Njoka ya chimanga ndi dzina lalikulu la njoka yopanda poyizoni kuchokera ku mtundu wa Pantherophis. Njoka yamtunduwu imadziwikanso kuti njoka yofiira yamakoswe. Dzina lachiwirili la njokayo ndi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake. Kuphatikiza apo, m'magulu azinsinsi omwe amakhala ndi okonda zachilendo, chokwawa ichi nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa gutata kapena njoka yokhotakhota.
Kuwonekera, kufotokoza kwa wothamanga
Chokwawa chimakula mpaka mita ziwiri, koma nthawi zambiri, wamkulu wamkulu samadutsa mita imodzi ndi theka. Masiku ano, mitundu yambiri kapena yotchedwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njoka yofiira yamphaka imadziwika, koma utoto waukulu wa njokayo umayimiriridwa ndi maziko a lalanje ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yomwe imazungulira mawanga ofiira. Mimba imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mtundu wakuda wakuda.
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Njoka ya chimanga kuthengo
Monga lamulo, njoka ndizomwe zimakhalapo m'nthaka ndipo zimayenda pamwamba pake, koma anthu ena amakhalanso achangu pamitengo ndi tchire.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mtundu waukulu womwe dzina lachiwiri la njokayo udapezeka ndi chokwawa chifukwa chokhazikika minda ya chimanga komanso pafupi ndi nkhokwe, komwe njokayo imagwiritsa ntchito mbewa ndi makoswe, nthawi zambiri imatsutsana ndi lingaliro lina, losangalatsa. Amakhulupirira kuti zomwe zidali pamimba pa njoka ya chimanga zikufanana kwambiri ndi chimanga chindere.
Malo okhala ndi malo okhala
Pansi pa chilengedwe, chimanga kapena njoka yokhotakhota imapezeka, monga lamulo, m'nkhalango zowuma, komanso panthaka yopanda chonde komanso pafupi ndi malo otsetsereka amiyala. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu chimakhala pafupi ndi mafamu pafupifupi ku America konse, komanso zigawo za Mexico ndi zilumba za Cayman.
Moyo wamphongo wamphongo
M'malo achilengedwe, chokwawa chimakhala pansi pafupifupi miyezi inayi, kenako nthawi zambiri chimakwera mitengo kapena zitsamba, zingwe zamiyala ndi zitunda zina zilizonse. Kwa achikulire, moyo wamtundu umodzi ndiwofunikanso..
Chimanga ma morphs
Njoka yofiira yamphongo ndi dzina lachiwiri lomveka la njokayo, lomwe limasiyanitsidwa osati chifukwa chodzichepetsa, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Morph "Amelanism" - anthu omwe alibe mtundu wakuda wakuda, pinki kapena maso ofiira komanso pinki yoyera kapena yofiira;
Morph "Hypomelanism" - anthu omwe ali ndi sikelo ya bulauni, imvi kapena yofiirira;
Morph "Anerythrysm" - anthu omwe alibe mtundu wofiira wofiira, wonyezimira wonyezimira komanso wachikasu pakhosi ndi pamimba;
Morph "Makala" - anthu omwe ali ndi utoto wodziwika bwino ngati amtundu wosasunthika wa imvi ndi bulauni, komanso pafupifupi khungu lonse lachikaso;
Morph "Caramel" - anthu omwe amasintha omwe amapondereza mtundu wofiira ndikusintha mitundu yakuda;
Morph "Chiphalaphala" - anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wakuda wakuda, wopatsa utoto wakuda yunifolomu wokhala ndi mabotolo ang'onoang'ono akuda.
Morph "Lavender" ndi amodzi mwamasinthidwe osangalatsa kwambiri omwe amadziwika ndi melanin pafupifupi... Zotsatira zake, mtundu wa njoka umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi lavender wosakhwima mpaka pinki ndi mithunzi ya khofi.
Chakudya ndi kupanga
Mwachilengedwe, ntchito yayikulu ya njoka za chimanga imachitika madzulo komanso mbandakucha, pamene nyamayi imawona nyama yake. Mbewa ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono, mileme, komanso mbalame zazing'ono ndi anapiye awo kapena mazira amakhala chakudya cha njokayo.
Adani akuluakulu a njokayo
Mbalame zazikulu zambiri, kuphatikizapo adokowe, zitsamba, alembi, mphamba, akabawi, ndi ziwombankhanga, zitha kuopseza njoka ya chimanga kapena njoka yamakoswe ofiira. Mwa nyama, ngozi yayikulu imayimiriridwa ndi nyamazi, nguluwe zakutchire, ng'ona, akambuku ndi mongoose.
Kusunga njoka ya chimanga kunyumba
Sikovuta kwambiri kusunga njoka za chimanga zosakhala zankhanza kwambiri kunyumba, koma ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo angapo ofunikira kwambiri pamoyo ndi thanzi la reptile.
Chida chogwiritsa ntchito njoka
Zigawo za njoka ya chimanga zimasankhidwa kutengera kukula ndi msinkhu wa reptile... Njoka zomwe zangobadwa kumene komanso achinyamata adzafunika malo okhala ndi voliyumu ya malita 40-50. Njoka yachikulire komanso yopanda bwino iyenera kukhala mu terrarium, yomwe voliyumu yake siyingakhale yochepera malita 70-100 ndimakulidwe a 70x40x40 cm.
Zomangira zapaini ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lalikulu, komanso makungwa amtengo wosweka, miyala yoyera kapena pepala. Nthiti yokumba "Astroturf" yatsimikizika bwino. Tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za fulorosenti kuti zipereke masana.
Ndikofunikanso kukonza ngodya yotentha ndi kutentha kwa 28-30 ° C ndi kona yozizira yokhala ndi kutentha kwa 24-26 ° C mu terrarium. Usiku, kutentha kumayenera kukhala 21-23 ° C. Kusunga chinyezi mu terrarium, nthawi zambiri amapopera madzi ofunda kuchokera ku botolo la kutsitsi. Mkati mwa mpanda muyenera kukhala ndi chakumwa chokwanira chokwanira komanso chokhazikika, komanso mitengo yoyera yoyera komanso mizu yayikulu.
Zakudya, chakudya choyambirira
Njoka ya chimanga wamkulu imayenera kudyetsedwa sabata iliyonse... Pachifukwa ichi, makoswe ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso nkhuku zakale. Pofuna kuti musavulaze njokayo, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito chakudya chomwe sichikhala chamoyo, koma chazizira kenako ndikusungunuka kutentha. Pamodzi ndi chakudya cha njoka yamphongo yofiira, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri imayenera kuperekedwa. Madzi akumwa ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi abwino.
Kusamalitsa
Anthu ambiri okonda zokwawa amadera nkhawa mafunso awa: njoka ya chimanga ili ndi poizoni kapena ayi, ndipo ndi zovuta zanji zomwe zingawoneke ngati zilumidwa. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti njoka zamtunduwu ndizopanda poizoni, chifukwa chake sizingayambitse anthu ndi ziweto zawo ndikuluma kwawo.
Zofunika!Njoka ya chimanga imatha kusokonezedwa mosavuta ndi njoka yamutu wamkuwa ya poizoni, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mutu wopapatiza, wonyezimira komanso kupezeka kwa mawanga apakati.
Thanzi la chimanga cha chimanga
Zotsatira za kubereketsa mwachangu kunali kutuluka kwa mavuto azaumoyo mu njoka zambiri zomwe zimabadwira mu ukapolo, zomwe zimawonetsedwa pakukana chakudya, kufa kwadzidzidzi komanso kopanda tanthauzo, kuchepa kwakanthawi kwa chiyembekezo cha moyo.
Anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amapaka matupi awo pachikuto cha terrarium, monga lamulo, amapanga zotupa zomwe zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi ma antiseptics kapena mafuta opangira maantibayotiki. Mukasungidwa bwino mu ukapolo, chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo chimapitilira zaka khumi.
Kuswana njoka kunyumba
Pofuna kuswana zoweta, akazi azaka zitatu ndi azaka ziwiri amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mzimayi ayenera kukhala wautali pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi kulemera osachepera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kilogalamu. Kulimbikitsa njirayi kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira, momwe chokwawa chimayenera kukhala kwa miyezi iwiri. Nthawi imeneyi, kutentha kwa terrarium ndi 13 ° C.
Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, mozungulira February kapena Marichi, kukwerana kumachitika. Nthawi ya bere imatha kupitirira mwezi umodzi, kenako bokosilo lapadera lokhala ndi vermiculite yonyowa liyenera kuyikidwa mu terrarium. Mkazi amaikira mazira khumi mpaka khumi ndi asanu. Zingwezo zimachotsedwa mosamala, ndipo mazira amakula mu chofungatira kwa miyezi ingapo kutentha kwa 26-29 ° C.
Ndizosangalatsa!Njoka zomwe zimangobadwa kumene zimakhala ndi dzino lapadera lomwe zimatha kutuluka nazo dzira palokha.
Ngati njoka ya chimanga yomwe idabadwa ikana kudya yokha, ndiye kuti kuyenera kukakamiza kudyetsa chokwawa. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pakati pa njoka zofiira zamphongo zobadwa kumene, pali kuchuluka kwakufa kwambiri.
Gulani njoka ya chimanga - malangizo
Ngati wokonda zokwawa zakunja ali ndi chidwi ndi njoka yofiira yamakoswe, ndiye kuti kuigula sikuli kovuta. Kudzikuza kwapangitsa kuti njoka ya chimanga ifalikire kwambiri, chifukwa chake oweta ambiri amachita kulima ndikugulitsa.
Komwe mungagule njoka, zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Posankha njoka kuti musunge kunyumba, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti reptileyo ili ndi khungu loyera, pamwamba pake palibenso ming'alu ndi ma ectoparasites. Njokayo iyenera kukhala yodyetsedwa bwino ndikukhala ndi maso owala. Makamaka ayenera kuperekedwa ku chiyambi cha zokwawa. Njoka zobadwa mu ukapolo zimazika mizu bwino..
Mtengo wa njoka za chimanga
Njoka yotchuka ya makoswe ofiira mdziko lathu, mtengo womwe nthawi zambiri umasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu ndi zaka, umagulitsidwa ndi oweta okhaokha komanso malo ambiri osungira zinyama omwe amadziwika ndi zokwawa. Mtengo umakhudzidwa ndi gulu lomwe othamanga ali:
- S - wachinyamata;
- M - wachinyamata;
- L - kuchokera kukhwima mpaka kugonana;
- XL - wamkulu, wamkulu komanso wokhwima payekha;
- XXL ndi munthu wamkulu kwambiri.
Mtengo wapakati wa munthu wamkulu ndi ma ruble zikwi zisanu. Ndikofunika kugula zida ndi chokwawa chomwe chimaphatikizapo terrarium ndi zida zoyambira. Mtengo wa zida zotere, monga lamulo, sudutsa ma ruble 8-9 zikwi.
