Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines (Pithecophaga jefferyi) ndi cha Falconiformes.
Zizindikiro zakunja za mphungu yaku Philippines
Chiwombankhanga ku Philippines ndi mbalame yayikulu yodya 86-102 masentimita kukula kwake ndi mlomo waukulu komanso nthenga zazitali kumbuyo kwa mutu, zomwe zimawoneka ngati chisa chachikulu.
Nthenga za nkhope yake ndi yakuda, kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi korona wamutu ndizokometsera zokoma ndi mizere yakuda ya thunthu. Thupi lakumtunda ndi lofiirira lakuthwa komanso m'mbali mwake mwa nthenga. Underwings ndi underwings ndi zoyera. Iris ndi imvi yotumbululuka. Mlomo wake ndiwokwera komanso wamtambo, wakuda mdima. Miyendo ndi yachikaso, yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazikulu zakuda.
Amuna ndi akazi amafanana mofananamo.
Anapiye aphimbidwa ndi zoyera pansi. Nthenga za ziwombankhanga zazing'ono zaku Philippines ndizofanana ndi mbalame zazikulu, koma nthenga kumtunda kwake zimakhala ndi malire oyera. Pothawa, chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines chimasiyanitsidwa ndi chifuwa choyera, mchira wautali ndi mapiko ozungulira.
Kufalikira kwa mphungu yaku Philippines
Chiwombankhanga ku Philippines chimapezeka ku Philippines. Mitunduyi imagawidwa ku East Luzon, Samara, Leyte ndi Mindanao. Mbalame zambiri zimakhala ku Mindanao, kuchuluka kwake kukuyerekeza kuti ndi mitundu 82-233 yoswana. Zisamba zisanu ndi chimodzi ku Samara ndipo mwina awiri ku Leyte, komanso awiri ku Luzon.
Malo okhala ziwombankhanga ku Philippines
Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines chimakhala m'nkhalango zoyambirira za dipterocarp. Amakonda makamaka malo otsetsereka okhala ndi nkhalango zowoneka bwino, koma samawoneka pansi pa denga la nkhalango. M'malo amapiri, amasungidwa pamtunda wa mamita 150 mpaka 1450.
Kubalana kwa mphungu yaku Philippines
Chiyerekezo chofufuza zakugawana zisa za chiwombankhanga ku Philippines ku Mindanao chikuwonetsa kuti mbalame iliyonse imafunikira pafupifupi 133 km2 kukhalamo, kuphatikiza 68 km2 ya nkhalango. Ku Mindanao, ziwombankhanga zimayamba kupanga chisa kuyambira Seputembara mpaka Disembala m'madera oyambilira komanso osokonekera, koma ndizosiyana pakuswana kwakanthawi ku Mindanao ndi Luzon.
Moyo wathunthu wonse umatha zaka ziwiri kuti maanja akulere ana. Munthawi imeneyi, m'badwo umodzi wokha wachinyamata umakula. Ziwombankhanga za ku Philippines ndi mbalame zokhazikika zomwe zimapanga magulu awiri. Akazi amatha kubereka ali ndi zaka zisanu, ndipo amuna pambuyo pake, ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mnzake akamwalira, si zachilendo kwa ziwombankhanga zaku Philippines, mbalame yotsalira yokhayo imasaka mnzake.
Pakati pa nyengo yoswana, ziwombankhanga zaku Philippines zimawonetsa kuwuluka, zomwe zimaphatikizana, kuthamangitsana, komanso maulendo apandege. Pakulumikizana mozungulira mozungulira, mbalame zonse ziwiri zimauluka mosavuta m'malere, pomwe yamphongo nthawi zambiri imawuluka kuposa yazimayi. Chiwombankhanga chimamanga chisa chachikulu chotalika kupitirira mita. Ili pansi pa denga la nkhalango ya dipterocarp kapena ferns zazikulu za epiphytic. Zomangira ndi nthambi zowola ndi nthambi, mosanjikizana pamwamba pake.
Mkazi amaikira dzira limodzi.
Mwana wankhuku amatha masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi (60) ndipo samachoka pachisa kwa milungu 7-8. Chiwombankhanga chaching'ono chimadziyimira pawokha pakatha miyezi 5. Imakhalabe m'chisa kwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines chakhala m'ndende kwa zaka zoposa 40.
Kudyetsa chiwombankhanga ku Philippines
Kapangidwe ka chakudya cha chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines chimasiyanasiyana pachilumba chilichonse:
- Ku Mindinao, nyama yayikulu yomwe chiwombankhanga ku Philippines chikuwuluka;
- Amadyetsa mitundu iwiri ya makoswe ku Luzon.
Zakudyazo zimaphatikizaponso nyama zazikulu zapakatikati: ma civets amanjedza, agwape ang'onoang'ono, agologolo akuuluka, mileme ndi anyani. Ziwombankhanga zaku Philippines zimasaka njoka, kuyang'anira abuluzi, mbalame, mileme ndi anyani.
Mbalame zodya nyama zimachoka pachisa chomwe chili pamwamba pa phiri kenako zimatsika pang'onopang'ono, kenako zimakwera phirilo ndikutsikira pansi pomwe. Amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi poyenda kuti asunge mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo kukwera pamwamba pa phiri. Nthawi zina mbalame zimasaka pamodzi. Chiwombankhanga china chimagwira ngati nyambo, kukopa gulu la anyani, pomwe mnzake imagwira nyani kumbuyo. Ziwombankhanga zaku Philippines nthawi zina zimaukira nyama zoweta monga mbalame ndi ana a nkhumba.
Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa chiwombankhanga ku Philippines
Kuwonongedwa kwa nkhalango komanso kugawanika kwa malo okhala komwe kumachitika mukadula mitengo ndikukula kwa nthaka yazomera za mbewu zolimidwa ndizomwe zimawopseza kukhalapo kwa chiwombankhanga ku Philippines. Kutha kwa nkhalango zokhwima kumapitilira mwachangu, kotero kuti kuli 9,220 km2 yokha yopangira zisa. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhalango zambiri zotsika zotsalira zimatsitsidwa. Kukula kwa ntchito zamigodi kumayambitsanso vuto lina.
Kusaka kosalamulirika, kutenga mbalame kumalo osungira nyama, ziwonetsero ndi malonda ndizowopseza kwambiri mphungu yaku Philippines. Ziwombankhanga zosadziŵa zambiri zimagwera mosavuta mumsampha wa alenje. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pochizira mbewu kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa kubereka. Kusamba kochepa kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa mbalame zomwe zimatha kubala ana.
Kuteteza kwa mphungu yaku Philippines
Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosowa kwambiri ya ziwombankhanga padziko lapansi. Mu Red Book, ndi mtundu wokhala pangozi. Kuchepa kwakachulukirachulukira kwa mbalame zosawerengeka kwachitika m'mibadwo itatu yapitayi, kutengera kuchuluka kwa malo okhala.
Njira zotetezera chiwombankhanga ku Philippines
Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines (Pithecophaga jefferyi) chimatetezedwa ndi malamulo ku Philippines. Kugulitsa ndi kutumiza kunja kwa mbalame kumangokhala pa pulogalamu ya CITES. Ntchito zosiyanasiyana zapangidwa kuti ziteteze ziwombankhanga zosowa, kuphatikiza malamulo oletsa kufunafuna ndi kuteteza zisa, ntchito yofufuza, ntchito zodziwitsa anthu, komanso ntchito zoswana.
Ntchito yosamalira ikuchitika m'malo angapo otetezedwa, kuphatikiza Sierra Madre Northern Nature Park ku Luzon, Kitanglad MT, ndi Mindanao Nature Parks. Pali Philippine Eagle Foundation, yomwe imagwira ntchito ku Davao, Mindanao, ndikuyang'anira zoyesayesa zoweta, kuwongolera ndikusunga anthu amtchire a Philippine Eagle. Maziko akugwira ntchito yopanga pulogalamu yobwezeretsanso mbalame zachilendo zomwe zimadya. Kulima ndi kuotcha kumayang'aniridwa ndi malamulo amderalo. Kuyang'anira obiriwira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza malo okhala m'nkhalango. Pulogalamuyi imapereka kafukufuku wina wokhudza kugawa, kuchuluka, zosowa zachilengedwe komanso kuwopseza zamoyo zosowa.
