Bakha wa Caroline (Aix sponsa) ndi wa banja la bakha, dongosolo la Anseriformes.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa bakha la Caroline
Bakha wa Carolina ali ndi thupi lokulirapo masentimita 54, mapiko otambalala: masentimita 68 - 74. Kulemera kwake: 482 - 862 magalamu.
Mtundu wa bakhawu ndi umodzi mwamadzi a mbalame zokongola kwambiri ku North America. Dzinalo la sayansi Aix sponsa amatanthauzira kuti "mbalame yamadzi mu diresi laukwati." Nthenga za mwamuna ndi mkazi m'nyengo yokwatira zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri.
Mutu wa drake umawala mumtambo wonyezimira wabuluu wakuda ndi wobiriwira wakuda pamwamba, komanso wofiirira kumbuyo kwa mutu. Violet mithunzi imawonekeranso m'maso ndi masaya. Nthenga zokutira ndi zakuda. Mitundu yokongola kwambiri imeneyi imasiyana ndi mitundu yofiira kwambiri ya maso, komanso mabwalo ozungulira ofiira a lalanje.
Mutuwo ndi wokutidwa ndi mizere yoyera yoyera. Kuchokera pachibwano ndi pakhosi, zomwe ndi zoyera, mikwingwirima iwiri yoyandikana, yoyera imakulitsa. Mmodzi mwa iwo amayenda mbali imodzi ya nkhope ndikukwera kumaso, kuphimba masaya, inayo kutambasula pansi pa tsaya ndikubwerera kukhosi. Mlomo ndi wofiira m'mbali, pinki wokhala ndi mzere wakuda pamapiko, ndipo m'munsi mwa mulomo ndi wachikasu. Khosi lokhala ndi mzere wakuda wakuda.
Chifuwacho ndi chofiirira chokhala ndi mawanga ofiira otuwa mkati mwake. Mbalizo ndizosalala, zotumbululuka. Mikwingwirima yoyera ndi yakuda imasiyanitsa mbali ndi nthitiyo. Mimbayo ndi yoyera. Mbali ya ntchafu ndi yofiirira. Msana, chikwapu, nthenga za mchira, ndi zoyika pansi ndi zakuda. Nthenga zovundikira zapakati zamapiko zimakhala zakuda ndi zowoneka bwino. Nthenga zazikulu zimakhala zofiirira. "Mirror" ndi yabuluu, yoyera m'mphepete kumbuyo. Mapiko ndi miyendo ndi zachikasu.
Yaimuna kunja kwa nyengo yoswana imawoneka ngati yaikazi, koma imasungabe mtundu wa milomo mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Nthenga za mkazi ndizofewa, zotuwa-bulauni ndi utoto wowoneka bwino.
Mutu ndi wotuwa, mmero ndi woyera. White malo mawonekedwe a dontho, chammbuyo kumbuyo, ili mozungulira maso. Mzere woyera umazungulira m'munsi mwa mlomo, womwe uli ndi imvi yakuda. Iris ndi bulauni, mabwalo ozungulira ndi achikasu. Chifuwa ndi mbali zake ndi zamawangamawanga. Thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi nthenga zofiirira ndimtambo wagolide. Mapiko ndi achikasu achikasu. Bakha wa Carolina ali ndi zokongoletsa ngati chisa chogwera pakhosi, chomwe chimapezeka mwa amuna ndi akazi.
Mbalame zazing'ono zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nthenga zopanda pake ndipo ndizofanana ndi zazimayi. Chipewa kumutu ndi bulauni wonyezimira. Iris ndi bulauni wonyezimira, mabwalo ozungulira ndi oyera. Mlomo ndi wabulauni. Pali malo oyera oyera pamapiko. Bakha wa Caroline sangasokonezedwe ndi mitundu ina ya abakha, koma zazikazi ndi mbalame zazing'ono zimafanana ndi bakha la chimandarini.
Malo okhala bakha wa Caroline
Bakha wa Karolinska amakhala m'malo omwe ali ndi madambo, mayiwe, nyanja, mitsinje yomwe ikuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Amapezeka m'nkhalango zosakanikirana kapena zosakanikirana. Amakonda malo okhala ndi madzi komanso masamba obiriwira.
Bakha wa Carolina anafalikira
Bakha wa Caroline amakhala zokhazokha ku Nearctique. Kawirikawiri amafalikira ku Mexico. Amapanga anthu awiri ku North America:
- Mmodzi amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja kuchokera kumwera kwa Canada kupita ku Florida,
- Lina lili pagombe lakumadzulo kuchokera ku British Columbia kupita ku California.
Mwangozi zimauluka kupita ku Azores ndi Western Europe.
Mtundu uwu wa abakha umasungidwa ukapolo, mbalame zimakhala zosavuta kuswana ndipo zimagulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika mtengo. Nthawi zina mbalame zimauluka ndikukhala kuthengo. Izi zimachitika makamaka ku Western Europe, kuyambira pa 50 mpaka 100 abakha awiri a Caroline amakhala ku Germany ndi Belgium.
Makhalidwe a bakha la Caroline
Abakha a Caroline samangokhala m'madzi okha, koma amadziwa nthaka. Mtundu wa bakhawu umasunga malo obisika kwambiri kuposa ma anatidae ena. Amasankha malo omwe nthambi zamitengo zimapachikidwa pamadzi, zomwe zimabisa mbalame kuchokera kuzilombo ndikuwapatsa malo okhala odalirika. Abakha a Caroline pamapazi awo amakhala ndi zikhadabo zazikulu zomwe zimawalola kumamatira ku khungwa la mitengo.
Amadyetsa, monga lamulo, m'madzi osaya, akuyenda, nthawi zambiri pamtunda.
Bakha uyu samakonda kumira. Amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, komabe, nthawi yophukira-nthawi yachisanu amasonkhana m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 1,000.
Kuswana bakha la Caroline
Abakha a Caroline ndi mitundu yokhayokha ya mbalame, koma osati gawo. Nthawi yoswana imadalira malo okhala. M'madera akumwera amaswana kuyambira Januware mpaka February, zigawo zakumpoto pambuyo pake - kuyambira Marichi mpaka Epulo.
Abakha a Caroline amakhala m'mabowo amitengo, amakhala zisa za nkhalango yayikulu ndi zina zopanda pake, amasintha kukhala m'nyumba zamanyumba, ndikukhazikika muzisa zopangira. M'malo awo achilengedwe, kusakanizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya abakha, makamaka mallard, ndizotheka. Pakati pa chibwenzi, champhongo chimasambira kutsogolo kwa chachikazi, chitukula mapiko ake ndi mchira, mosungunula chimasungunula nthenga, ndikuwonetsa zazikulu za utawaleza. Nthawi zina mbalame zimawongola nthenga.
Mkazi, limodzi ndi wamwamuna, amasankha malo okhala.
Amayikira mazira 6 mpaka 16, yoyera - zonona, amafikira masiku 23 - 37. Kukhalapo kwa malo ambiri okhala zisa kumachepetsa mpikisano ndipo kumawonjezera kupanga nkhuku. Nthawi zina mitundu ina ya bakha imayikira mazira awo mu chisacho cha bakha wa Caroline, kotero pakhoza kukhala anapiye 35 mwa ana. Ngakhale izi, palibe mpikisano ndi mitundu ina ya anatidae.
Pambuyo pobereka, wamwamuna samasiya wamkazi, amakhalabe pafupi ndipo amatha kutsogolera ana. Anapiye amachoka pachisa nthawi yomweyo ndikudumphira m'madzi. Ngakhale atakhala otalika bwanji, samavulala kawirikawiri akamakumana ndi madzi koyamba. Pakakhala zoopsa zowoneka, wamkazi amapanga mluzu, zomwe zimapangitsa anapiye kulowa m'madzi nthawi yomweyo.
Abakha achichepere amakhala odziyimira pawokha pakatha masabata 8 mpaka 10 azaka. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa kufa pakati pa anapiye ndikokwera chifukwa cha kusanachitike kwa minks, njoka, ma raccoon, ndi akamba opitilira 85%. Abakha achikulire a Caroline amenyedwa ndi nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe.
Chakudya cha bakha cha Caroline
Abakha a Caroline ndi omnivores ndipo amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Amadyetsa mbewu, zopanda mafupa, kuphatikizapo tizilombo ta m'madzi ndi zapadziko lapansi, ndi zipatso.
Mkhalidwe wosungira bakha wa Caroline
Manambala a bakha a Caroline adatsika m'zaka zonse za zana la 20, makamaka chifukwa chowombera mbalame kwambiri ndi nthenga zokongola. Pambuyo podzitchinjiriza, kuphatikiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa Msonkhano Wosamalira Mbalame Zosamukira ku Canada ndi United States, zomwe zidathetsa kuwononga kopanda tanthauzo kwa mbalame zokongola, kuchuluka kwa bakha wa Caroline kudayamba kukwera.
Tsoka ilo, mtundu uwu umakhala pachiwopsezo cha ziwopsezo zina, monga kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala chifukwa cha ngalande zamadambo. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zina za anthu zikupitilizabe kuwononga nkhalango mozungulira matupi amadzi.
Kusunga bakha wa Caroline, zisa zopangira zimakhazikitsidwa m'malo okhala zisa, malowo amabwezeretsedwanso ndipo kuswana kwa bakha wosowa mu ukapolo kukupitilizabe.
