Nyanja ya Caribbean shark (Carcharhinus perezii) ndi ya superorder shark, banja la Carchinoids.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa shark caribbean shark
Shaki ya m'nyanja ya Caribbean ili ndi thupi lopota. Mphuno ndi yotakata komanso yozungulira. Kutsegula pakamwa kumakhala ngati pakhoma lalikulu lokhala ndi mano amakona atatu okhala ndi mapiri osongoka. Maso ndi akulu komanso ozungulira. Chombocho chimakhala chachikulu, chooneka ngati chikwakwa, chokhota kumapeto kwake. Chomaliza chachiwiri kumbuyo ndi chaching'ono. Zipsepse zooneka ngati krescent zili pachifuwa. Mchira wa mchira ndiwosakanikirana.
Thupi lakumtunda ndi laimvi kapena lofiirira. Mimbayo ndi yoyera. Chipilala chakumunsi pansipa ndi zipsepse zonse ziwiri zophatikizika ndizamdima. Nyanja ya Caribbean shark imakhala ndi kutalika kwa 152-168 cm ndipo imakula mpaka 295 cm.
Kufalitsa kwa shark caribbean shark
Caribbean reef shark imafalikira kudera lozungulira la Belizean, kuphatikiza Half Moon Ki ndi Blue Hole ndi Glovers Reef atoll marine. Nsomba zobadwa kumene, zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zam'madzi zimapezeka m'malo angapo m'mphepete mwa Barrier Reef.
Ku Cuba, nsomba yam'madzi ku Caribbean yalembedwa pafupi ndi zisumbu za Jardines de la Reina komanso malo osungira nyanja komwe kumakhala nsomba za mibadwo yonse. Kusodza nsomba zaletsedwa kotheratu m'derali.
Ku Venezuela, Pacific reef shark ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kuzilumba zam'madzi monga Los Roques. Iyenso ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zomwe zimafala kwambiri ku Bahamas ndi Antilles.
Ku Colombia, Pacific Reef Shark yawoneka pafupi ndi Rosario Island, ku Tayrona National Park, Guajira ndi San Andres Archipelago.
Ku Brazil, Pacific reef shark imagawidwa m'madzi a Amapa, Maranhao, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Bahia, Espiritu Santo, Parana ndi Santa Catarina, ndi zilumba zam'madzi za Atol das Rocas, Fernando de Noronha ndi Trinidad ... Mitundu iyi ya shark imatetezedwa ku Atol das Rocas Biological Reserve, ku Fernando de Noronha ndi Abrollos National Marine Parks ndi ku Manuel Luis Marine State Park.
Malo okhala nsomba za Reef Caribbean
Caribbean reef shark ndi mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya shark pafupi ndi miyala yamchere yamchere ku Caribbean, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi mapiri m'mphepete mwa miyala. Ndi mitundu ya benthic yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja yomwe imapezeka m'malo alumali. Amamatira mpaka kuya osachepera 30 mita pafupi ndi zilumba za San Andres, m'madzi a Colombia zimawonedwa pakuya kwa 45 mpaka 225 m.
Pacific reef shark imakonda malo ozama am'madzi ndipo samawoneka kawirikawiri m'mapiri osaya. Pali kusiyanasiyana komwe kumakhala asaka achichepere, amuna ndi akazi, ngakhale njira zawo zimakumana nthawi zambiri. Ngakhale achikulire amapezeka kawirikawiri m'malo osaya, achinyamata amapezeka makamaka m'madzi.
Kubereketsa miyala yam'madzi ya caribbean shark
Shark Caribbean yam'madzi imaswana kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi. Izi ndi mitundu viviparous nsomba. Mkazi amabala ana pafupifupi chaka chimodzi. Kukula kwa ana atabadwa ndi masentimita 60 mpaka 75. Pali ana aang'ono atatu mpaka asanu ndi amodzi mwa ana. Amayamba kubereka ndi kutalika kwa thupi la 150 - 170 m.
Kudyetsa Reef Caribbean Shark
Nsomba za m'nyanja ya Caribbean zimadya nyama zamitundu yambiri komanso nsomba zina. Amasakanso nyama zamathambo: magulu, ma haruppa ndi ma stingray: ziwombankhanga zamawangamawanga, ma stingray ofupikitsa. Amadya cephalopods.
Khalidwe la shark la carefbean shark
Shaki za Reef Caribbean zimayenda m'madzi, mopingasa komanso mopingasa. Amagwiritsa ntchito ma telemetry acoustic poyang'ana. Kukhalapo kwa nsombazi kumatsimikizika pakuya kwa mita 400, amayenda mtunda wa makilomita 30 - 50. Usiku, amasambira pafupifupi makilomita 3.3.
Tanthauzo la the reef caribbean shark
Nsomba zam'madzi za ku Caribbean zimasodza. Nyama yawo imadyedwa, chiwindi, mafuta ochuluka a nsomba, ndipo khungu lamphamvu limayamikiridwa. Kudera lazilumba za San Andres, nsomba zapamtunda zazitali zimapangidwira zipsepse, nsagwada (zokongoletsera) ndi chiwindi, pomwe nyama imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Chiwindi chimagulitsa $ 40-50, mapaundi zipsepse amawononga $ 45-55.
Ku Belize, zipsepse zouma zimagulitsidwa kwa ogula aku Asia $ 37.50. Nyama ndi zipsepse za Shark zimagulitsidwa ku Belize, Mexico, Guatemala ndi Honduras.
Zopseza kuchuluka kwa shark caribbean shark
Nyanja yam'madzi yotchedwa Caribbean shark ndiye mitundu yayikulu yomwe imavutika chifukwa cha kusodza kosaloledwa konse ku Caribbean, kuphatikiza Belize, Bahamas ndi Cuba. Nsomba zambiri zimagwidwa ngati nsomba zam'madzi zazitali komanso zazitali. M'madera ena (mbali zina za Brazil ndi Caribbean), usodzi umakhudza kwambiri kuchepa kwa nsombazi.
Ku Belize, nsombazi zimakodwa ndi ngowe ndi maukonde, makamaka zikawedza nsomba zam'madzi. Zipsepse zouma (37.5 pa paundi) ndi nyama zimayikidwa mtengo ndikugulitsanso ku US. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, kugwidwa kwa mitundu yonse ya nsombazi, kuphatikizapo nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi, kunapangitsa asodzi ambiri kusiya ntchitoyi.
Ngakhale kuchepa kwa kugwidwa, nsombazi zidapanga 82% ya nsomba zonse zomwe zidagwidwa (munthawi ya 1994-2003).
Ku Colombia, m'malo asodzi atali ochepa m'zisumbu za San Andres, nsomba zam'madzi ndizomwe zimakonda kwambiri nsomba za shark, zomwe zimawerengera 39% ya nsomba, zomwe zimakhala ndi 90-180 cm kutalika.
Kuwonongeka kwa zamoyo zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi ku Caribbean ndikuwopsezanso malo okhala nsomba zam'madzi zaku Caribbean. Ma corals amawonongedwa ndi kuipitsidwa kwa madzi am'nyanja, matenda komanso kupsinjika kwamakina. Kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa nsomba zam'madzi zaku Caribbean.
Kuteteza kwa shark caribbean shark
Malonda a shaki ku Caribbean, ngakhale panali zoletsa zomwe zidalipo kale, ndi bizinesi yopindulitsa. Mitundu ya sharkyi siyiyerengedwa. Ngakhale nsomba za m'nyanja ya Caribbean zimatetezedwa m'malo angapo otetezedwa m'madzi ku Brazil, malamulo ambiri amafunikira kuti athane ndi kusodza kosaloledwa m'malo achitetezo. Tikulimbikitsidwanso kukhazikitsa malo ena otetezedwa (opanda ufulu wosodza) pagombe lakumpoto komanso m'malo ena kuti ateteze nsombazi. Kusodza nsomba zam'madzi za ku Caribbean sikuletsedwa ku Cuba ku Jardines de la Reina Marine Reserve, chifukwa chake kuwonjezeka kwa shaki zam'madzi. Ngakhale malamulo oletsa kugwira nsomba zam'nyanja zam'madzi, nsomba zosaloledwa zikupitilirabe. Nsombazi zambiri zimagwidwa ngati zodula ndipo opha nsomba ayenera kutulutsa nsomba zomwe zagwidwa m'nyanja. Nsomba za m'nyanja ya Caribbean zili pa IUCN Red List of Mitundu Yowopsa.
