Guppy (Poesilia reticulata) amatanthauza nsomba za viviparous zamadzi oyera. Chikhalidwe chake ndi kupezeka kwa kutanthauzira kwakanthawi kogonana, kotero ngakhale wamadzi wosadziwa amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, omwe samasiyana pakukula kokha, komanso mawonekedwe amthupi ndi utoto.
Guppy nsomba kuthengo
Nsomba za Guppy ndizofala kuthengo, chifukwa chakukhala kwawo kwakukulu komanso kudzichepetsa... Nsomba zoyamba zidabweretsedwa ku Europe mmbuyo mu 1866, ndipo adadzipatsa dzina lawo polemekeza dokotala komanso wansembe wotchuka waku England - Robert Guppy.
Maonekedwe ndi kufotokoza
Guppy wamwamuna wazachilengedwe amakhala ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri, womwe umasiyana ndi wamkazi. Komabe, mwachilengedwe, mtundu wa guppy uli kutali kwambiri ndi mitundu yonse yam'madzi yam'madzi yopangidwa ndi kusankha.
Akazi ndi amuna amadziwika ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu, kukula, mawonekedwe amthupi ndi zipsepse.
Kufalitsa ndi malo okhala
A Guppies amapezeka kuzilumba za Trinidad ndi Tobago, komanso gawo la South America, kuphatikiza Venezuela, Guiana ndi Brazil. Malo okhala achilengedwe nthawi zambiri amakhala amadzi oyera komanso oyenda, koma mitundu ina imakonda kukhazikika m'madzi am'mbali mwa nyanja. Chakudyacho chimakhala ndi nyongolotsi, mphutsi, ma virus a magazi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, chifukwa chake ma guppies amadzaza malo okhala ndi udzudzu wambiri wa anopheles.
Mitundu ya Guppy
Pakadali pano, pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu ya ana agalu, yomwe imatha kusiyanasiyana pakuwoneka kwawo:
- ana achikale ofiyira ofiira komanso amtundu wabuluu;
- chophimba kapena plume guppy, yoyimiriridwa ndi emarodi, mitundu yakuda, mitundu yakuda-yamiyala;
- guppy wovala mpango wokhala ndi mpango wopindika ngati mpango ndi kumapeto kwa mchira;
- Moscow wobiriwira wosalala ndi mini wobiriwira wosalala guppy;
- velvet pamphasa guppy, carnation guppy ndi Spanish guppy;
- Berlin ya mchira wofiira kapena guppy wakuda, yoyimiriridwa ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu yapakati;
- guppy wozungulira;
- riboni guppy wokhala ndi mchira woyambirira;
- riboni-mpango wofiira ndi nsalu yoboola pakati yopindika;
- kambuku kapena guppy wakuda wakuda;
- guppy wonenedwanso komanso guppy wagolide.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, guppy wokongola kwambiri wa emerald kapena Winner's guppy, komanso golide wa emerald golide, adadziwika kwambiri ndi akatswiri am'madzi. Nawonso nsomba zotchuka zokhala ndi mbali zazitali, zokulitsidwa, zakuthambo zopachikidwa pambali, za mtundu wa Scarf guppy.
Kusunga ana agalu kunyumba
Nsomba za viviparous zimakhala ndi thupi lokhathamira, ndipo, pamodzi ndi mollies ndi ma plati, ndi am'banja lalikulu lomwe limakhalapo. Akazi a Aquarium ndi akulu kwambiri, okhala ndi thupi mpaka 30-60mm kutalika... Kutalika kwa thupi lamwamuna, monga lamulo, kumasiyana pakati pa 15-35mm. Mitundu yosazolowereka yosazolowereka mu ukapolo ndi yayikulu kuposa abale awo achilengedwe.
Ndizosangalatsa!Guppies ndi viviparous fish, chifukwa chake, panthawi yobadwa, mwachangu zonse zimapangidwa mokwanira ndikugwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa ma ciliates, komanso chakudya chochepa.
Zofunikira za Aquarium
Asanakhazikitse ana agalu munyanja yatsopano yam'madzi, nsomba ziyenera kusinthidwa bwino. Kusintha kwakuthwa kwambiri kapena kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu pamtundu wamadzi kumatha kuwononga chiweto chokongola modabwitsa.
Pafupifupi, nsomba imodzi m'madzi ayenera kukhala ndi malita awiri kapena atatu amadzi. Kuunikira kosavuta kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa maola 10-12 patsiku, ndipo kusowa kwa kuwala kumatha kukhala komwe kumayambitsa kufooka kwa msana ndi matenda ena. Ndikofunika kusankha mbewu zam'madzi ndi masamba ofewa komanso ang'onoang'ono ngati zomera. Hornwort ndi Elodea ndi abwino, komanso Indian fern wamadzi. Akatswiri odziwa zamadzi amakonda Vallisneria mwauzimu ndi nitella wanzeru.
Zofunikira zamadzi
N'zotheka kusunga nsomba zokongola komanso zosaneneka m'madzi otentha okha, okhala ndi kutentha kwa madzi kwa 22-26zaC. Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, nsomba zotere zimatha kuzolowera bwino kuti zizitha kutentha kwambiri pamlingo wa 19-29zaKUCHOKERA.
Monga momwe ziwonetsero zikuwonetsera, magawo amadzi am'madzi a aquarium siofunikira, chifukwa cha kusinthika kwachangu kwa guppy kukhala kwatsopano, osati mkhalidwe womasuka kwambiri womangidwa. Magawo abwino osungira aquarium ndi pH acidity m'mayunitsi 7.0-7.2 okhala ndi zovuta za dH zama unit 12-15.
Kusamalira nsomba za Guppy
Kusamalira guppy sikuli kovuta konse. Ndikokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chokwanira komanso chokwanira kudyetsa nsomba zam'malo otentha, komanso kuyeretsa mwadongosolo ndikusintha pang'ono madzi am'madzi a mu aquarium.
Guppies, ngakhale atakhala amtundu wanji, amakonda kukhala oyera komanso oyera, pafupipafupi, koma osintha pang'ono pang'ono madzi pang'ono. Kusunga zakale, popanda madzi am'madzi am'madzi osinthidwa nthawi zonse ndicho chifukwa chachikulu chodumulira zipsepse mumitundu yonse yophimba.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zakudya
Ana agalu ali mgulu la nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi, zomwe zimayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chochepa cha nyama ndi zomera. Nthawi zambiri, protozoa ndi rotifers amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.... Zakudya zotsala zomwe sanadye ziyenera kuchotsedwa mu aquarium pafupifupi ola limodzi mutadyetsa. Chakudya chimaperekedwa theka la ora mutayatsa nyali.
Zofunika!Nsomba zazikulu zimafuna masiku angapo osala sabata iliyonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ana otentha azitha kuyenda komanso kukhala athanzi pamoyo wawo wonse.
Amakhala oyenera kudyetsa Philodina ndi Asplanch, komanso ma crustaceans, omwe amaimiridwa ndi Cyclops, Daphnia ndi mphutsi za udzudzu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma annelids, nyongolotsi zazing'ono, tubifex, aulophorus ndi neuston, komanso zomera monga chlorella ndi spirulina. Amchere am'madzi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nsomba zowuma zapamwamba kwambiri, zopatsa thanzi za guppy. Mwamuna aliyense wamkulu, tiziromboti tating'ono tating'ono tomwe timayenera kugawidwa tsiku lililonse. Mulingo wazakudya zazimayi ndi pafupifupi ma virus a magazi.
Kuswana ndi kubereka ana
Nthawi ya bere la mkazi imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kutentha kwa madzi am'madzi a mu aquarium, koma, monga lamulo, ndi milungu itatu kapena kupitilira mwezi umodzi, pambuyo pake kuyambira mazira khumi mpaka mazana awiri amabadwa. Nsomba zimabadwa mwezi uliwonse ndi theka.
Ndizosangalatsa!Pali milandu yodziwika bwino yokhudza kubadwa kwa mwachangu ngakhale patatha chaka chimodzi mutakwatirana ndi wamwamuna, chifukwa chake, pofuna kuswana, ndi akazi okhaokha kapena anamwali omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amaleredwa okha ndi amuna.
Kwa masiku khumi oyamba, ana obadwa amafunika kuti azisungidwa mu jig yapadera, pambuyo pake amayenera kuwasamutsira kuchidebe chokulirapo. Ali ndi mwezi umodzi, aquarist ali ndi mwayi wosiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi, omwe amadziwika ndi mdima wamba kudera lansana. Momwe zinthu zilili kunyumba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tilepheretse kubereka ana osagwiritsa ntchito ana, chifukwa chake, anthu onse ayenera kupatukana ndi kugonana.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina
Kuti mupitirize kuswana ana agalu omwe anabadwira ku ukapolo, muyenera kukonzekera nyanja yamchere yokhala ndi zomera zambiri. Nsomba zazing'ono komanso zoyenda pamtendere ndizamtendere ndipo zimatha kukhala limodzi ndi nsomba zina zosakhala zankhanza. Ndizosatheka kusankha nsomba iliyonse yofulumira, kuphatikiza ma barb, ngati bwenzi la guppies.
A Guppies amayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi nsomba khumi zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zodziwika bwino pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi.... Amakonda kukhala pagulu kumtunda ndi kumtunda kwa madzi am'madzi a mu aquarium, chifukwa chake nsomba zapabanja la haracin, makonde ndi ma neon, komanso mabwato ndi nkhanu zapakatikati, zimakhala oyandikana nawo.
Utali wamoyo
Nsomba zazing'ono zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa 40-50mm. Amuna nthawi zonse amakhala ocheperako kuposa akazi, koma nthawi yayitali ya guppy, nthawi zambiri, siyidutsa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, ndipo kukula ndi malo okhala m'madzi ofunda kumathandizira kufulumira kwa kagayidwe kake ndi kuchepa kwakanthawi m'moyo.
Komwe mungagule ma guppies, mtengo
Ana agalu azaka zilizonse ndi mitundu amatha kugulidwa m'sitolo yogulitsa ziweto komanso kwa oweta ambiri wamba. Pogula nsomba zaku aquarium monga guppy, ndikofunikira kulingalira za mulingo woyenera wa kuchuluka kwa amuna ndi akazi, zomwe ziyenera kukhala chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
Mtengo umadalira kukula, zaka, mtundu wa mtundu. Mwachitsanzo, ana agalu amtchire a Endler P. wingei amawononga ma ruble 100-110, ndipo guppies aku Japan P. resticulata lupanga labuluu amagulitsidwa pamtengo wa ma ruble 90-95. Makamaka otchuka mdziko lathu ndi a Blondie Black guppies P. recticulata ndi ma guppies achikaso aku Germany, omwe mtengo wake umayambira 90-95 ruble. Monga lamulo, ngakhale mitundu yosawerengeka ndi yotsika mtengo.
Ndemanga za eni
Guppy ndi nsomba yokongola komanso yopanda ulemu yomwe ndiyabwino kwa oyamba kumene komanso akatswiri amadzi.... Nsomba yaing'ono kwambiri, yogwira ntchito komanso yokongola modabwitsa ndiyosavuta kubereketsa ndipo siyofunika kuyisunga. Komabe, monga zikuwonetsera, akatswiri am'madzi am'madzi amalangizidwa kuti apewe kupeza mitundu yowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso yokongola kwambiri yokhala ndi zipsepse zazitali ndi yunifolomu.
Zofunika!Nsomba zotentha zoterezi zimadziwika ndi chitetezo chofooka ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri pakasungidwe ka aquarium.
Ndi mitundu yosavuta yomwe imatha kusangalatsa eni ake osachepera mitundu yoyambirira yokwera mtengo, koma ziweto zotere zimatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali, ndipo sizingabweretse mavuto pakasunga ndi kuswana.
