Giant ameiva: malongosoledwe, chithunzi cha buluzi

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Giant ameiva (Ameiva ameiva) ndi wa banja la a Teiida, gulu lankhanza.

Kufalikira kwa chimphona ameiva.

Chimphona ameiva chimagawidwa ku Central ndi South America. Amapezeka pagombe lakum'mawa kwa Brazil komanso mkati mwa Central America, kugombe lakumadzulo kwa Colombia, Ecuador ndi Peru. Mitunduyi imafalikira kwambiri kumwera, kumpoto kwa Argentina, kudzera ku Bolivia ndi Paraguay ndikupitanso ku Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad, Tobago ndi Panama. Posachedwa, ameiva wamkulu adapezeka ku Florida.

Malo okhala chimphona ameiva.

Ma Giant ameives amapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, amapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Brazil ku Amazon Basin, amakonda madambo ndi nkhalango zamvula. Buluzi amabisala pansi pa tchire ndi mulu wa masamba owuma, ming'alu pakati pa miyala, m'mabowo, pansi pa thunthu logwa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi dothi lotentha kwambiri komanso mchenga. Amayi akuluakulu amakhala m'minda, minda, ndi madera otseguka.

Zizindikiro zakunja za chimphona ameiva.

Zimphona zazikulu ndi abuluzi apakati ndi thupi lolemera pafupifupi 60 g komanso kutalika kwa 120 mpaka 130 mm. Amakhala ndi matupi otalika, kutalika kwake komwe kumafikira 180 mm mwa amuna. Mbale zamkati zapakati ndizitali 18 mm. Mawonekedwe akulu amakhala ndi zotupa zachikazi mmbali mwa miyendo yawo yakumbuyo. Kukula kwa pore ndikofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi, pafupifupi 1 mm m'mimba mwake. Mwa amuna, mzere umodzi wa ma pores umatsikira mwendo, kuyambira 17 mpaka 23, pomwe mwa akazi mulipo kuyambira 16 mpaka 22. Ma pores achikazi ndiosavuta kuwona, uwu ndi mkhalidwe wapadera wodziwitsa mtunduwo. Thupi lonse limadzazidwa ndi masikelo osalala. Mtundu wa amuna ndi akazi ndi wofanana. Komabe, ana amtundu wosiyana ndi achikulire. M'magulu akuluakulu, mzere wachikaso umadutsa kumbuyo kwake, mu abuluzi ang'onoang'ono umakhala woyera. Kuphatikiza pa mizere iyi yophimba mbali yakutsogolo kwa thupi, mitundu yonseyo ndi yakuda ndi yakuda. Mimba ndi yoyera. Amuna, mosiyana ndi akazi, ali ndi masaya.

Kubereka kwa chimphona ameiva.

Zochepa ndizopezeka pokhudza biology yobereka ya zimphona zazikuluzikulu. Nthawi yoswana ndi nthawi yamvula. Amuna amakonda kuteteza akazi nthawi yokwatirana. Zazikazi zimaswa mazira kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo zimakonda kubisala m'maenje awo panthawiyi.

Ikangotuluka, nthawi yoswa imakhala pafupifupi miyezi isanu, ndipo ana nthawi zambiri amatola kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamvula.

Kukula kwa clutch kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira 3 mpaka 11 ndipo zimadalira malo okhala ndi kukula kwa mkazi. Mazira ambiri amaikidwapo ndi ameives okhala ku Cerrado, pafupifupi 5-6. Chiwerengero cha mazira omwe amayikidwa chimayenderana mwachindunji ndi kutalika kwa thupi la mkazi; anthu okulira amatulutsa mazira ambiri. Ku Cerrado, zazikazi zimatha kugona mpaka katatu pakapita nthawi yobereka. Komabe, Giant Ameives imatha kubala chaka chonse m'malo omwe mvula imagwa mosalekeza chaka chonse. M'madera omwe nthawi yake siili bwino, kuswana kumachitika nthawi yamvula yokha. Chifukwa chachikulu chimakhulupirira kusowa kwa chakudya cha abuluzi akuluakulu komanso achinyamata nthawi yamvula. Amuna achimuna amakonda kukula msanga kuposa akazi. Mitundu yayikulu imatha kubereka patali pafupifupi 100 mm, pafupifupi miyezi 8 kuchokera pomwe amawonekera.

Palibe chidziwitso chazaka zonse za abuluzi akuluakulu kuthengo. Komabe, kutengera zomwe awona, titha kuganiza kuti atha kukhala zaka 4.6, mpaka zaka 2.8.

Makhalidwe a chimphona ameiva.

Ma Giant ameives si nyama zamtundu wina. Malo okhalamo munthu m'modzi amathamangira malo amizimbwi ina. Kukula kwa malo okhala kumadalira kukula ndi kugonana kwa buluzi.

Chiwembu chamwamuna chimakhala pafupifupi 376.8 sq. m, pomwe mkazi amakhala mdera laling'ono okhala ndi 173.7 sq. mamita.

Zotupitsa zachikazi, zomwe zimakhala mbali yakumbuyo kwa miyendo yakumbuyo ya chimphona ameiva, zimathandiza kwambiri pakudziwa kukula kwa dera. Zotupitsa za chikazi zimathandizanso kuwongolera momwe nyama zimakhalira nthawi yobereka. Matendawa achikazi amatulutsa zinthu zapadera zomwe zimakhudza kulumikizana kwapakati komanso kwapadera kwa abuluzi. Amathandizira kulemba malowo, kuwopseza adani ndi kuteteza ana kumlingo winawake. Zikakhala zoopsa, amphona akuluakulu amafunafuna kubisala pogona, ndipo ngati izi sizingachitike, amateteza ndikuluma.

Monga abuluzi ena onse, zimphona zikuluzikulu zimatha kutaya mchira wawo zikagwidwa ndi zilombo zolusa, iyi ndi nyerere yokwanira yokwanira kuti abuluzi abisala.

Chakudya cha chimphona ameiva.

Amayi akuluakulu amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe ka chakudya chimasiyana kutengera dera komanso malo okhala, makamaka amakhala ndi tizilombo. Ziwala, agulugufe, kafadala, mphemvu, mphutsi, akangaude ndi chiswe zimapezeka. Amayi akuluakulu amadyanso abuluzi ena. Chiwombankhanga sichidutsa kukula kwa abuluzi enieniwo.

Udindo wa chimphona ameiva.

Zithunzi zazikuluzikulu ndizonyamula tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'mataya, m'maselo am'minyewa, komanso kutuluka kwa abuluzi. Zowononga zambiri zimadya abulu akuluakulu, amakhala nyama za mbalame ndi njoka zosiyanasiyana. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya abuluzi omwe amakhala ku South America, iwo sakhala pamalo amodzi ndipo amapewa kuukira pamalo obisika, kubisala mwachangu kwambiri. Mitundu ya zokwawa iyi ndiyofunika kulumikizana ndi unyolo wama buzzards, ma kestrel aku America, Guir cuckoos, mbalame zakuda zakuda ndi njoka zamakorali. Mitundu yodziwika ya nyama zolusa monga mongoose ndi amphaka oweta samagwira abuluzi akuluakulu.

Kutanthauza kwa munthu.

Mitengo yayikulu imatha kunyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makamaka salmonellosis, omwe ndi owopsa kwa anthu. Chiwerengero cha matendawa ndi chachikulu kwambiri ku Panama ndi Ecuador. Giant Ameives ndi aukali mukasungidwa ngati ziweto. Zimapindulitsa pakukhazikika pafupi ndi minda yomwe ili ndi mbewu. Kupatula apo, chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi tizilombo, motero amalamulira kuchuluka kuti zisunge tizirombo tazomera.

Mkhalidwe wosungira chimphona ameiva.

Pakadali pano, amphona akulu samawopsezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwawo, chifukwa chake, njira zotetezera mitunduyi sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo.

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