Kangaude wam'manja wofiira ndi wa banja la Arachnid la gulu la Arachnids. Dzina lachi Latin la mitunduyo ndi Latrodectus hasselti.
Kufalitsa kwa kangaude wobwerera.
Kangaude wam'mbuyo wofiira amagawidwa ku Australia konse. Mitunduyi imakhalanso ku New Zealand (North and South Islands), yomwe imayambitsidwa kumeneko mwangozi potumiza mphesa zochokera ku Australia. Malo okhalamo amapezeka m'malo ambiri akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia ndi kumpoto kwa India. Kangaude wamtundu wofiira wawoneka posachedwa kumwera ndi pakati pa Japan.
Malo okhala kangaude wobwerera.
Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo amapezeka m'matawuni, amakonda kuthawirako nyengo yovuta m'malo osiyanasiyana. Amapezeka m'matawuni ndi m'matawuni konsekonse ku Australia, amakonda madera otentha komanso otentha. Sapezeka kwenikweni m'mapiri ndi madera amchipululu, omwe sapezeka m'mapiri. Maonekedwe a akangaude opha ku Japan akuwonetsa kuti amathanso kukhala ndi moyo kutentha kwambiri (-3 ° C).
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa kangaude wofiyira kumbuyo.
Kangaude wofiyira kumbuyo amasiyana ndi mitundu yofananira ndi kupezeka kwa mzere wofiira kumtunda kwa cephalothorax. Mkazi amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 10 mm, thupi lake ndi kukula kwa nsawawa yayikulu, ndipo ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa yamphongo (pafupifupi 3-4 mm). Mzimayi ndi wakuda wakuda ndi mzere wofiira, womwe nthawi zina umasokonezedwa kumtunda kwa mimba.
Mawanga ofiira ofiira a hourglass amawoneka mbali yamkati. Mkazi wachichepere amakhala ndi zipsera zoyera pamimba, zomwe zimasowa kangaude akamakula. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ofiira kwambiri ndi mzere wofiira kumbuyo ndi mawanga owala pakhosi pamimba, omwe samadziwika bwino kuposa akazi. Amuna amasunga zolemba zoyera mbali yakumbuyo yam'mimba mpaka atakula. Kangaude wam'mbuyo wofiyira amakhala ndi miyendo yopyapyala komanso maimbidwe ofinya.
Kubalana kwa kangaude wobwerera.
Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo amatha kukwatirana nthawi iliyonse pachaka, koma nthawi zambiri nthawi yotentha. Amuna angapo amawoneka pa intaneti ya mkazi wamkulu. Amapikisana wina ndi mnzake, nthawi zambiri amafa, kuti akwatirane, nthawi ya chibwenzi imakhala pafupifupi maola atatu. Komabe, yamphongo yotsogola imathamanga ikawonekera ina yamphongo.
Ngati kangaude wopitilira amayandikira chachikazi mwachangu, ndiye kuti amadya champhongo asanakwatirane.
Nthawi yogonana, umuna umalowa kumaliseche kwa akazi ndipo umasungidwa mpaka mazirawo atakhala ndi umuna, nthawi zina mpaka zaka ziwiri. Pambuyo pokwatirana, kangaude samayankha anzawo ndipo 80% yamwamuna sakupeza wokwatirana naye. Mkaziyo amakhala ndi mapaketi angapo a mazira, omwe amakhala ndi thumba la dzira pafupifupi 10, lililonse lomwe limakhala ndi mazira pafupifupi 250. Mazira oyera amayikidwa pa ndodo, koma pakapita nthawi amasanduka bulauni.
Kutalika kwa chitukuko kumadalira kutentha, kutentha kwabwino kumawonedwa ngati 30 ° C. Akangaude amapezeka pa 27 - 28 tsiku, mwachangu amasiya gawo la amayi, tsiku la 14 amabalalika pa intaneti mosiyanasiyana. Amayi achikazi amatha kubereka patadutsa masiku 120, amuna atadutsa masiku 90. Amayi amakhala zaka 2-3, pomwe amuna amangokhala miyezi 6-7.
Khalidwe la kangaude wobwerera.
Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo amakhala achinsinsi, usiku wa arachnids. Amabisala m'malo ouma pansi pa ma awning, m'misewu yakale, pakati pa nkhuni zosanjikizana. Akangaude amakhala pansi pamiyala, mitengo kapena pakati pazomera zochepa.
Mofanana ndi akangaude ambiri, akazi amaluka nsalu zapadera zolukidwa ndi ulusi wolimba; amuna samatha kupanga maukonde otchera. Kangaudeyu amawoneka ngati nthyole yosakhazikika. Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo amakhala osakhazikika kumbuyo kwa fanilo nthawi zambiri. Amamangidwa m'njira yoti akangaude amve kugwedera komwe kumachitika nyama ikamagwera mumsampha.
M'miyezi yozizira yozizira ku Japan, akangaude amachita mantha. Khalidweli silinawonedwe kwina kulikonse padziko lapansi pomwe akangaudewa amakhala.
Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo ndi nyama zokhala pansi ndipo amakonda kukhala malo amodzi. Akangaude achichepere amakhala mothandizidwa ndi ulusi wa kangaude, womwe umatengedwa ndimlengalenga ndikupita nawo kumalo atsopano.
Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo amagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zofiira pa carapace kuti achenjeze zolusa za chilengedwe chawo chakupha. Koma sizosadabwitsa kuti akangaude owopsa ngati awa ali ndi adani m'chilengedwe omwe amalimbana ndikumadya akangaude owopsa. Zolusa izi ndi akangaude oyera.
Kudya kangaude wofiira.
Akangaude ofiira ofiira ndi ophera tizilombo ndipo amatenga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwidwa mu intaneti zawo. Nthawi zina amagwiranso nyama zikuluzikulu zomwe zimagwidwa mu ukonde: mbewa, mbalame zazing'ono, njoka, abuluzi ang'onoang'ono, crickets, May beetles, ndi cross beetles. Akangaude amtundu wofiira amaba nyama zomwe zimagwidwa mumsampha wa akangaude ena. Amayika misampha yapadera kwa wozunzidwayo. Usiku, zazikazi zimapanga ukonde wovuta kwambiri wa kangaude womwe umayenda mbali zonse, kuphatikizapo kumamatira kumtunda.
Kenako akangaude amaimirira ndikukakola ulusi womata, amabwereza zochitika zingapo kangapo, ndikupanga misampha yambiri, wogwidwawo adafa ziwalo ndi poyizoni ndi kachingwe.
Kangaude wam'mbuyo wofiira ndi m'modzi mwa ma arachnids owopsa.
Akangaude ofiira kumbuyo ndi ena mwa akangaude owopsa ku Australia. Zazikazi zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimaluma m'nyengo yachilimwe komanso kumapeto kwa nthawi yadzuwa kukama kutentha komanso akangaude amakhala otakataka. Akangaude ofiyira kumbuyo amatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa poyizoni yemwe amalowetsa munyama zawo. Gawo lalikulu la poizoni ndi chinthu α-latrotoxin, zomwe zimatsimikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa jakisoni.
Amuna amaluma zopweteka, zowopsa, koma pafupifupi 80% ya kulumidwa alibe zomwe amayembekezera. Mu 20% yamilandu, zopweteka zimapezeka patsamba la kumeza kwa poizoni pambuyo pa maola 24 okha. Pazovuta zazikulu, kupweteka kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymph nodes, kutuluka thukuta, kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima, nthawi zina kusanza, kupweteka mutu ndi kugona tulo. Zizindikiro za poyizoni zimatha kupitilira masiku, masabata, kapena miyezi. Zizindikiro zoopsa zikawonekera, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera mu mnofu, nthawi zina jakisoni angapo amaperekedwa.
Kuteteza kwa kangaude wofiyira kumbuyo.
Kangaude wam'manja ofiyira pakadali pano alibe mwayi wapadera wosamalira.
