Corridoras panda (lat. Corydoras panda) kapena monga amatchedwanso catfish panda, wokhala ku South America. Amakhala ku Peru ndi ku Ecuador, makamaka mumitsinje ya Rio Aqua, Rio Amaryl, komanso pagawo loyenera la Amazon - Rio Ucayali.
Mitunduyi itayamba kupezeka m'madzi odyetserako zokolola, idayamba kutchuka kwambiri, makamaka pambuyo poyesa bwino kuswana.
Malo okhala catfish amadziwika chifukwa chamadzi awo ofewa komanso acidic, omwe amayenda pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi omwe ali mmenemo ndi ozizira pang'ono kuposa mitsinje ina mderali.
Mtunduwo udayamba kufotokozedwa ndi Randolph H. Richards mu 1968. Mu 1971 adadzipatsa dzina la panda wamkulu, yemwe ali ndi thupi lowala komanso mabwalo akuda mozungulira maso ake, ndipo nsombayo imafanana ndi mtundu wake.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Corydoras panda ndi amtundu wa Corydoras, banja lankhondo lankhondo la Callichthyidae. Wachibadwidwe ku South America. Amakhala ku Peru ndi ku Ecuador, makamaka mdera la Guanaco, komwe amakhala mumitsinje ya Rio Aqua ndi Ucayali.
Amakhala m'mitsinje yokhala ndi mafunde othamanga, mpweya wokwanira m'madzi ndi magawo amchenga kapena miyala. Monga lamulo, zomera zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi zimakula kwambiri m'malo amenewa.
Kuyandikira kwa malo okhala nsomba kumapiri a Andes ndi kudyetsedwa kwa mitsinje iyi ndi madzi osungunuka kuchokera ku chipale chofewa cha Andes kumtunda wapamwamba kwapangitsa kuti nsomba zizizolowera kutentha kuzizira kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi nsomba "zotentha" - kutentha kwake kumakhala 16 ° C mpaka 28 ° C.
Ngakhale nsomba zimawonetsa kukonda gawo lotentha la sipekitiramu, makamaka mu ukapolo. Zowonadi, imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 12 ° C kwakanthawi kochepa, ngakhale kulera ukapolo m'malo otentha otere sikuvomerezeka.
Madzi m'chilengedwe amakhala opanda mchere, wofewa, osalowerera ndale kapena pH pang'ono. M'nyanja yamchere, amatha kusintha mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, koma pakuswana ndikofunikira kubereka zachilengedwe.
Yoyamba kufotokozedwa ndi Randolph H. Richard mu 1968, ndipo mu 1971 adalandira dzina lachilatini Corydoras panda (Nijssen ndi Isbrücker). Ili ndi dzina loti mawanga akuda ozungulira maso, okumbutsa mtundu wa panda yayikulu.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Nsombazo sizovuta kwenikweni, koma zimatengera chidziwitso kuti zisunge. Ma aquarists ovomerezeka amayenera kuyesera mitundu ina yamakhonde, monga kolowera wamawangamawanga.
Komabe, nsombazi zimafunikira kudyetsedwa kochuluka komanso kwapamwamba, madzi oyera komanso abale ambiri ozungulira.
Kufotokozera
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nsombazi zinatchedwa dzina lofanana ndi panda wamkulu.
Khonde lili ndi thupi lowala kapena pinki pang'ono lomwe lili ndi mawanga atatu akuda. Chimodzi chimayambira pamutu ndikuzungulira maso, ndikufanana kumeneku komwe kunapatsa mphamba dzina.
Chachiwiri chili kumapeto kwa dorsal, ndipo chachitatu chimakhala pafupi ndi caudal.
Mamembala onse am'banja la Callichthyidae amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mbale zamfupa pathupi, m'malo mwa mamba. Mbale izi zimakhala zida zankhondo za nsomba, osakhala chifukwa chake oimira onse Callichthyidae wotchedwa armored catfish. Pankhani yapa corridor, ma mbalewo amawoneka bwino chifukwa cha mtundu wa nsombayo.
Akuluakulu amatha kukula kwa masentimita 5.5, omwe ndi kukula kwazimayi, omwe amakhala akulu kuposa amuna. Kuphatikiza apo, akazi amakhala ozungulira kwambiri.
Pali chinsalu chotchedwa catfish, chosiyana ndi zipsepse. Pakukonza, kusamalira ndi kuswana, ali ofanana.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Monga makonde ena, panda amafunikira madzi oyera okhala ndi magawo okhazikika. Mwachilengedwe, makonde awa amakhala mumadzi oyera bwino, makamaka poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, monga khonde lagolide.
Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse ndi kusefera ndikofunikira. Magawo madzi - ndale kapena pang'ono acidic.
Kutentha kosungidwa kwa catfish ndikotsika kuposa nsomba zina zam'madzi - pafupifupi 22 ° C. Chifukwa cha izi, muyenera kusankha nsomba zogwirizana ndi kutentha. Ayenera kumva bwino kutentha pakati pa 20 ° C mpaka 25 ° C.
Komabe, pafupifupi nsomba zonse zomwe mungagule zimasinthidwa kale kuti zizikhala mderalo ndipo zimakula bwino ndikutentha kwambiri.
Nthaka imafuna zofewa ndi zapakatikati, mchenga kapena miyala yoyera. Ndikofunika kuwunika kuyera kwa nthaka, kupewa acidification komanso kuchuluka kwa nitrate m'madzi. Catfish, monga okhala pansi, ndiye oyamba kuphulika.
Zomera zamoyo ndizofunikira, koma sizofunikira kwambiri monga mitengo yokhotakhota, mapanga, ndi malo ena omwe nkhono zimatha kuthawira.
Amakonda malo amdima, zomera zazikulu kapena mitundu yoyandama yomwe imapanga mthunzi wambiri ndiyofunikira.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo sichinafotokozeredwe bwino. Koma potengera kutalika kwa moyo wamakonde ena, titha kuganiza kuti atasamalidwa bwino atha kukhala zaka khumi.
Ngakhale
Catfish panda ndi nsomba zamtendere kwambiri komanso zosangalatsa.
Monga makonde ambiri, panda ndi nsomba yophunzirira. Koma, ngati makonde akuluakulu amatha kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu mgululi ndikofunikira pamtunduwu.
Zabwino kwa anthu 15-20, koma osachepera 6-8 ngati malo ndi ochepa.
Nsombazi ndizophunzira, zikuyenda mozungulira nyanja yamchere mu gulu. Ngakhale amagwirizana ndi mitundu yonse ya nsomba, sikulangizidwa kuti azisunga ndi mitundu ikuluikulu yomwe imatha kusaka kansomba kakang'ono aka.
Komanso, oyandikana nawo oyipa adzakhala matumba a Sumatran, chifukwa amatha kukhala owopsa komanso kuwopseza mphamba.
Tetra, zebrafish, rasbora, ndi ma haracin ena ndiabwino. Amayanjananso bwino ndi mitundu ina yamakhonde. Amamva bwino palimodzi pomenya nawo nkhondo, amatha kuwatenga kuti akhale awawo ndikusunga gulu lankhondo.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba zapansi, nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala ndi chilichonse chomwe chimagwera pansi, koma chimakonda chakudya chamoyo kapena chachisanu. Chikhulupiriro cholakwika ndichakuti nsombazi ndizodya zopanda kanthu ndipo zimadya zotsalira za nsomba zina. Izi siziri choncho; Kuphatikiza apo, mphamba amafunikira chakudya chokwanira komanso chapamwamba.
Koma, ngati musunga nsomba zambiri, onetsetsani kuti chakudya chokwanira chigwera pansi. Chakudya chabwino kwambiri - mapeleti apadera a catfish.
Pandas amadya mosangalala, ndikudya chakudya chokwanira. Komabe, zingakhale zothandiza kuwonjezera chakudya chamoyo, makamaka chisanu.
Amakonda ma virus a magazi, brine shrimp ndi daphnia. Kumbukirani kuti nsomba zamatchire zimagwira ntchito usiku, choncho ndibwino kudyetsa mumdima kapena madzulo.
Kusiyana kogonana
Mkazi ndi wokulirapo komanso wozungulira m'mimba. Mukayang'ana kuchokera pamwamba, imakhalanso yotakata.
Komanso, amuna ndi ochepa komanso ofupikitsa kuposa akazi.
Kuswana
Kuberekanso panda catfish ndizovuta, koma ndizotheka. Udzuwo ubzalidwe ndi moss wa ku Javanese kapena mitundu ina yokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, pomwe awiriwo adzaikira mazira.
Opanga amafunika kudyetsedwa chakudya chamoyo, ma virus a magazi, daphnia kapena brine shrimp.
Choyambitsa poyambira ndikubwezeretsa pang'ono madzi ndi ozizira, chifukwa chilengedwe chimayamba ndikumvumba.
