za phwando la dolphin.
Shark nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kuukira ngati awona kuti chinthu chomwe amakonda kwambiri chasambira kwa anzawo ndipo sichitha kukana. Chifukwa chake, kambuku wolimba kwambiri amapambana mosavuta dolphin yokhayokha, makamaka yomwe sinatengeke kukula ndi kukula kwake. Owona ndi maso adafotokozera momwe paketi ya nsombazi zazing'ono zidakwanitsa kupha ngakhale namgumi wamkulu wakupha yemwe adatsalira m'mbuyomo.
Chifukwa chiyani ma dolphin amalimbana ndi nsombazi
Ma dolphin, monga nyama wamba, samangosambira limodzi: pamodzi amathandizira achibale okalamba, ofooka komanso omwe akukula, amasaka m'magulu kapena kubwezeretsa kuwukira kwa adani.
Anangumi ankhondo amadziwika kuti ndiopikisana nawo pachakudya cha nsombazi, chomwe ndi chifukwa chomveka choti akalewo amenyane ndi omwewo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma dolphin amatenga sitimayi pomwe nsomba zimazungulira mozungulira (mosamala ana kapena odwala).
Polimbana ndi chilombo, ma dolphin amathandizidwa ndi zinthu monga:
- maneuverability wabwino;
- liwiro labwino;
- chigaza champhamvu (mbali yakutsogolo);
- gulu.
Atagwirizana, ma dolphin amalimbana mosavuta ndi shark yoyera yayikulu: amapweteketsa mutu wawo pamimba (ziwalo zamkati) ndi mitsempha. Kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake, dolphin imathamanga ndikumenya malo osatetezeka kwambiri, gill slits. Zili ngati kukhomerera plexus ya dzuwa.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ma dolphin sangathe kupondereza ma shark ambiri, koma mgundana mbali amawaposa mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu. Koma chida chowopsa kwambiri cha ma dolphin ndi kuphatikiza, kuthandizidwa ndi luntha lotukuka.
Killer whale vs shark
Nangumi wamkulu, wochititsa chidwi kwambiri a dolphin, ndi omwe nyama zolusa zazikulu ziyenera kukhala osamala nazo.... Ngakhale nsombazi zazikulu kwambiri sizimakula mpaka kukula kwa namgumi wopha, yemwe amuna ake amafika mpaka 10 mita ndikulemera matani 7.5.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukamwa kwakuphazi kwa nangumi kumakhala ndi mano akulu, otsika pang'ono kuposa nsombazi potengera mphamvu ndi kukula kwake. Koma dolphin iyi ili ndi ubongo, womwe nthawi zina umakhala wofunikira kwambiri kuposa mano akuthwa.
Sharki ndi m'modzi mwa adani achilengedwe a anamgumi opha, osati chifukwa chongokhalira kudya chakudya, komanso chifukwa ndichokhacho chomwe chimayesa nsomba. M'mimba mwa anamgumi opha, kuphatikiza ma penguin, ma dolphin ndi nsomba zazikulu, nsomba zambiri zimapezeka.
Zachidziwikire, nsombazi zimasambira ndikuyenda mwachangu, koma pang'onopang'ono (30 km / h) ndipo osati agile whale whale ndi nkhosa yamphongo yamoyo, yomwe imathera ndi chigaza chosavomerezeka.
Ndizosangalatsa! Anangumi opha, monga ma dolphin onse, amaukira limodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe amakonda: mphuno imawomba mbali kuti isinthe nsombayo. Poterepa, amagwa kwakanthawi pang'ono ndikukhala wopanda chochita.
Kawirikawiri, gulu lalikulu la anamgumi opha nsomba limagonjetsa mosavuta shaki ngakhalenso namgumi wambirimbiri, kenako amazing'amba. Palinso zithunzi za nkhondo ya m'modzi m'modzi, pomwe shark yoyera yayikulu ndi nsomba yamphepo idamenya nkhondo pafupi ndi Zilumba za Farallon. Dolphin adakhala wopambana.
Ma dolphins, nsomba ndi anthu
Aliyense amadziwa kuti ma dolphin nthawi zambiri amapulumutsa anthu mkatikati mwa nyanja, kuphatikizaponso ku nsombazi zomwe zimakonda magazi.... Khalidwe la ma cetacean lidafotokozedwa ndikuchulukirachulukira kwakusakanikirana: akuganiza kuti, amatenga tsoka kwa m'modzi wa gululo ndipo akuyesera kuti amuthandize.
Mu 1966, msodzi wa ku Aigupto Mahmoud Wali adagwidwa ndi namondwe woopsa pakati pa Suez Canal (pafupi ndi Cairo). Bwato losodza linatsika, ndipo Mahmoud adakhalabe pa matiresi othinidwa, atazunguliridwa mbali zonse ndi madzi ndi nsombazi za njala.
Sizingatheke kuti msodziyo akadafika pagombe ali wamoyo zikadapanda gulu la anamgumi omwe adamuthandiza. Anatenga wosaukayo ndi kumumanga ndi mphete yolimba ndikuyamba kukankhira matiresi kumtunda, kuti asawe asayandikire. Mayendedwe adamalizidwa bwino, ndipo Mahmoud Wali adachoka pamalowo osavulala.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nkhani ina yomwe idachitika mu 2004 kuchokera kugombe lakumpoto kwa New Zealand, kapena kuti, kutali ndi Chilumba cha Whangarei. Kunali komweko Wopulumutsa Pagombe a Rob Hughes, ndi anzawo komanso mwana wamkazi wa Nikki, adachita njira zopulumutsira anthu pamadzi.
Mwadzidzidzi, olowererawo anazunguliridwa ndi anamgumi, osasiya anthu njira yothawira mphete. Opulumutsawo sanangothedwa nzeru, anali ndi mantha, chifukwa samamvetsetsa chomwe chidapangitsa kuti agwire mosayembekezereka.
Chilichonse chinafotokozedwa pomwe a Hewes adamasulidwa ku ukapolo - shaki yoyera yayikulu ikuyenda pafupi nawo, omwe zolinga zawo zinali zomveka. Kenako Hewes adati adachita ziwalo chifukwa cha mantha atawona thunzi la mano ake pamtunda wa mita zingapo. A dolphin sanasiye opulumutsawo kwa ola limodzi, kufikira atafika pamalo otetezeka.
Maofesi a Mout Marine
Panali pano pomwe zoyeserera zowoneka bwino kwambiri pa ubale wapakati pa nsombazi ndi dolphin zidachitika. Dolphin wa botolo, yemwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa bottlenose dolphin, wotchedwa Simo, adachita nawo kuyesaku (kolamulidwa ndi Bureau of Naval Research).
Akatswiri a labotale anali ndi cholinga - kuphunzitsa 200-kilogalamu ndi mamitala awiri kuti amenyane ndi ma shark (malinga ndi malamulo omwe apatsidwa). Simo anavekedwa chobvala cha labala chotetezera ndikuikidwa mu dziwe ndi shark wamoyo wofanana kukula. Nyama zonse ziwirizi sizinkawonetsera chilichonse.
Zofunika! Zotsatira zabwino za kuyesaku zidapangitsa akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo ku lingaliro lakuphunzitsa ma dolphin kuti ateteze anthu osambira, osambira (akugwira ntchito mwakuya) ngakhalenso opita kutchuthi pagombe la alendo.
Kenako dolphin adaphunzitsidwa kulimbana ndi nyama yakufa yomwe ili yaying'ono kwambiri (1.8 mita), ndikupindulitsa pakamenyedwa nsomba iliyonse. Kenako Simo adaphunzitsidwa kuti amenyane ndi shark wakuda wakufa (2.1 m), yemwe adakokedwa pamwamba pamadziwo. Zotsatira zake, a dolphin adaphunzitsidwa kutulutsa nyama yodya nyama 1.8 mita kutalika kuchokera padziwe.
Ma dolphin monga oteteza shark
Lingaliro lakukopa ma dolphin kuti ateteze osambira kuchokera ku nsombazi limasosedwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala m'maiko angapo... Pomwe kukhazikitsa lingaliro losangalatsa kumalepheretsedwa ndi zovuta zina:
- Palibe chotsimikizika cha 100% kuti ma dolphin adzaphatikizira munthu m'mavuto ndi membala wa gulu lawo. Ndizotheka kuti amuzindikira ngati mlendo ndikunyamuka nthawi yowopsa kwambiri.
- Ma dolphin ndi nyama zaulere zomwe sizimangolephera kusambira m'nyanja, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe omwe amabwera chifukwa chosamuka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndizosatheka kuyika ma cetacean paunyolo kapena kuwamangirira ku gawo lina, kuti awopsyeze nsombazi zonse kumeneko.
- Chilichonse chomwe munthu anganene, koma ma dolphin ambiri ndi otsika mphamvu mwamphamvu kwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yowopsa kwambiri ya nsombazi (tiger, great white kapena black-snout). Zowononga izi, ngati zingafunike, zitha kudutsa ma dolphin ndikufika pafupi ndi munthu momwe zingathere.
Komabe, achthyologists aku South Africa apeza kale (monga akuganizira) yankho lavuto lachitatu. Kumbukirani kuti m'modzi mwa anthu ochuluka kwambiri a shark oyera adawonedwa m'madzi akumwera kwa boma. Asayansi aku South Africa apereka lingaliro lotenga anamgumi opha kuti aziyang'anira magombe am'deralo. Zimangokhala kuti mupeze ndalama ndikuyamba maphunziro.
