M'zaka zathu zapitazi, nkhono ya Achatina yakhala ili m'ndandanda wa ziweto zotchuka kwambiri. Kodi chidwi chodabwitsa chotchedwa gastropod mollusk chinagonjetsa bwanji mitima ya anthu ambiri?
Kufotokozera za nkhono Achatina
Chimphona chachikulu cha Achatina (Achatina) ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri yam'mapapu yam'mapapu. Aliyense akhoza kuzindikira nkhonoyi. Ndi iye yekha amene ali ndi chipolopolo chachikulu kwambiri. Zimakhala ndi kasanu ndi kawiri kapena kasanu ndi kawiri. Zigoba za nkhono zachikulire, Achatina, zimafika masentimita makumi awiri, thupi lonse limakhala pafupifupi masentimita makumi atatu, ndipo nyamazi zimatha kulemera theka la kilogalamu. M'lifupi, thupi la nyama limafika masentimita anayi. Pumirani khungu Achatina. Mukayang'ana mwatcheru, mutha kuwona khungu lokwinya ndi zolakwika m'manyolo amenewa. Nyanga zimagwira ntchito ngati ziwalo zogwira Achatin. Pa nsonga zawo pali maso a mollusks. Milomo ya nkhono ndi yofiira, ndipo thupi ndi lachikasu-bulauni. Pafupifupi, nkhono zazikulu zimatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi khumi pansi pazabwino. Ndipo amatha kukula - moyo wawo wonse.
Osati ku Africa kokha, komwe nkhonozi zimachokera, komanso m'maiko ena, Achatina amadyedwa. Koma malo odyera, samagula nsomba zamtunduwu kawirikawiri, chifukwa nyama yawo ilibe zinthu zabwino kwambiri.
Ndizosangalatsa. Ku Africa, nkhono imodzi ya Achatina inali magalamu mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Kwa "zoyenerera" ngati izi adasankha kulowa mu Guinness Book of Records. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti ku Russia, chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa, Achatina sangathe kulemera kuposa magalamu zana ndi makumi atatu.
Ziwombankhanga ku Africa Achatina zimapangidwa makamaka ndi anthu omwe ali otanganidwa kwambiri ndipo alibe nthawi yosamalira agalu, amphaka, hamsters ndi ziweto zina. Achatina pafupifupi safuna chisamaliro, safuna veterinarian ndipo safuna kuyenda, komanso, ndi nkhono zopanda ndalama komanso zopanda phokoso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzagona mwamtendere nthawi iliyonse masana: simumva phokoso, kukuwa kapena kukumwa. Komanso, zovala ndi mipando yomwe mumakonda sizidzawonongeka. Pali chifukwa chokwanira chotenga ndikukhala ndi chiweto chachilendo chonchi. Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa cholengedwa chokongola ichi ndikuti sichimayambitsa chifuwa ndipo sichimatulutsa fungo lililonse. Malinga ndi asayansi, Achatina amatha kuthana ndi kupsinjika. Kodi mukudabwa? Momwe zilili…
Mbiri pang'ono pamutuwu ...
Dziko lakwawo la nkhono ya Achatina ndi East Africa, komabe, patapita kanthawi, mtundu uwu wa molluscs nthawi zambiri udayamba kuzindikiridwa ku Seychelles, kenako ku Madagascar. Kale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, nkhonoyi idapezeka ku India ndi Sri Lanka. Ndipo patatha zaka 10, nkhono za mollusk zinasamukira ku Indochina ndi Malaysia.
Achatina atayamba kuchulukana pachilumba cha Taiwan, anthu samangodziwa chochita nawo. A Japan atayamba kupita kumwera, adawona kuti nzika zaku Pacific zakomweko ndizosangalala kudya nyama ya nkhonozi, chifukwa chake, patangopita nthawi pang'ono, adayamba kuphika okhawo.
Ataphunzira kuti ndalama zabwino zitha kupezeka ndi nyama ya Achatina, alimi aku Japan adayamba kuwabereketsa m'minda yawo. Komabe, kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Japan cha Kyushu, Achatina sakhala, ndichifukwa chake kuchuluka kwachilengedwe kwa zilumba zaku Japan, mwamwayi, sikunasinthe kwenikweni. Kupatula apo, monga mukudziwa, ku India sakudziwanso komwe angachokere ku nkhonozi, amadya mbewu zonse zaku India mwachangu chodabwitsa.
Posachedwa, Unduna wa Zacholimo ku India walengeza "nkhondo yofiira" ndi Achatin, omwe adabweretsedwa kuno kuchokera ku Africa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti anthu aku Africa alibe nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwa Achatin, chifukwa ali ndi adani owopsa m'chilengedwe - gonaxis, omwe amapha nkhono, motero amalepheretsa kuchulukana mwachangu.
Ngakhale zinali zovuta, kwa nthawi yayitali ku India panali chikhulupiriro kuti msuzi wopangidwa kuchokera ku Achatina ungathandize kuthana ndi gawo lomaliza la chifuwa chachikulu, chifukwa chake mollusk idabweretsedwa kudera lino ndi kumayiko ena otentha mwadala.
Ndizosangalatsa. Kirimu yothandiza kwambiri ya Achatina yokonzanso nkhope idapangidwa ndi anthu aku Chile. Ndipo ku France, nkhono zazikuluzikuluzi akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zodzoladzola zakukalamba. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti anthu a ku Brazil anapitirira ndipo anayamba kupanga njira yapadera kuchokera ku ntchentche za mollusks zomwe zimathandiza kuchiritsa mabala otukutidwa komanso ngakhale ming'alu ndi zilonda.
Malo okhala nkhono za Achatina
Nkhono ya Achatina gastropod imapezeka m'maiko otentha. Ndiwambiri makamaka komwe nzimbe zimamera: zokoma zomwe amakonda. Amafuna kupeza nkhono ku United States, koma olamulira sanagwirizane ndi kuwukiridwa kwa nkhonozi zomwe zidayamba mzaka zapitazi. Mwa njira, ku United States, lamuloli limaletsa kusunga ma Achatins kunyumba. Aliyense amene angayerekeze kuphwanya lamulo lake amamangidwa mpaka zaka zisanu kapena chindapusa cha madola zikwi zisanu. Zonsezi zinayamba ndikuti mwana wina wokhala ku Hawaii adaganiza zokachezera agogo ake ku Miami. Anatenga nkhono zingapo ndikupita nazo kumunda wa agogo. Nkhono zidayamba kuberekana mwachangu kwambiri kwakuti munthawi yochepa adakwanitsa kudzaza malo onse olimapo a Miami ndikuwononga mbewu zolimidwa kumeneko. Zinatengera boma la Florida ndalama zambiri komanso zaka zingapo kufikira pomwe panalibe nkhono imodzi yamtunduwu ku United States.
Mu Russia, monga mukudziwa, moyo wankhanza kwambiri kwa gastropods ambiri, ndipo Achatina sadzapulumuka pano. Mutha sungani m'malo otentha okhamonga chiweto chomwe amakonda, chopindulitsa, chosangalatsa komanso chokonda kwambiri.
Nkhono zapakhomo Achatina: kukonza ndi kusamalira
Achatina amakhala m'malo otentha kunyumba. "Nyumba" ya malita khumi ndi yokwanira kwa iwo. Koma izi ndi ngati muli ndi nkhono imodzi yokha. Ngati mukufuna kuti nkhonoyo ikhale yayikulu, muyenera kugula kakhitchini kakang'ono ndi denga kuti Achatina sangatulukemo. Iyeneranso kukhala ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono angapo. Muthanso kusunthira denga la terrarium pang'ono kuti mupereke mpweya wabwino. Ikani nthaka yapadera pansi. Itha kukhala gawo wamba. Achatin amakonda madzi, choncho musaiwale kuyika mbale yothira madzi. Mutha kupanga bafa yaying'ono kuti nkhono zisambiremo. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti madzi sakutsanulira: Achatin sakonda dothi.
Palibe chifukwa choti mupange kutentha kwapadera kwa nkhono; kutentha kwanyumba konse kudzachita. Koma muyenera kuganizira za chinyezi mu terrarium. Ngati mkati mwake muli chinyezi, nkhono zimakwawa pamwamba, ndipo ngati, ndiwouma kwambiri, Achatina nthawi zonse amabowola pansi. Pakakhala chinyezi mnyumba ya nkhonoyi, mudzawona nokha momwe nkhono zimakwawira mozungulira masana, ndikudzimangira pachikopa chake ndi pansi usiku.
Kamodzi pamlungu onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka kwathunthu terrarium, nthawi zonse muziyang'anira chinyezi mmenemo, ngati kuli kotheka, perekani nthaka ndi madzi. Simungathe kutsuka terrarium ngati nkhono yayika kale mazira, ndiye kuti chinyezi mkati mwa nyumba ya ana amtsogolo sichiyenera kusintha.
Chakudya choyenera cha chimphona Achatina
Kudyetsa Achatina gastropods sikungakhale kovuta. Achatina amakonda zitsamba, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Ngakhale kwawo Achatin ankadyanso nyama, zomwe ndizosangalatsa. Yesetsani kupatsa ziweto zanu zokwawa zakudya zosiyanasiyana kuti azolowere kudya chilichonse chomwe apatsidwa. Ngati kuyambira ali mwana mumadyetsa Achatin ndi saladi omwe amakonda kwambiri komanso nkhaka zatsopano, ndiye kuti mtsogolo sadzafuna kudya china chilichonse. Perekani nkhono zazing'ono zamasamba odulidwa, koma nkhono zazikulu zimagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri ndi zidutswa zazikulu za chakudya. Nthochi, ma apurikoti okhwima ndi mapichesi, mwachitsanzo, sayenera kudyetsedwa ndi nkhono zazing'ono. Amatha kulowa mwa iwo kwathunthu ndikutsamwa. Apatseni anawo kaloti ndi maapulo oyera pa grater wabwino kwambiri. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, mutha kupereka saladi wobiriwira ndi zitsamba zatsopano.
Chifukwa chake, mutha kudyetsa Achatin:
- Chivwende, nthochi, nkhuyu, mphesa, sitiroberi, yamatcheri, maula, maapulo amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Yesani kiwi ndi avocado.
- Nkhaka, tsabola aliyense (kupatula zokometsera), sipinachi, kaloti, kabichi, mbatata, zukini, dzungu.
- Nyemba: mphodza, nandolo, nyemba.
- Phala loviikidwa m'madzi ndi buledi woyera, buledi wambewu.
- Chakudya cha ana.
- Zitsamba, zomera: elderberry (maluwa), maluwa a chamomile.
- Mtundu wa Spring wa mtengo wazipatso.
- Nyama yosungunuka, nkhuku zophika.
- Chakudya chapadera.
- Mkaka wowawasa, zopangidwa wopanda thukuta.
Ndikofunika kudziwa! Osatola maluwa ndi zomera ku Achatina pafupi ndi mafakitale, misewu ikuluikulu, malo otayira zinyalala ndi misewu yamatope, yafumbi. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka mbewu zilizonse pansi pa mpopi.
Achatini sangadyetsedwe ndi maswiti. Zakudya zonunkhira, nyama zosuta ndi zakudya zamchere ndizoyipa kwa iwo! Ndikofunikanso kuti calcium ilipo pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za nkhono zapakhomo.
Kodi calcium imakhudza bwanji nkhono ya Achatina?
Kuti chigoba cha nkhonoyi chikhale cholimba, cholimba komanso chopangidwa bwino, kupezeka kwa chinthu chofunikira kwambiri monga calcium mu chakudya ndikofunikira kwambiri ku nkhono. Ngati calcium ilipo ochepa mu chakudya cha Achatina, chipolopolocho sichingateteze nkhono ku malo akunja, imakhala yofewa, yopunduka ndikukhala ndi mawonekedwe okhota tsiku lililonse. Popeza ziwalo zonse zamkati mwa nkhonoyi zimamangiriridwa ku chipolopolocho, zikawonongeka, nkhonoyo singachite bwino, ndipo imatha kufa
Homemade Achatina akhoza kupatsidwa zakudya zilizonse za calcium. Awa ndi timakungu tating'onoting'ono ta mazira, chakudya chopangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga chomwe chili ndi calcium yambiri. Chakudyachi chimatchedwa kalcekasha. Lili ndi chisakanizo cha chimanga, chimanga cha tirigu, gammarus, nkhono zamchere, biovetan, komanso chakudya cha nsomba. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutenga tirigu wapamwamba kwambiri. Mukapereka calcekash iyi ku nkhono zazing'ono tsiku lililonse, zimakula modumphadumpha. Komanso chakudya chamaguluwa chiyenera kuperekedwa ku nkhono kuti zibwezeretse mphamvu zikaikira mazira.
Kubalana nkhono Achatina
Achatina ndi mollusks - hermaphrodites: nthawi zambiri sagawika akazi ndi amuna. Kodi mukufuna kubala Achatini aang'ono? Ingotenga ziphuphu ziwiri zazikulu. Anthuwa nthawi zonse amakhala ndi umuna mkati. Nthawi yomweyo nkhono zonse ziwiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndikukhalira zimayikira mazira pansi.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwawona akukwatirana. Achatini amayandikizana ndi zidendene zawo, ndiye amayamba kusinthana mphamvu, kukondana kumayambira - masingano, omwe ali mchikwama chimodzi. Minofuyo ndi yolimba, ndipo singano izi zimachokera ku mbolo ya nkhono ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimaboola thupi la mnzake. Mivi ngati singano iyi mu nkhono imatha kusintha kukula kwake nthawi zonse, kukhala yayikulu komanso yaying'ono.
Achatin, monga ma mollusk ena, ali ndi dongosolo lovuta kwambiri loberekera. Spermatozoa yochokera kwa munthu m'modzi imalowa pang'onopang'ono kwa wina pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake nkhono sizimera msanga ngati nyama. Amatha kusunga mazira kwa nthawi yayitali mpaka atakula bwino. Ndipokhapo pamene nkhono zimatha kumasula mulu wa nkhono zazing'ono pansi nthawi imodzi.
Kuti Achatins azitha kuswana nthawi zambiri, amafunika kupanga zofunikira zonse. Mwachitsanzo, m'nthaka yakuda, sangachulukane. Choncho, terrarium iyenera kukhala yoyera nthawi zonse, komanso nthaka yokha. Panali milandu pamene achikulire Achatina, omwe anali ataikidwa kale kuchokera ku ziphuphu zina, anapanga mazira angapo a mazira. Nthawi yomweyo, adaberekana patangopita miyezi ingapo atakwatirana.
Nkhono za Achatina zimatha kuchedwa kuchokera mazira makumi anayi mpaka mazana atatu nthawi yomweyo. Pafupifupi, nkhono zimaikira mazira zana ndi makumi asanu. Nthawi zambiri, nkhono zimatambasula mazira awo kwa masiku angapo. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma molluscs nthawi zina amabalalitsa mazira awo m'malo osiyanasiyana a terrarium. Ngakhale. Izi ndizochepa, Achatina olemekezeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mazira awo onse kumapeto kwa malo achitetezo omwewo.
Patapita nthawi, patatha masiku anayi (pazipita mwezi), zowalamulira zimatsegulidwa, ndipo nkhono zosalimba zimawoneka. Nkhono zazing'ono sizimawoneka pansi pomwepo, zimangokhala pansi. Nkhonoyi ikangobadwa, imadya zipolopolo zawo kuti ipeze kashiamu woyamba. Patatha masiku angapo, akutuluka kale.
Poyang'ana nkhono zazikuluzikulu, tikhoza kunena kuti amadzikoka okha ndi chithumwa chawo. Kupatula apo, ndizosangalatsa kukhala mwini wa nkhono zowoneka bwino kwambiri zapakhomo, zomwe sizimafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo, koma zimangopatsa bata ndi bata panyumbayo.
