Cichlazoma labiatum kapena lipped cichlazoma (Latin Amphilophus labiatus, yomwe kale inali Cichlasoma labiatum) ikuwoneka kuti idapangidwira malo okhala ndi ziwonetsero zazikulu. Ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri ku Central America, yomwe imafikira kutalika kwa 38 masentimita m'chilengedwe, ndipo ndi imodzi mwamaikiki aukali kwambiri.
Labiatum imatha kukhala ndi utoto wosiyana kwambiri, mwachilengedwe ndi bulauni yakuda, yomwe imalola kuti zisunge bwino. Koma, amateurs adatulutsa mitundu yonse yamitundu ndi mitundu, makamaka poganizira kuti labiatum idawoloka bwino ndi nsomba ina yayikulu komanso yofananira - citron cichlazoma. Pali mbadwa zambiri za nsomba zonse zomwe zikugulitsidwa tsopano.
Koma, kupatula kuti ili ndi utoto wowala, cichlazoma labiatum imakondanso kwambiri. Amazolowera mwini wakeyo, amamuzindikira, ndipo akamalowa mchipinda, amayang'anitsitsa, ndikupempha chakudya. Koma, kuwonjezera pa luntha lake, alinso ndi chikhalidwe chonyansa ndi mano akuthwa.
Pachifukwa ichi, m'maiko olankhula Chingerezi, labiatum amatchedwanso Red Devil. Ngakhale ali paunyamata amakhala ndi nsomba zosiyanasiyana, akakhwima pogonana samalekerera nsomba ina iliyonse, makamaka mtundu wawo. Ngati mukufuna kusunga cichlazoma, ndiye kuti muyenera kukhala ndi aquarium yayikulu kwambiri, kapena musunge mosiyana.
Nsombazi ndizovuta kuzisunga, ndikokwanira kuwunika magawo amadzi ndikuwadyetsa bwino.
Lipped cichlazoma nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi ina, mitundu yofanana kwambiri - citron cichlazoma. Ndipo m'malo ena, amawerengedwa kuti ndi nsomba imodzi. Ngakhale kunja kwake sikosiyana kwambiri, amasiyana chibadwa.
Mwachitsanzo, mandimu cichlazoma ndi ocheperako pang'ono ndipo amafika pa 25 - 35 cm, ndipo labiatum ndi masentimita 28. Malo awo amakhalanso osiyana, citron amakhala ku Costa Rica ndi Nicaragua, ndipo labiatum amakhala m'madzi okhaokha ku Nicaragua.
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zosinthira izi ndikuti kuchuluka kwa mandimu cichlazoma m'chilengedwe kwatsika kwambiri, ndipo kufunika kwake ndikokwera ndipo ogulitsa adayamba kugulitsa nsomba zina mobisa, makamaka popeza ndizofanana.
Chifukwa chake, zonse ndizosakanikirana, ndipo nsomba zambiri zomwe zikugulitsidwa pansi pa mayina amodzi ndizosakanikirana pakati pa citron cichlazoma ndi labiatum.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Cichlazoma labiatum poyamba adafotokozedwa ndi Gunther mu 1865. Amakhala ku Central America, ku Nicaragua, m'madzi a Managua, Nicaragua, Hiola.
Amakonda madzi odekha opanda mafunde amphamvu ndipo samapezeka mumitsinje. Amamatira kumalo okhala ndi chivundikiro chochuluka, komwe amatha kubisala pakagwa ngozi. Ndipo ngozi iyi si nthabwala, chifukwa amakhala munyanja yokhayo padziko lapansi ku Nicaragua, komwe kumakhala nsomba zamchere.
Ma Labiatum amadya nsomba zazing'ono, nkhono, mphutsi, nyongolotsi, ndi zamoyo zina za benthic.
Kufotokozera
Nsomba zamphamvu komanso zazikulu zokhala ndi zipsepse zakuthwa ndi chakuthambo. Ndi cichlid wamkulu, wotalika masentimita 38. Kuti ikule mpaka kukula kwathunthu, cichlazoma labiatum imatenga pafupifupi zaka 3, koma amakhala okhwima pogonana pakatalika masentimita 15. Avereji ya zaka za moyo ndi zaka 10-12.
Pakadali pano, pali mitundu yambiri yosiyana ndi yachilengedwe. Popeza nsombazi zimapezeka m'nyanja ya Nicaragua, mtundu wachilengedwe umagwira ntchito - kuteteza.
Ma Aquarists adatulutsanso mitundu yonse, yachikaso, lalanje, yoyera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Ngakhale cichlazoma labiatum ndi nsomba yodzichepetsa kwambiri, ndizovuta kuyitcha yoyenera oyambitsa.
Zachidziwikire, amalekerera magawo amadzi osiyana popanda mavuto ndipo amadya chilichonse chomwe mungamupatse, koma amakula kwambiri komanso mwamakani, osasunthira oyandikana nawo mu aquarium.
Ovomerezeka kwa akatswiri odziwa zamadzi omwe amadziwa zomwe nsombazi zimafuna.
Kudyetsa
Ma Labiatum ndi omnivorous, amadya zakudya zam'madzi zam'madzi zonse: amakhala, ozizira, opangira.
Kudyetsa kumatha kukhala chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri cha ma cichlids akulu, komanso kudyetsa nsomba ndi chakudya chamoyo: ma virus a magazi, cortetra, brine shrimp, tubifex, gammarus, nyongolotsi, crickets, nyama ya mussel ndi shrimp, timadzi ta nsomba.
Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya ndi spirulina ngati nyambo, kapena ndiwo zamasamba: nkhaka zodulidwa ndi zukini, saladi. Kudyetsa CHIKWANGWANI kumalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda wamba pomwe bala losachiritsa limawonekera pamutu wa sikiki ndipo nsomba zimafa ngakhale zitalandira chithandizo.
Ndi bwino kudyetsa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, pang'ono pokha, kuti mupewe kudzikundikira kwanyumba.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kudyetsa nyama zomwe zimakonda kwambiri m'mbuyomu, tsopano zimawoneka ngati zowopsa. Nyama yotere imakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe nsomba sizigaya bwino.
Zotsatira zake, nsomba imakula, ntchito ya ziwalo zamkati imasokonekera. Mutha kupereka chakudya chotere, koma osati kangapo, kamodzi pa sabata.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Iyi ndi cichlid yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imafunikira aquarium yayikulu. Mwa nsomba imodzi mumafunikira malita 250, kwa ma 500 angapo, ndipo ngati mufuna kuwasunga ndi nsomba zina, ndiye zowonjezerapo.
Poganizira kukula kwa nsombayo komanso kuti imadyetsa makamaka zakudya zamapuloteni, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu, komabe, labiatum sakonda kutuluka ndipo ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro.
Ngakhale samakakamira magawo amadzi, amafunikira mpweya wabwino m'madzi. Magawo amadzi okhutira: 22-27 ° C, ph: 6.6-7.3, 6 - 25 dGH
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga ngati gawo lapansi, chifukwa zokumba mwachangu izi ndi zomera mu aquarium sizikhala motalika.
Adzakumbidwa, kuzulidwatu, kapena kudyedwa. Ndikofunika kuti pakhale malo obisalapo ambiri m'nyanja yamadzi momwe nsomba zimatha kubisala panthawi yamavuto.
Zokongoletsa ndi zida zam'madzi aku aquarium ziyenera kutetezedwa, chifukwa nsomba zimatha kuzisokoneza, kuzisuntha ngakhale kuziphwanya.
Ndikofunika kuti mubise chotenthetsera kumbuyo kwa chinthu china. Madzi a aquarium amayenera kuphimbidwa, chifukwa nsomba zimatha kudumpha.
Ngakhale
Amadziwika kuti ndi achiwawa. Ma Labiatum amakhala madera ambiri, ndipo amakhalanso oyipa mtundu wawo ndi mitundu ina. Chifukwa cha izi, amasungidwa bwino.
Amatha kukhala ndi nsomba zina zikuluzikulu pomwe akukula, koma akamakula, samalekerera anzawo.
Njira yokhayo yosungira labiatums ndi nsomba zina ndikuziyika mumtsinje waukulu kwambiri wokhala ndi malo ambiri okhala, mapanga, zipilala. Koma ichi sichitsimikizo kuti azitha kuyanjana ndi mitundu ina.
Kusiyana kogonana
Mu labiatum wamwamuna, papilla yoberekera imaloza, pomwe mwa mkazi imakhala yosalala. Komanso, champhongo chimakhala chokulirapo, ndipo chotupa chamafuta pamphumi pake chimayamba mu aquarium yake, ngakhale mwachilengedwe imakhalapo pakangobereka.
Kubereka
Cichlazoma labiatum imaberekanso bwino mu aquarium. Cichlid iyi imapanga maimidwe awiri omwe amayimirira pamalo otsetsereka.
Pakubereka kamodzi, imaikira mazira pafupifupi 600-700, omwe amatuluka pang'ono kapena achikaso pang'ono. Mkazi amasamalira mazira komanso mwachangu. Pakatentha ka 25 ° C, mphutsi zimaswa pambuyo pa masiku atatu.
Pambuyo masiku 5-7, mwachangu amayamba kusambira. Mutha kumudyetsa ndi brine shrimp nauplii, kuwonjezera, amatenga chinsinsi pakhungu la makolo.
