Nyama zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala pamtunda sizimangosangalatsa anthu. Pali zinsinsi zina pamakhalidwe a nyamazi, omwe ubongo wawo umalemera makilogalamu 6, ndipo nthawi yayitali ya moyo ndiyofanana ndi ya munthu - zaka 70. Matriarchy amalamulira mu ufumu wa njovu, amuna nthawi zambiri samakhala pafupi ndi akazi, kutenga pakati kwa amayi oyembekezera kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo ana a njovu amaleredwa "ndi dziko lonse lapansi."
Chidule cha njovu
Kuyambira kale, nyama izi zimawongoleredwa kuti zigwiritse ntchito mphamvu zawo, zimakhala nawo pankhondo zazikulu komanso maulendo ataliatali.... Chidwi cha asayansi mu zimphona izi chidadzutsidwa ndikumatha kudzizindikira pazithunzi, kumva ndi kukumbukira osati malo ndi zochitika zokha, komanso nyimbo, komanso kupanga zisankho limodzi. Mosiyana ndi nyama zambiri, njovu sizizindikira abale awo okha, ngakhale atakhala patali kwanthawi yayitali.
Amasonyezanso malingaliro apadera kwa akufa. Nthawi zonse amaima pafupi ndi zotsalazo ndipo amakhala kwakanthawi, nthawi zambiri amakhudza mafupa a mafupa ndi nsonga ya thunthu, ngati kuti akuzindikira thupi. Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zodabwitsa mdziko la njovu.
Ndi kutalika kwa 5 mpaka 8 mita, kukula kwa nyama iyi kumatha kufikira 3 kapena kuposa mita, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi matani 5 mpaka 7. Njovu zaku Africa ndizazikulu kuposa anzawo aku Asia. Thupi lalikulu limakhala ndi mutu waukulu mofanana ndi thunthu lalitali - chiwalo chopangidwa ndi mphuno yosakanikirana ndi mlomo wapamwamba.
Ndizosangalatsa!Chiwalo ichi chili ndi dongosolo lamphamvu la minofu ndi minyewa, chifukwa chake nyama zimaphwanya mitengo yazaka zana, zimasamutsa mitengo mosavuta kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo, koma zimathanso kulimbana ndi ntchito yodzikongoletsera: kutola ndalama, zipatso, ngakhale kujambula.
Thunthu limathandiza kuthana ndi ziwopsezo, kupeza chakudya, mothandizidwa ndi njovu kulumikizana. Ikuthyola masamba mumitengo kapena kuzula mphukira zazing'ono, mothandizidwa ndi thunthu, njovu imayika chakudya pakamwa pake, imakoka madzi, osati kungodzithirira yokha, komanso kuthira mkamwa mwake kuti imwe. Makutu akulu kwambiri amadzaza mitsempha, yomwe imathandizira kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi nthawi yotentha.
Njovu zosaona bwino kwambiri zimalipidwa ndi kumva kwabwino: kwa 100 km, nyama zimamva kugunda kwamabingu, "kumva" kuyandikira kwamvumbi. Ndipo mayendedwe amomwe makutu amafunikira njovu osati kuti "ziziziritsa" thupi, komanso kulumikizana - ndimakutu awo, njovu zimapereka moni kwa abale awo, ndipo amathanso kuchenjeza za kuukira kwa adani. Njovu zimatha kutulutsa mawu komanso kumva mawu, zimalumikizana pamtunda wautali.
Sizodabwitsa kuti nyamazi zimatchedwa khungu lakuda: khungu lawo limakula mpaka masentimita 3. Khungu lolimba, lamakwinya kwambiri limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lochepa, ndipo mtolo wawung'ono nthawi zambiri umakhala kumapeto kwa mchira. Miyendo ikufanana ndi mizati yayikulu pamapazi imakhala ndi phala lapadera lamafuta kuseri kwa zala zakulozetsa, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogawa kulemera kwake poyenda ndi kuthamanga. Nthawi zambiri, gulu la njovu limayenda pang'onopang'ono pofunafuna chakudya ndi madzi pa liwiro losaposa 6-8 km pa ola limodzi, koma zimathanso kuthamanga kwambiri, zimasambira mwangwiro. Njovu sizingolumpha - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha miyendo yawo.
Zoswana
Akazi amakula msinkhu ali ndi zaka 7, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti adzakhala mayi posachedwa. Nthawi zina zaka zomwezi zimadutsa njovu isanakonzekere kubala ana: okhawo omwe adapeza zolemera, nyama zamphamvu komanso zathanzi zimakhala makolo.
Gulu la amuna ndi akazi limayenda padera; pakati pa njovu, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza okonda kukhala panokha... Koma njovu zazimayi zimakonda kukhala moyo wawo wonse pakati pa "abwenzi". Njovu ikangokhala yokonzeka kukhala mayi ikawonekera m'deralo, yamphongo imaloledwa kuyandikira. Mukumenyana koopsa kuti akhale ndi mkazi, amuna amatha kupundula, kupha mdani. Pakadali pano, nkhanza zimapangitsa njovu kukhala zowopsa kwambiri.
Zododometsa za njovu sizimathera pamenepo. Osangokhala mphindi yakukonzekera kutenga pakati, komanso nthawi yolera, nyamazi zimatha kuwongolera. Ndikusakanikirana kosasangalatsa, kusowa kwa chakudya, kutsika kwakuthwa, kusowa kwazinthu zakukula bwino, chitukuko, kupsinjika pafupipafupi, mimba yoyamba njovu imatha kuchitika zaka 15 kapena 20. Mu ukapolo, nyama izi sizimaswana.
Mimba ya njovu imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Amakhulupirira kuti pamadalira nthawi yakubala mwana kukula kwake. Njovu yayikulu yaku Africa imatha pafupifupi zaka ziwiri m'mimba mwa mayi ake, ngakhale imapangidwa mokwanira ndipo ndi yokonzeka kubadwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Ndipo njovu zaku India (Asia) zimanyamula ana ochepera miyezi iwiri. Koma mimba iliyonse ndi kubadwa ndizosiyana.
Ndizosangalatsa!Kwa nthawi yonse yoyembekezera, kukula kwa mayi woyembekezera ndi mwana wake ndikofunikira, komanso zaka, zakudya, nyengo, komanso malo omwe gulu limakhala.
Mkazi azitha kutenga mimba nthawi yotsatira pokhapokha thupi litapulumuka, zimatenga zaka 4 - 5, nthawi zina zochulukirapo. Njovu imabereka njovu zosaposa 8 - 9 m'moyo wake.
Amayi, kulera ana
Akumva kuti kubereka kuli pafupi, mayi woyembekezera amasiya gulu lake, limodzi ndi njovu yakale, kuti adzimasule mwamtendere. Koma kuberekanso kumatha kuchitika mkati mwa bwalo pomwe nyama zimayimirira, zokonzeka kuteteza mayi ndi mwana wake pakagwa ngozi.
Mwana wanjovu (samakonda kubadwa mapasa) amabadwa atakhazikika, amalemera mpaka 100 kg, ndipo amakhala osachepera mita imodzi. Pasanathe ola limodzi, mwana wanjovu amatha kuimirira ndi miyendo ndikutsata gulu. Mwana amadya mkaka wa mayi, nadziphatika ku nsonga zamabele za njovu, zomwe zili pakati pa miyendo yakutsogolo. Ndipo akatopa paulendo wautali, mwanayo amayamba kugwira kapena kutikita miyendo yake yakumbuyo, kuti ayimitsidwe.
Mwana wanjovu amatha kudyetsedwa osati ndi amayi ake okha, komanso ndi wina aliyense amene ali ndi mkaka.... Ngakhale kuti njovu zimakhala ndi maudindo okhwima kwambiri, ana omwe amakhala mmenemo amalemekezedwa kwambiri, amasamalira aliyense ngati kuti ndi wawo. Gulu limatsogozedwa ndi wamkulu kwambiri, wamkazi wodziwa bwino ntchito, yemwe amatsogolera aliyense kumalo odyetserako ziweto kapena ku dzenje lothirira, amasankha nthawi yoti apumule kapena usiku.
Amuna satenga nawo gawo pakulera kwa ana, zovuta zonse zimatengedwa ndi akazi. Monga mwalamulo, mwana wamtovu amakhala pafupi ndi amayi ake, nthawi zambiri amayenda, atagwira kumchira ndi thunthu lake. Koma ngati kuli kotheka, akazi ena amusamaliranso - azidyetsa, kutonthoza, kuthandizira kuthana ndi zopinga panjira, kapena atha kumenya pang'ono ngati chilango.
Pozindikira zoopsa, njovu zimatha kuthamanga mwachangu. Koma gulu silidzasiya abale awo achichepere ndi amayi oyembekezera. Iwo azunguliridwa ndi bwalo lolimba momwe sipangakhale nyama yomwe ingawononge ana. Njovu zazikulu zili ndi adani ochepa, chofunikira kwambiri mwa iwo ndi anthu.
Zofunika!Kutulutsidwa kwa minyanga ya njovu kunabweretsa ziwetozi pafupifupi kuwononga kwathunthu - mano anali okwera mtengo kwambiri, ngakhale pano, njovu zikatchulidwa mu Red Book, izi sizimayimitsa osaka nyama.
Ana amphongo amakulira m'gulu la amayi mpaka zaka 7-10. Mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, amangodya mkaka wokha, kenako amayamba kulawa zakudya zolimba. Koma kudyetsa mkaka kumatenga zaka 2. Kenako m'badwo wachichepere umasintha kwathunthu kubzala zakudya. Njovu zazing'ono kwambiri, zomwe, monga ana onse, zimakonda kusewera, zimaipitsidwa, nthawi zina "zimalira" chifukwa cha kupweteka kapena kukwiya, zimasamaliridwa ndi njovu - achinyamata azaka zitatu mpaka 11 zakubadwa.
Ngati mwana alowa m'mavuto, kugwera mu dzenje kapena kutsekerezedwa mumipesa, aliyense amene ali pafupi adzayankha kuitana kwake. Popeza idalowetsa njovu ndi mitengo yake, imapulumutsidwa pamsampha. Kusamalira ana kumapitilira kwa zaka zingapo mpaka ataphunzira kuthana ndi mavuto pawokha.
Komabe, patadutsa zaka 10-12, amunawo amangothamangitsidwa m'gululi, osaloleza kutsatira zazikazi.... Nthawi zambiri amapitiliza ulendo wawo okha. Akazi achichepere amakhalabe m'banja mpaka ukalamba.
