Nyani ndi nyama ya mtundu wa anyani, yomwe imaphatikizapo oyimira akulu kwambiri komanso amakono kwambiri kuchokera ku anyani. Kulongosola koyamba kwa mtundu uwu kunaperekedwa ndi mmishonale wochokera ku America - Thomas Savage.
Kulongosola kwachilengedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Amuna achikulire ndi nyama zazikulu kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwawo m'malo awo achilengedwe, nthawi zambiri, ndi 170-175 masentimita, koma nthawi zina pamakhalanso anthu ataliatali omwe amakhala ndi mamitala awiri kapena kupitilira apo. Kutalika kwa phewa la nyama yayikulu kumasiyanasiyana mkati mwa mita. Kulemera kwakuthupi kwamwamuna kumakhala mkati mwa makilogalamu mazana atatu, ndipo kulemera kwazimayi kumakhala kocheperako ndipo sikupitilira 150 kg.
Ndizosangalatsa!Kuti apeze chakudya chokwanira, ma gorilla amagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yolimba kwambiri yam'mimba, minofu yolimba kasanu ndi kawiri kuposa mphamvu ya minofu ya munthu aliyense wamba.
Nyaniyu ali ndi lamulo lalikulu, komanso amakhala ndi minofu yolimba komanso yolimba.... Thupi limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda komanso lakuda kwambiri. Amuna akuluakulu amasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa utoto wowoneka bwino kumbuyo kwake. Kwa anyani amtunduwu, mawonekedwe otsogola otchulidwa ndi mawonekedwe. Mutu wake ndi wokulirapo ndipo uli ndi chipumi chotsika. Chochititsa chidwi ndi nsagwada yayikulu komanso yotuluka, komanso phiri lamphamvu la supraorbital. Pamwamba pamutu pali mtundu wa pilo, womwe umapangidwa ndi khungu lakuthwa komanso khungu lolumikizana.
Ndizosangalatsa!Thupi la gorilla limakhala ndi mawonekedwe: kukula kwa mimba ndikokulirapo kuposa chifuwa, chomwe chimabwera chifukwa chazakudya zazikulu zofunikira kuti chimbudzi chikhale ndi chakudya chambiri chambiri chazomera.
Kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa miyendo yakutsogolo kumapazi akumbuyo ndi 6: 5. Kuphatikiza apo, nyamayo ili ndi manja olimba komanso miyendo yamphamvu, yomwe imalola gorila kuti nthawi ndi nthawi ayime ndikuyenda ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, koma kuyenda kwamaulendo onsewa ndi achilengedwe. Mukuyenda, nyaniyo sayika kutsogolo kwake pamiyendo yazala. Mbali yakunja ya zala zopindika imagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira, chomwe chimathandiza kusunga khungu lochepa komanso losazindikira mkati mwamanja.
Mitundu ya Gorilla
Kafukufuku wambiri wachitika kuti athe kudziwa kuti mitundu ingapo yamitundu ing'onoing'ono komanso zinayi zazing'ono zimatha kukhala chifukwa cha mtundu wama gorilla, ena omwe amadziwika kuti ndi osowa ndipo amaphatikizidwa ndi Red Book.
Nyani waku Western
Mitunduyi imaphatikizanso mitundu iwiri yazinyama, gorilla wam'munsi ndi gorilla wamtsinje, omwe amapezeka kumadera otsika kwambiri a nkhalango, komwe kumakhala udzu wandiweyani komanso madambo.
Pa thupi, kuwonjezera pamutu ndi ziwalo, pali tsitsi lakuda. Mbali yakutsogolo imakhala ndi utoto wachikaso kapena wachikaso... Mphuno ndi mphuno zazikulu zimakhala ndi nsonga yotambalala. Maso ndi makutu ndizochepa. M'manja muli misomali ikuluikulu ndi zala zazikulu.
Ma gorilla aku Western ndi ogwirizana m'magulu, omwe mawonekedwe awo amatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa anthu awiri mpaka anthu khumi ndi awiri, omwe m'modzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, komanso azimayi omwe aswedwa. Anthu okhwima mwa kugonana, monga lamulo, amachoka pagululo, ndikusiya makolo awo kwakanthawi amakhala okhaokha. Chikhalidwe chake ndikusintha kwazimayi pazomwe zimaswana kuchokera pagulu kupita pagulu. Nthawi yobereka imakhala pafupifupi masiku 260, chifukwa chake mwana m'modzi amabadwa, amasamalidwa ndi makolo mpaka pafupifupi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Gorilla wakummawa
Wofalikira kudera laling'ono ndi madera akumapiri a nkhalango zam'madera otentha, mitunduyi imayimiriridwa ndi gorilla wam'mapiri ndi gorilla wam'munsi. Subpecies awa amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mutu waukulu, chifuwa chachikulu komanso miyendo yayitali yayitali. Mphuno ndi yosalala ndipo ili ndi mphuno zazikulu.
Chophimba cha tsitsi chimakhala chakuda kwambiri, ndi utoto wabuluu... Amuna akuluakulu amakhala ndi mzere wachitsulo kumbuyo. Pafupifupi thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi ubweya, kupatula nkhope, chifuwa, mitengo ya kanjedza ndi mapazi. Akuluakulu, mtundu wowoneka bwino, wowoneka bwino waimvi umawonekera ndi msinkhu.
Magulu am'banja amakhala ndi anthu pafupifupi makumi atatu mpaka makumi anayi, ndipo amayimiridwa ndi amuna, akazi ndi ana. Nyengo isanakwane, zazikazi zimatha kusuntha kuchoka pagulu lina kupita ku lina kapena kulowa nawo amuna amodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale banja latsopano. Amuna omwe atha msinkhu amasiya gululo ndipo patatha zaka pafupifupi zisanu amadzipangira okha banja latsopano.
Chikhalidwe
Mitundu yonse yama gorilla akum'mawa imagawidwa mwachilengedwe m'malo am'mapiri a m'mphepete mwa mapiri m'malo otsika komanso amapiri omwe ali kum'mawa kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Uganda ndi Rwanda. Magulu akulu anyani amtunduwu amapezeka m'malo omwe ali pakati pa Mtsinje wa Lualaba, Nyanja ya Eduard ndi dziwe lamadzi akuya la Tanganyika. Nyamayo imakonda nkhalango ndi udzu wandiweyani womata.
Ndizosangalatsa! Tsiku la Gorilla limakonzedweratu ndi mphindi ndikuyamba ndikuyenda pang'ono kuzungulira chisa, kudya masamba kapena udzu. Nthawi yopuma, nyama zimapuma kapena kugona. Ndipo theka lachiwiri la tsikulo ladzipereka kwathunthu pomanga chisa kapena makonzedwe ake.
Mabanja akumtsinje wakumadzulo ndi gorilla wam'munsi amakhala m'mapiri, nkhalango zamapiri ndi zigwa za Cameroon, Central African Republic. Komanso, anyani ambiri amtunduwu amakhala kumtunda kwa Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo ndi Angola.
Zakudya zabwino mu vivo
Gorilla amakhala nthawi yayitali kufunafuna chakudya. Kuti adzipezere chakudya, nyamayo imatha kudutsa gawo loyenda m'njira zodziwika bwino. Anyani amayenda ndi miyendo inayi. Nyani yamtundu uliwonse ndi yamasamba osadya nyama, chifukwa chake ndi zomera zokha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya. Amakonda amapatsidwa masamba ndi zimayambira za mbewu zosiyanasiyana.
Ndizosangalatsa!Chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa ndi ma gorilla chimakhala ndi michere yochepa, choncho nyani wamkulu amafunika kudya pafupifupi kilogalamu khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu mpaka makumi awiri tsiku lililonse.
Mosiyana ndi mbiri yakale, chikhulupiriro chofala, gawo laling'ono lokhalo la gorilla wakum'mawa limayimiriridwa ndi zipatso. Nyani wa kumadzulo, komano, amakonda zipatso, chotero, posaka mitengo ya zipatso yoyenera, nyama yaikulu imatha kuyenda mtunda wautali wokwanira. Zakudya zochepa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyama zizikhala nthawi yayitali kufunafuna chakudya komanso kudyetsa mwachindunji. Chifukwa cha madzi ochuluka ochokera kuzakudya zamasamba, ma gorilla samamwa kawirikawiri.
Zoswana
A gorilla achikazi amalowa gawo lakukhwima pogonana ali ndi zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri.... Amuna amakhala okhwima pakadutsa zaka zingapo. Kuberekana kwa anyani kumatenga chaka chonse, koma akazi amatenga nawo gawo limodzi ndi mtsogoleri wabanja. Chifukwa chake, kuti abereke, mwamuna wachikulire wogonana ayenera kupambana utsogoleri kapena kupanga banja lake.
Ndizosangalatsa!Ngakhale kuti chilankhulo chodziwika bwino cha "nyani" kulibe, ma gorilla amalumikizana, ndikupanga mawu makumi awiri mphambu awiri osiyana.
Ana amabadwa pafupifupi kamodzi zaka zinayi zilizonse. Nthawi yokomera imakhala pafupifupi miyezi 8.5. Mkazi aliyense amabereka mwana mmodzi, ndipo amaleredwa ndi mayi mpaka azaka zitatu. Kulemera kwapakati pa wakhanda, monga lamulo, sikupitilira ma kilogalamu angapo. Poyamba, mwana wamphongoyo amakhala kumbuyo kwa wamkazi, atamamatira ku ubweya wake. Mwana wamkulu amatha kuyenda yekha. Komabe, gorilla wamng'onoyo adzaperekeza mayi ake kwa nthawi yayitali, kwa zaka zinayi mpaka zisanu.
Adani achilengedwe a gorilla
M'khola lawo, anyani akuluakulu alibe adani. Kukula kwake kochititsa chidwi, komanso kuthandizira kwamphamvu pagulu, zidapangitsa kuti nyaniyo asatengeke ndi nyama zina. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti anyaniwa sawonetsa kulimbana ndi nyama zoyandikana nawo, chifukwa chake amakhala pafupi ndi mitundu yokhala ndi ziboda ndi mitundu yaying'ono ya anyani.
Mwa njira iyi, mdani yekhayo wa gorilla ndi mwamuna, kapena m'malo ozunza nyama wambaomwe amawononga anyani kuti apeze ziwonetsero zamtengo wapatali kwa osonkhanitsa m'munda wa zinyama. Tsoka ilo, anyani ndi nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuwonongedwa kwawo kwakhala kofala kwambiri, ndipo kumachitika kuti apeze ubweya wokwanira wamtengo wapatali ndi zigaza. Ma gorilla achichepere amagwidwa ambiri kenako amagulitsanso m'manja kapena m'malo osungira nyama zambiri.
Matenda aumunthu, omwe ma gorilla alibe chitetezo chokwanira, alinso vuto lina. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwa anyani amtundu uliwonse, ndipo nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mabanja anyani okhala m'malo awo achilengedwe.
Kuthekera kwakunyumba
Nyani ndi wam'gulu lazinyama zomwe mwachilengedwe zimakhala m'magulu. Izi nyani wamkulu kwambiri samasungidwa kawirikawiri kunyumba, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu komanso mawonekedwe am'malo otentha. Nyamayi nthawi zambiri imasungidwa kumalo osungira nyama, koma mu ukapolo, gorilla amakhala ndi moyo zaka 50.
