Breed Newfoundland (Newfoundland) amadziwika ndi oweta agalu ambiri komanso omwe amasamalira agalu otchedwa "diver". Poyamba idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati galu wogwira ntchito ku Canada. Chikhalidwe cha mtunduwu ndi kupezeka kwapadera kwapakati pazala zakumapazi.
Mbiri ya komwe kunachokera
Malingaliro angapo amadziwika pokhudzana ndi komwe Newfoundland idachokera... Choyambirira kwambiri ndi mtundu womwe makolo akalewo anali otchedwa "agalu a chimbalangondo", obweretsedwa ndi Viking Leif Erickson ku chilumba cha Newfoundland.
Chosangalatsanso ndichakuti makolo a Newfoundland ndi ma mastiff a ku Tibetan. Inde, palibe umboni wachindunji wokhudza ubale wotere, ndipo palibe umboni wa sayansi womwe makolo akale a "osiyanasiyana" amakono adabwera ku North America kuchokera kudera la Tibet.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kupirira kwawo, kudzipereka kwawo, kudekha kwawo, komanso kuthekera kwawo kupirira nyengo zonse zovuta pachilumba cha Canada, Newfoundlands zamakono, mwina, chifukwa cha mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwoloka.
Lingaliro lodalirika kwambiri ndikuwonekera kwa mtunduwo pakukula kwachilengedwe kwathunthu kwa agalu aku Canada, omwe ali ndi malaya obiriwira komanso othamangitsa madzi.
Kutuluka kwa Newfoundland pankhaniyi kumachitika chifukwa chakuwoloka kwa agalu aku Canada okhala ndi mitundu monga Mastiffs, Molossos, Portuguese and Scottish Shepherds.
Maonekedwe, kufotokoza
Miyezo imapereka tsatanetsatane wazoyenera, kuchokera pamtundu wa mtundu, woimira, womwe uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi obereketsa ngati umboni. Masiku ano, oweta onse amatsogozedwa ndi mfundo zinayi zovomerezeka: English, American, Canada ndi FCI.
Maiko onse - mamembala a International Cynological Federation, m'zaka zaposachedwa akutsogoleredwa ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa muyezo wa FCI, kutengera njira zambiri kutengera zida za Canada.
Miyezo yobereka
Newfoundlands amadziwika kuti ndi agalu onyamula katundu komanso agalu amadzi omwe amayenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- thupi ndilophatikizana, ndipo msana ndi waukulu;
- mutu ndi wokulirapo, wokhala ndi chigaza chachikulu, wokhala ndi khokho lotseguka pang'ono komanso kukhalapo kwa protipuberi yotukuka yopanga bwino;
- mapazi amatchulidwa bwino, koma osawongoka, ndipo mphuno ndi yayikulu komanso yonyezimira bwino, mphuno zake zimapangidwa bwino;
- Mphuno ndi yaying'ono, yakuya komanso yayifupi, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi komanso lofewa, ndipo masaya ndi ofewa;
- kuluma kwa mtundu wowongoka kapena kuluma kwa lumo;
- maso ndi ochepa, otalikirapo komanso otambasula, oderapo kapena owala pang'ono;
- makutu osakulira kwambiri, amakona atatu, okhala ndi nsonga zokutidwa, zoyikidwa kumbuyo kwa chigaza;
- m'khosi ndi olimba mokwanira minyewa, popanda mame ochulukirapo;
- kumbuyo kwake kuli kotakata, ndi kumbuyo kokwanira kokwanira komanso kolimba bwino;
- croup ndiyotakata, ndikutsika kokhazikika kwa 30 °;
- miyendo yakutsogolo ndiyowongoka komanso yofanana, ndipo miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala ndi gawo lolimba, lotakata komanso lalitali m'chiuno;
- mchira ndi wolimba ndi wotakata kumunsi.
Mtunduwo umasiyanitsidwa ndi malaya awiri othamangitsira madzi, nthawi zina amakhala opepuka pang'ono komanso tsitsi lalitali pang'ono. Chovalacho ndi cholimba komanso chofewa.
Mitundu yakuda, yofiirira ndi yoyera-yakuda imaloledwa ndi miyezo... Kutalika kwapakatikati kwamwamuna wamkulu pofota ndi 70-71cm. Kutalika kwapakatikati kwa hule wamkulu pakufota ndi 65-66cm. Kulemera kwa galu ndi 67-68kg, ndipo hule ndi 53-54kg.
Khalidwe la Newfoundland
Kunja, Newfoundland imangowala "mokoma mtima" komanso modekha. Ngakhale amawoneka okongola kwambiri, ndi galu wokondwa komanso wanzeru, wodziwika chifukwa chofatsa komanso modekha.
Ku Newfoundland kwathunthu sikungokhala ndi zibadwa, koma imatha kupanga zisankho mosadalira nthawi zina. Mitunduyi imalemekezedwa kwambiri chifukwa chosakhala wankhanza kwa anthu ndi nyama zina.
Ndizosangalatsa! Asayansi atsimikizira kuti Newfoundlands nthawi zambiri amawona maloto, chifukwa chake, panthawi yopuma, chiweto chofufumitsa chimaluma, chimakanda ndi kugwedeza zikhomo zake, kapena, m'malo mwake, chimakondwera ndikugwedeza mchira wake.
Newfoundlands ndi osambira abwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake ali osangalala ndi mwayi uliwonse wogwiritsa ntchito madzi akumwa. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphunzitsa mwana wagalu kuyambira mphindi zoyambirira za mawonekedwe ake mnyumba.
Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kuwonetsa chiweto chanu kuti chipange akatswiri omwe angakuthandizeni kusintha khalidweli, komanso kupereka upangiri wothandiza pakusamalira ndi kulera ku Newfoundland.
Utali wamoyo
Nthawi yayitali ya galu wamkulu wokhala ndi thupi lamphamvu komanso lamphamvu komanso mayendedwe olumikizana bwino ndi zaka khumi zokha.
Komabe, monga momwe chizolowezi chosunga mtundu uwu kunyumba chikuwonetsera, ngakhale zolakwitsa zazing'ono posamalira nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiyembekezo cha moyo wa Newfoundland.
Zolemba ku Newfoundland kunyumba
Zilumba za Newfoundlands ndizosayenera kuzisunga m'nyumba zakunja kapena kumbuyo kwa maunyolo. Mtundu uwu, monga lamulo, umasungidwa m'nyumba kapena mnyumba yaboma yomwe ili ndi bwalo loyenda pafupipafupi.
Musanagule mwana wagalu, muyenera kudziwa bwino malamulo oyenera kuwusunga.... Ndikofunikira kuti mupatse chiweto chanu malo ogona ndi kupumula bwino, komanso kudya.
Nyumbayo iyenera kukhala ndi zida zothandizira ziweto, zida zofunika kusewera ndi kuchita, komanso zinthu zonse zogwiritsa ntchito ukhondo.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusamalira pafupipafupi komanso moyenera chovala chachitali cha Newfoundland. Ndikofunika kupukuta malaya tsiku ndi tsiku, pogwiritsa ntchito burashi ndi mtundu wolimba wa bristle. Chovalacho chimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera panthawi yokhetsa.
Kuti musaphwanye chovala choteteza pa malaya ndi khungu la ziweto, m'pofunika kupewa kusamba galu pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka mwa kuchiza ubweya waubweya ndi ma shampu apadera owuma.
Makutu amayesedwa sabata iliyonse, ndipo ngati madera ofiira ofiira amapezeka, chimbudzi chimatsukidwa bwino ndi padi ya thonje wothira chlorhexidine, pambuyo pake khungu limadzaza ndi synthomycin emulsion.
Kuti muchotse timadzi timene timapezeka m'maso, gwiritsani ntchito gauze wothiridwa m'madzi oyera kapena mafuta apadera a mankhwala.
Misomaliyo imadulizidwa pafupipafupi kuti zithandizire kupanga metacarpus ndi zala zakumapazi... Muyeneranso kuwonetsetsa ukhondo wamano. Poyeretsa, amagwiritsira ntchito mapepala osakaniza osakaniza komanso mabotolo a mano, komanso amachotsa kuchotsa chikwangwani m'mano. Madontho a tartar amachotsedwa kuchipatala cha ziweto.
Zofunika! Ngakhale kuti kusamba ku Newfoundland nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosatheka, kuyambira ali aang'ono chiweto chimayenera kuphunzitsidwa zaukhondo, kuphatikizapo kutsuka zikhomo pambuyo poyenda ndikupukuta mkamwa ndi nsalu yonyowa mukatha kudya.
Momwe mungadyetse Newfoundland
Ambiri oweta agalu posachedwapa akhala akugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chokonzekera kudyetsa ziweto, zomwe zingaperekedwe ku Newfoundland osati zowuma zokha, komanso zodzozedwera m'madzi wamba kapena msuzi. Kuti mumvetsetse koyambirira kwa zakudya, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchokera kwa woweta mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mwana wagalu amakonda. Zachidziwikire, mutha kusamutsira galu ku mtundu wina wa chakudya, koma kusintha kwakadyerero kotere kuyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono.
Zofunika! Kumbukirani kuti mukamadyetsa chiweto chanu chowuma, galu ayenera kupatsidwa madzi osamwa omasuka.
Chiwerengero chakudyetsa komanso kuchuluka kwakadyedwe kumasiyanasiyana kutengera msinkhu wa chiweto:
- ana agalu kuyambira miyezi iwiri kapena inayi amapatsidwa chakudya kasanu patsiku;
- ana agalu kuyambira miyezi inayi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amapatsidwa chakudya kanayi patsiku;
- ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi itatu, chakudya chimaperekedwa katatu patsiku;
- chiweto choposa miyezi isanu ndi itatu chimatha kusinthidwa ndikudya kawiri patsiku.
Zakudya zopangidwa okonzeka ndizosiyana kwambiri, koma kutengera magulu azigawo ndi mawonekedwe ake, atha kuperekedwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana.
Newfoundland amathanso kudyetsedwa ndi zakudya wamba zachilengedwe, koma pakadali pano, muyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa chakudya, komanso kulinganiza zinthu zonse ndikuwerengera kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi michere.
Zogulitsa zonse ziyenera kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri, osati zonenepa komanso zatsopano... Ndikofunikira kudyetsa chiweto, mosasamala kanthu za kulemera ndi msinkhu, ola limodzi mutabwerako kokayenda.
Matenda ndi zofooka za mtundu
Kupatuka kulikonse pamiyeso yamtundu kumatengedwa ngati zolakwika. Zoyipa zazikulu za Newfoundland ndizo:
- miyendo yayitali;
- kumasuka kapena kupepuka kwa fupa;
- nkhanza kapena mantha;
- mutu wopapatiza ndi mphuno yayitali kapena yosongoka;
- maso ozungulira kapena otuluka achikasu ndi chikope chachitatu chowoneka;
- wobisalira, wofooka kapena wobwerera mmbuyo;
- mchira waufupi kapena wautali kwambiri wokhala ndi makinki kapena ma curls kumapeto.
Kulepheretsa zolakwika kumaphatikizaponso kusakhazikika mtima, zopindika ndi nsagwada zosasunthika, chovala chachifupi kwambiri komanso chosalala, mtundu wolakwika. Mwamuna ayenera kukhala ndi machende otukuka bwino omwe amatsikira kumtundu.
Newfoundlands amakhalanso ndi vuto la matenda ena amitundu, omwe amaimiridwa ndi:
- dysplasia wa m`chiuno mafupa, amene anatsagana ndi matenda chitukuko cha olowa ndipo akhoza kukhala mbali imodzi kapena mayiko awili. Mitundu yovuta kwambiri imadziwika ndikuchotsa kwathunthu kwa mutu wachikazi kuchokera ku acetabulum;
- matenda a mtima wamtundu wa aortic stenosis. Cholowa chochepa cha kutsegula kwa aortic chimalepheretsa magazi kutuluka. Monga lamulo, zizindikilo zoyambirira za matendawa zimawonekera pa chiweto chili ndi miyezi itatu kapena kupitirirapo;
- matenda amaso mwa mawonekedwe otembenuzira chikope mkati kapena kunja. Mbali yoyamba, diso limavulazidwa ndi nsidze, zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha zotupa, ndipo chithandizochi chitha kungopanga opaleshoni. Kupindika kwakunja kumatha kubadwa kapena kupezeka, koma kumafunikiranso kuchitira opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, eni Newfoundland amakumana ndi kufalikira kwa chikope chachitatu, chomwe chimatsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu pakona lamkati lamkati;
- panostitis kapena kutupa kowawa kwa mafupa aatali. Matendawa amadziwika bwino ngati kuphulika kwapakati kapena kupweteka kwakukula. Panostitis safuna chithandizo ndipo imatha msinkhu yokha.
Nthawi zambiri ndipo pafupifupi mosasamala zaka, Newfoundlands amavutika ndi zotupa kapena kukulira kwam'mimba. Matendawa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti torsion, amatsagana ndi kukulira kwam'mimba chifukwa cha gasi kapena madzi.
Kulephera kupereka chisamaliro cha ziweto munthawi yake kumatha kubweretsa kufa kwa chiweto. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matendawa, m'pofunika kupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, musanadye chakudya chokha, komanso mukangodya. Ndikofunikanso kuti musamamwe galu wanu mopambanitsa.
Gulani Newfoundland
Ndikofunika kupeza mwana wagalu wa ku Newfoundland ali ndi zaka chimodzi ndi theka kapena miyezi iwiri... Pamsinkhu uwu, chiweto chimawoneka ngati chaching'ono, chosachita manyazi, chofuna kudziwa zambiri komanso chotseguka kulumikizana chimakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna. Kulemera kwa mwana wagalu pamwezi pafupifupi 5 kg, pa miyezi iwiri - 10-12 makilogalamu, ndipo miyezi itatu ikafika 15-18 kg.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Ngati mukufuna kutenga nawo gawo ndi chiweto chanu pazowonetsa kapena kuchita kuswana, ndiye kuti choyamba muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zidziwitso zakunja kapena zotchedwa kunja kwa mwana wagalu, komanso makolo ake.
Pali zovuta zingapo zomwe zitha kulepheretsa ziweto kupita mphete. Zinthu zoyipa izi ndi izi:
- mantha ndi ndewu;
- kupezeka kwa chotukuka kapena pansi;
- kupezeka kwa nsagwada zopotoka
- chovala chachifupi kwambiri komanso chosalala.
Makanda okonzedwa ayenera kuwoneka bwino-bwino komanso oyera, odyetsedwa bwino komanso otakataka... Ana agalu athanzi ayenera kukhala ndi malaya onyezimira, maso ndi makutu oyera, ndipo azikhala opanda zotupa kapena zokanda. Mimbayo siyenera kukokedwa kwambiri kapena kutupa kwambiri.
Ana agalu oyera a Newfoundland amatha kukhala ndi utoto wakuda, wakuda ndi woyera kapena wabulauni (bronze kapena chokoleti).
Gray Newfoundlands, malinga ndi malamulo a RKF, saloledwa kutenga nawo mbali pazowonetsa ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuswana. Ana agalu oterewa amalandila chidindo chapadera "chinyama chokhala ndi mtundu wosadziwika ndi FCI"
Zofunika! kumbukirani kuti ana agalu onse a ku Newfoundland, atakwanitsa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zakubadwa, ayenera kuyezetsa mtima stenosis, kotero wowetayo ayenera kupatsa wogula zotsatira za mayeso oterowo.
Mtengo wa agalu ku Newfoundland
Mtengo wapakati wagalu wa Newfoundland umasiyanasiyana kutengera msinkhu wake, kusowa kwamitundu, kalasi ndi jenda. Ana agalu otsika mtengo "Pet-class" ndi "Brid-class" amagulitsidwa ndi ziweto zapakhomo pamtengo wa ma ruble 15,000-20,000. Nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira komanso zikulonjeza kuti zidzawonetsa ntchito zowonetserako nthawi zonse zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengo wokwera.
Ndemanga za eni
Malinga ndi oweta Newfoundland ndi osamalira agalu, mtundu uwu ndi wa gulu lachiweto komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Wanyama wamiyendo inayi nthawi zonse amafunika kulumikizana, kuwoneka bwino komanso kulumikizana, komanso kulumikizana kwamaganizidwe osati ndi eni ake okha, komanso agalu ena.
Newfoundlands, ngakhale atakalamba, amakonda kusewera ndi kuthamanga, kukhala ndi malingaliro okangalika ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mpaka masiku omaliza amoyo. Mtundu uwu ndiosavuta kuphunzira osati malamulo oyambira okha, komanso zidule zovuta.
Eni ake ambiri ku Newfoundland amalola ziweto zawo zamiyendo inayi kunyamula zikwama zowala m'mano awo, komanso kunyamula ana m'nyengo yozizira. Galu wotere amasangalala kuyang'anira ana osati m'matawuni okha, komanso m'chilengedwe, makamaka pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mtundu wachibadwidwe wa chidwi ungakhalenso chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osangalatsa a mtunduwo.
Kuyambira ali aang'ono, Newfoundlands amakonda kwambiri kuyenda, ndipo amasangalalanso ndi anzawo omwe angowadziwana nawo kumene. Simungasunge Newfoundland kwa nthawi yayitali padzuwa kapena mchipinda chochulukirapo, chopanda mpweya, monga momwe ziliri ndikuti chiwopsezo cha galu kupeza dzuwa kapena kupwetekedwa ndi kutentha kumawonjezeka kangapo.
Mtundu wa Newfoundland ndi galu wodabwitsa, wanzeru kwambiri, wodekha komanso wokhulupirika yemwe ali woyenera mabanja omwe ali ndi ana komanso aliyense amene amakonda zosangalatsa.
Ubweya wa galu wotere umagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zovala zofunda zomwe zimathandiza kuthana ndi matenda olumikizana.... Komabe, munthu ayenera kukumbukira za kukula kwakukulu kwa chiweto chotere, chifukwa chake, chifukwa chokhala m'nyumba zazing'ono, iyi si njira yabwino kwambiri yoperekera mtundu.
