Chiwombankhanga cha nkhanza (Spizaetus tyrannys) kapena hawk wakuda - chiwombankhanga ndi cha dongosolo la nkhandwe.
Zizindikiro zakunja za mphamba wakuda - mphungu
Chiwombankhanga chakuda chimayeza masentimita 71. Mapiko a mapiko: 115 mpaka 148 cm. Kulemera kwake: 904-1120 g.
Nthenga za mbalame zazikulu zimakhala zakuda kwambiri ndi utoto wofiirira, wokhala ndi mawanga oyera oyera m'matchafu komanso pansi pamchira, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera kwambiri. Mawanga oyera amapezekanso pakhosi ndi m'mimba. Pali nthenga zoyera kumbuyo. Mchirawo ndi wakuda, wokhala ndi nsonga yoyera ndi mikwingwirima itatu yotuwa. Mikwingwirima yofanana ndi mizere yomwe ili m'munsi nthawi zambiri imabisika.
Ziwombankhanga zakuda zakuda zimakhala ndi nthenga zoyera zokhala ndi mawanga akuda m'derali kuyambira mutu mpaka pachifuwa. Chipewa chimasungidwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Pali mitsinje yakuda yobalalika pakhosi ndi pachifuwa yomwe imakhazikika pambali. Mikwingwirima yofiirira imayima pakhosi. Thupi lonselo lili ndi bulauni yakuda kumtunda, koma nthenga zamapiko, kuphatikiza mchira, ndizoyera. Mimbayo ndi yofiirira komanso imakhala ndi mawanga osayera konse. Ntchafu ndi anus zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira komanso yoyera. Mchirawo uli ndi nsonga yoyera kwambiri ndi mikwingwirima yaying'ono ngati 4 kapena 5. Iwo ali otuwa pamwamba ndi oyera pansi.
Ziwombankhanga zakuda zakuda - nkhwangwa zam'madzi kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba, nthenga zawo zimakhala zakuda, chifuwa chawo ndi chakuda, mimba ili ndi nthenga zakuda ndi zoyera.
Mbalame za chaka chachiwiri zimakhala ndi mtundu wa nthenga, monga ziwombankhanga zazikulu, komabe zimasungabe nsidze zawo ndi mikwingwirima yoyera, yowala kapena mikwingwirima pakhosi, ndi mawanga angapo oyera pamimba.
Iris mwa ziwombankhanga zazikulu zakuda zamtunduwu zimasiyana kuyambira golide wachikaso mpaka lalanje. Voskovitsa ndipo gawo lina lowonekera ndi slate imvi. Miyendo ndi yachikaso kapena yachikasu-chikasu. Mu mbalame zazing'ono, iris ndi wachikaso kapena wachikasu-bulauni. Miyendo yawo ndi yopepuka kuposa ya ziwombankhanga zazikulu.
Malo okhala mbewa zakuda - chiwombankhanga
Black Hawk - Chiwombankhanga chimakhala pansi pa denga la nkhalango m'malo otentha ndi otentha kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi gombe kapena m'mbali mwa mitsinje. Mtundu uwu wa mbalame zodya nyama umapezekanso m'malo olima nthaka pokonzanso ndi m'nkhalango zotseguka. Black Hawk - Chiwombankhanga chimakhalanso m'chigwa ndi zigwa, koma chimakonda malo okhala ndi mapiri. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa m'nkhalango za morcelées, koma sizinyalanyaza nkhalango zina, kuphatikiza mitengo yomwe imapanga denga la nkhalango. Chiwombankhanga chakuda chimakwera kuchokera kunyanja kufika pamamita 2,000. Koma malo ake amakhala pakati pa 200 ndi 1,500 mita.
Hawk wakuda kufalikira - mphungu
Black Eagle ndimphamba yakubadwa ku Central ndi South America. Imafalikira kuchokera kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Mexico kupita ku Paraguay komanso kumpoto kwa Argentina (Missiones). Ku Central America, amapezeka ku Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador ndi Honduras. Alibe ku South America, ku Andes ku Ecuador, Peru ndi Bolivia. Kukhalapo kwake sikudziwika kwenikweni ku Venezuela. Subpecies 2 zimadziwika movomerezeka.
Makhalidwe a nkhwangwa yakuda - chiwombankhanga
Mphungu zakuda - akalulu amakhala okha kapena awiriawiri. Mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimayenda maulendo ataliatali ozungulira. Kuyang'anira uku m'derali kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo kumatsagana ndi kufuula. Kwenikweni, maulendo oterewa amakhala munthawi yoyamba m'mawa komanso tsiku lisanafike. Munthawi yakumasirana, ziwombankhanga zakuda zimawonetsa zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mbalame ziwiri. Mitundu iyi ya mbalame zomwe zimadya nyama zimangokhala, koma nthawi ndi nthawi zimasamukira komweko. Amasamukira ku Trinidad ndi Peninsula Yucatan.
Kubala hawk wakuda - mphungu
Ku Central America, nyengo yogona ya ziwombankhanga zakuda imayamba kuyambira Disembala mpaka Ogasiti. Chisa ndichinthu chazithunzi zitatu zopangidwa ndi nthambi, m'mimba mwake ndi pafupifupi mita 1,25. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 13 ndi 20 mita pamwamba pa nthaka. Imabisala pa chisoti chachifumu chachifumu (Roystonea regia) m'munsi mwa nthambi yotsatira kapena mumtambo wolimba wazomera zomwe zimakwera mumtengowo. Mkazi amaikira mazira 1-2. Nthawi yosamalitsa sikudziwika, koma zikuwoneka, monga mbalame zambiri zodya nyama, zidatenga pafupifupi masiku 30. Anapiye akhala pachisa kuyambira nthawi yomwe amaswa mazira kwa masiku 70. Pambuyo pake, amakhala pafupi ndi chisa kwa miyezi yambiri.
Chakudya chakuda chakuda - chiwombankhanga
Ziwombankhanga zakuda zimadya makamaka mbalame ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala mumitengo. Kukonda chakudya china kumadalira dera. Amagwira njoka ndi abuluzi akuluakulu. Pakati pa mbalame, nyama zazikulu zazikulu zokwanira zimasankhidwa, monga ortalides kapena pénélopes, toucans ndi araçaris. Kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Mexico, amapanga pafupifupi 50% yazakudya za mphungu zakuda. Mbalame zazing'ono, odutsa ndi anapiye awo, nawonso ndi gawo la chakudya chawo. Zinyama zokhala ndi nthenga zimadya nyama zazing'ono mpaka zapakatikati monga anyani ang'onoang'ono, agologolo, marsupials ndipo nthawi zina mileme yogona.
Pofunafuna nyama, ziwombankhanga zakuda - nkhwangwa zimayang'ana malowa ndi diso lowoneka bwino. Nthawi zina amakhala mumitengo, kenako nyamuka nthawi ndi nthawi mumlengalenga. Amagwira omwe amawachita padziko lapansi kapena amawathamangira mlengalenga.
Kuteteza kwa mphungu yakuda
Kugawidwa kwa chiwombankhanga chakuda chimakwirira ma kilomita lalikulu 9 miliyoni. M'dera lalikululi, kukhalapo kwamtunduwu wa mbalame zodya nyama kumawerengedwa kuti ndi wamba. Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira pakachulukidwe ka anthu. Komabe, kumadera ena, chiwerengerochi cha chiwombankhanga chakuda chatsika kwambiri. Kutsika uku kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo: kudula mitengo mwachangu, zomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo, kusaka kosalamulirika. Malinga ndi zomwe sizili zolondola, kuchuluka kwa chiwombankhanga chakuda pafupifupi pakati pa 20,000 ndi 50,000. Mtundu uwu wa mbalame zodya nyama zimatha kuzolowera kupezeka kwa anthu kuposa mitundu ina ya mbalame zodya nyama zomwe zimakhala mdera lino, zomwe ndi chitsimikizo chapadera mtsogolo. Hawk Wakuda - Chiwombankhanga chimasankhidwa kukhala mtundu wokhala ndi ziwopsezo zochepa kwambiri.
