Ndi bwino kuti musakumane ndi matenda monga distemper mu amphaka kapena panleukopenia kwenikweni. Nyama ili ndi malungo, kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza kumaoneka, mtima, ubongo ndi ziwalo zopumira zimalephera - amphaka 10 mwa 100 okha omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo.
Amphaka ati omwe ali pachiwopsezo
Chinyama chachikulire (mpaka zaka 6) chokhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu chamthupi chimakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda opatsiranawa. Thupi lokalamba limatha kulimbana ndi matenda, kuphatikiza ma virus, ndichifukwa chake masharubu amangogwera m'dera langozi nthawi yayitali kuyambira zaka 6 mpaka 8.
Gulu lachiwopsezo lachiwiri likukula ana amphaka azaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 12 miyezi... Ngati panleukopenia ikupezeka mu mphaka woyembekezera, musayembekezere kukhala ndi ana: amphaka adzabadwa opanda moyo kapena mwana wosabadwayo adzafera m'mimba (idzasungunuka, kusungunuka, idzatuluka ngati padera).
Popeza kuti matendawa safuna kuyandikira pafupi ndi amene wonyamula kachilomboka koopsa, bwalo limodzi ndi mphaka woweta akhoza kumugwira.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhazikika panthaka pamodzi ndi mkodzo, ndowe ndi zinsinsi zina za thupi za amphaka odwala / atachira. Nyama yathanzi imatenga kachilomboka pomwa madzi a m'kapu imodzi, komanso kuyenda paudzu pomwe mphaka wodwalayo amasochera, kapena kununkhiza chopondapo chake.
Kachilomboka kali ndi njira zina zolowera mthupi:
- intrauterine (kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana wosabadwayo);
- kudzera mkaka wa m'mawere;
- mothandizidwa ndi utitiri;
- kuchokera kwa mwiniwake yemwe adalumikizana ndi nyama yodwala ndipo sanasambe m'manja mwake;
- kudzera mu zinthu zomwe nyama yokhudzidwayo yakhudza.
Sizingatheke kuti kachilomboko kabweretsedwa mnyumba limodzi ndi nsapato za bambo ndi buluku, zomwe "amatha" mumsewu.
Zizindikiro zakusokonekera kwa mphaka ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda opatsirana a gastroenteritis kapena feline distemper zidzakhala:
- kutentha (mpaka madigiri 41);
- kukana madzi ndi chakudya;
- maso olowa;
- kufooka;
- kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza;
- chovala chofewa;
- khungu lowuma.
Amphaka amataya chidwi ndi dziko lapansi ndipo amayesa kubisala m'makona obisika. Nyama yodwala malungo imakhazikika pansi, kapena kugona pamimba, kutambasula miyendo yake ndikuponyanso mutu wake kumbuyo.
Kupuma kovuta kumalepheretsa mphaka waludzu kumwa. Mamina am'mimba amatembenukira kubuluu, amayamba kupuma ndi pakamwa pake. Chifuwa chouma chimakhala chofala chifukwa cha mavuto amtima. Ndowe, monga m'masanzi ake, kuda kwa magazi kumaonekera.
Kawirikawiri, imfa imachitika pambuyo pa maola oyamba a matenda.
Mitundu ya matenda
Parvovirus yokhala ndi dzina lalitali lachilatini lotchedwa Virus panleukopenia feline (FPV) ndiyomwe imayambitsa vuto la feline distemper. Amasiyanitsa ndi mphamvu zake zodabwitsa, osasinthika kwakunja kwa chaka chimodzi.... Ndikukhazikika ndi moyo wautali wa tizilomboto komwe kumalola kuti izipezere wokha zatsopano.
Zofunika! Virus panleukopenia feline samagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa acidity kuchokera pa pH 3.0 mpaka pH 9.0, sichiwonongeka ikatenthedwa kwa ola limodzi mpaka 60 ° C, imalimbana ndi chisanu, siyiyankha trypsin, pepsin, komanso chloroform ndi diethyl ether.
Monga matenda ambiri amtundu wa ma virus, feline distemper imatha kutenga imodzi mwanjira zitatu:
- lakuthwa kwambiri (mphezi mwachangu);
- lakuthwa;
- Subacute.
Choyamba, tizilomboto timalowa m'matumbo ang'ono, m'mafupa ndi m'mitsempha, ndipo pambuyo pake timakhala pafupifupi thupi lonse.
Gawo lamphezi
Amakonda kwambiri ana amphaka osakwanitsa miyezi 12 ndipo amadziwika ndi izi:
- ulesi ndi mphwayi;
- miyendo yonjenjemera;
- kusafuna kusuntha;
- kusinkhasinkha kovuta;
- mtundu waubweya wosalala (womata);
- kukana kudya / kumwa;
- kusowa chochita kwa amayi ako.
Dongosolo lamanjenje likawonongeka, zizindikilo zofananira ndi za chiwewe zimawonjezedwa pamndandanda: chiweto chimachita mantha ndikamveka kwina kulikonse, chimakwawa m'makona obisika kwambiri, chikuwopa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kuwala konse.
Patapita kanthawi, chizindikirocho chikuwonjezeredwa ndi masanzi ndi thovu lachikaso ndi zotchinga (kutsekula m'mimba) ndi fungo la fetid. Nthawi zina, ndowe zimasakanikirana ndi magazi.
Gawo labwino
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amphaka omwe ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu chamthupi. Nyama zoterezi, matendawa amawonekera motere:
- kutentha kumatumphukira mpaka madigiri 41;
- chidwi pa zomwe zikuchitika chimazimiririka;
- mphaka amagona pafupifupi nthawi zonse;
- amapuma kwambiri ndikukana chakudya;
- mphaka amasanza ndi thovu lobiriwira / lachikaso, pomwe pambuyo pake (pambuyo pa maola 36-48) tinthu tamagazi timayang'aniridwa;
- Kutsekula m'madzi kumawonekera.
Pakapita kanthawi, kutentha kumatsikira mpaka madigiri a 37: mitengo yotsika nthawi zambiri imawonetsa kufa kwakanthawi. Kulephera kwa mtima kumatha kukula. Ngati dongosolo la kupuma likukhudzidwa, zizindikiro izi zimawonjezedwa:
- kutuluka kwakukulu kuchokera m'mphuno;
- maso ndi madzi ofiira;
- kumveka kumveka pachifuwa;
- mphuno yotentha;
- chifuwa;
- Kutupa kwa khungu, komwe kumadzaza mafinya pang'onopang'ono (kawirikawiri).
Mphaka ali ndi njala kwambiri, koma samamwa chifukwa cha kupindika kwa kholingo ndi kupweteka m'mimba.
Zofunika! Ngati chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana a gastroenteritis sichiyamba pa nthawi, sipadutsa sabata limodzi kuchokera kuzizindikiro zoyambirira mpaka kufa kwa mphaka wodwala. Nyama yomwe idapulumuka imasungabe chitetezo chomwe idapeza kwa feline distemper kwa zaka zingapo.
Subacute siteji
Poganizira za kufalikira kwa kuchira, iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yamatenda amtundu wa ma virus, momwe ziwonetsero zonse zazikulu za distemper zimawonekera, koma zowonekera bwino.
Nyama zosagonjetsedwa, zotetezedwa kapena zachitsulo mwachilengedwe, zimadutsa mawonekedwe amtunduwu. Ndi mankhwala oyenera, panleukopenia imakhala ndi zovuta zochepa, ndipo ma tetrapod amachira msanga.
Diagnostics ndi chithandizo
Nthawi yosakaniza ya feline distemper (mosasamala mawonekedwe ake) imatenga masiku awiri mpaka 10. Koma kale m'masiku oyamba a matenda a nyama, tizilomboti timapezeka m'zimbudzi zake, ndikufika pamitengo yayikulu tsiku lachitatu.
Kukhazikitsa matenda
Mu chipatala, mufunika kufotokozera dokotala zizindikilo zonse za feline malaise, pambuyo pake atenga zotulutsa zam'mphuno, magazi ndi ndowe za mphaka wodwala pamaphunziro a labotale.
Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zotanthauza kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ma leukocyte (maselo oyera amwazi)... Kuyezetsa magazi kuphatikiza virological, kuphatikiza zisonyezo zambiri, kumapereka chithunzi cholondola cha matendawa. Chikhulupiriro chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri, kumenya nkhondo yolimbana ndi matendawa kudzakhala kothandiza kwambiri.
Chithandizo
Mankhwala apadziko lonse olimbana ndi panleukopenia (chifukwa cha mphamvu yayikulu ya kachilomboka) sanapangidwebe. Njira zovuta zimathandizira kuthana ndi distemper: choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a etiotropic kuwononga FPV, ndipo, kachiwiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachepetsa zizindikilo zazikulu.
Sizachilendo kuti akatswiri azachipatala azikonda kwambiri phosprenil (mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) omwe amapatsidwa mankhwalawa mosadukiza kwa milungu iwiri.
Zofunika! M'masiku oyamba, chinyama chimayenera kukhala ndi jakisoni osachepera 4 patsiku, koma pang'onopang'ono chiwerengero chawo chimabweretsedwa ku jekeseni 1 patsiku. Mlingo amawerengedwa ndi kulemera kwa wodwalayo: 0,2 ml imaperekedwa kwa paka yolemera 1 kg, 0,5 ml - yolemera 1 mpaka 5 kg.
Mofananamo, kamodzi patsiku (kwa sabata), mphaka amalandira enterostat: 20 mg pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi.
Chithandizo cha Symptomatic chakonzedwa kuti muchepetse ziwonetsero zonse zofooka za matenda. Amadalira calcium chloride kuti athane ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi. Rieger kapena rehydron amathandizira kusiya kusanza ndikuthana ndi kuledzera: nthawi zina ufa umasungunuka ndi shuga, komanso kuwonjezera soda pang'ono. Masana, wodwalayo ayenera kumwa madzi pamlingo wa 50 ml / kg.
Kuti achotse poizoni yemwe amapeza, amapita kuchipatala pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okodzetsa, mwachitsanzo, masamba a lingonberry, bearberry ndi horsetail, pomwe ma decoctions amakonzedwa. Musaiwale za mavitamini othandizira ndi kukonzekera komwe kumathandizira kusowa kwa iron (ursoferran kapena ferrodextran).
Katemera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambitsa njira zamagetsi (masiku osachepera 7)... No-shpa ndi dibazol amafunikira kuti achepetse kupweteka ndikuchepetsa kupuma. Pofuna kupewa matenda achiwiri a bakiteriya, maantibayotiki amaperekedwa munthawi yonse yamankhwala.
Kupha tizilombo
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito madzi odzola (sodium hypochlorite solution) ndi nyali ya UV. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito gaseous formaldehyde ndi soda phulusa losakanizidwa m'madzi (gawo limodzi la soda mpaka magawo 20 amadzi) kupewetsa tizilombo ta zipinda, mabedi amphaka ndi mbale.
Simungachite popanda kuyeretsa konyowa mchipinda chomwe nyama yodwalayo igona (mpaka kangapo patsiku). Musaiwale za mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse, pomwe wodwala amasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda china.
Pangani kutentha kwa mpweya mu "ward" ya convalescent, mwachangu chotsani masanzi ndi ndowe. Onetsetsani kuti mphaka sakuwonekera padzuwa. Tsukani maso ake munthawi yake, kuchotsa kutuluka kwamatumbo ndi swab yothira mankhwala amadzimadzi.
Zakudya
Chakudya chikangobwerera ku chiwetocho, amapatsidwa tebulo lazakudya lomwe limakhala ndi chakudya chochepa chazakudya chambiri chambiri chambiri. Pa tsiku loyamba, mphaka amapatsidwa supuni ya tiyi ya chakudya, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera gawo (tsiku lililonse - kawiri).
Zakudya zolimbikitsidwa kuchira nyama:
- zopangira mkaka (yogurt, kanyumba kotsika mafuta, kefir);
- mafuta ochepa msuzi + wothira rusk yoyera;
- nyama yophika yophika ng'ombe ndi nsomba (osati kale kuposa tsiku lachitatu).
Sikoletsedwa kugula chakudya chopangidwa kale chokonzedwa ndi amphaka omwe ali ndi vuto lakugaya chakudya. M'masiku oyambirira, chakudya cha paka chimayenera kukhala chopepuka (makamaka chosenda) ndi kutentha. Muyenera kudyetsa masharubu nthawi zambiri kuposa masiku onse: 5-6 pa tsiku.
Zofunika! Zakudya zoletsedwa ndizophatikizira zakudya zosaphika zilizonse, kuphatikiza ndiwo zamasamba, zitsamba ndi zipatso. Atachira komaliza, zakudyazi siziyenera kuoneka pazakudya za mphaka kwa mwezi umodzi (koma makamaka ziwiri).
Njira zodzitetezera
Katemera amapangidwa kuti ateteze nyama ku kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa. Osatemera amphaka ofooka, odwala, apakati komanso oyamwa. Popeza kuti mphonda ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri, amatemera katemera kuyambira miyezi iwiri. Katemera amafunsidwanso kwa masiku 21. Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito katemera wa poly- kapena monovalent, mwachitsanzo, Nobivac, Multifel, Quadricet, Feliniff, ndi zina zotero.
Nyama yokhwima pogonana imalandira katemera chaka chilichonse, itatha mvula (pafupifupi masiku 14 isanakwane katemera). Izi ndizofunikira kuti muchotse mphutsi zomwe zimawononga thupi la mphaka, ndikukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino za katemera.
Njira zodzitetezera zimaphatikizapo kuwononga zinthu zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mphaka yemwe ali ndi kachilombo. Ngati chiweto chanu chafa ndi panleukopenia, musabweretse china chatsopano mnyumba kwa chaka chimodzi.
Zotsatira zakusokonekera kwa amphaka
Nthawi zambiri, matenda omwe amawoneka kuti amachiritsidwa amasiya mawonekedwe ake mthupi la mphaka, zomwe zimatha kukhala zolephera kwanthawi yayitali pantchito yaminyewa yam'mimba, ziwalo zopumira komanso dongosolo lamanjenje. Amphaka ena amakakamizidwa kutsatira zakudya zochepa pamoyo wawo wonse.
Zowopsa kwa anthu
Chokhacho chokhacho chokhudza feline distemper ndi chitetezo chake kwa anthu. Zowona, omalizawa amatha kukhala ngati onyamula kachilomboka pazinthu zawo, kuphatikizapo nsapato ndi zovala zakunja.
Omwe ali ndi amphaka angapo ayenera kusamala kwambiri: ngati m'modzi wa iwo adwala matenda opatsirana am'mimba, amakhala yekhayekha ndikuwikidwa payokha.
