Cichlazoma mesonaut (lat. Mesonauta festivus - chodabwitsa) ndi cichlid wokongola kwambiri, koma wosatchuka mdziko lathu. Ngakhale dzina lake m'Chilatini limasonyeza kuti ndi nsomba yokongola kwambiri.
Mesonauta amatanthauza wapadera ndipo festivus amatanthauza wachisomo. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zoyambirira zomwe zidawonekera m'madzi ozungulira zakale mu 1908 ndipo zidabadwa koyamba ku West Germany mu 1911.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimasiyanitsa mesonout cichlazoma ndi mzere wakuda womwe umatuluka mkamwa mwake, kudutsa thupi lonse ndikukwera kumapeto. Pali osachepera 6 kapena kuposa mitundu yamtundu wa mesonout, koma onse ali ndi gululi. Ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana imadalira dera lomwe kumakhala nsomba.
Nsombazi zimasungidwa bwino m'magulu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mwamtendere ndipo amatha kusungidwa m'madzi wamba ndi nsomba zina zambiri, nthawi zambiri ngakhale zazing'ono.
Adzakhala oyandikana nawo abwino komanso osangalatsa pamasamba, koma osati nsomba zazing'ono monga neon, chifukwa amazizindikira ngati chakudya.
Mwachilengedwe, mesonout cichlazoma ili ndimakhalidwe osangalatsa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, amagona mbali zawo, ndipo panthawi yangozi, amangodumphira m'madzi mwadzidzidzi, pomwe ma cichlid ena amayesa kupita pansi.
Monga lamulo, zimakhazikika bwino, ndikwanira kungoyang'anira magawo amadzi ndikuwadyetsa moyenera. Ochita manyazi komanso amanyazi, amafunika pogona ngati miphika, kokonati kapena nkhono zazikulu, komwe amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chongoyerekeza.
Komanso, chifukwa cha mantha, amakonda kudumpha kuchokera m'madziwo, chifukwa chake amayenera kutsekedwa.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Mesonout cichlazoma idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Heckel mu 1840. Amapezeka kwambiri ku South America, makamaka mumtsinje wa Paraguay, womwe umadutsa ku Brazil ndi Paraguay. Komanso ikupezeka ku Amazon, ikuyenda kudutsa Bolivia, Peru, Brazil.
Mwachilengedwe, amapezeka m'madzi oyera komanso opanda madzi, ngakhale m'madzi amchere. Amakonda kukhala m'mitsinje ndi m'nyanja, m'malo okhala ndi madzi pang'ono, komwe amabisala m'nkhalango zowirira za m'madzi.
Amadyetsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, algae ndi ma benthos ena.
Mtundu wa Mesonauta pakadali pano sukumveka bwino. Posachedwa zidapezeka kuti ilibe imodzi, koma nsomba zingapo zingapo, zomwe zisanu sizinafotokozedwe.
Kuwombera m'madzi mwachilengedwe:
Kufotokozera
Thupi la mesonout limakhala lozungulira, lopindika pambuyo pake, lokhala ndi zipsepse zakuthwa ndi zakuthambo. Iyi ndi cichlid yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imatha kukula mpaka 20 cm m'nyanja yamchere, ngakhale mwachilengedwe ndi yaying'ono, pafupifupi masentimita 15. Nthawi yayitali ya moyo ndi zaka 7-10.
Chosiyana kwambiri ndi utoto wa mesonout ndi mzere wakuda womwe umayambira pakamwa, umadutsa m'maso, pakati pa thupi, ndikukwera kumapeto.
Pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yosiyana, koma yonse ili ndi mzerewu.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Mezonauta ndiyabwino kwa oyamba kumene chifukwa ndiosavuta kuyisamalira ndi kuyidyetsa, komanso ndiimodzi mwa tiyi wamtendere mwamtendere mozungulira.
Amachita bwino m'madzi am'madzi, okhala ndi nsomba zazikulu zazikulu mpaka zapakatikati, makamaka omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.
Amasinthasintha bwino pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yamadzi ndipo safuna kudyetsa.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba omnivorous, mesonout kudya pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya m'chilengedwe: mbewu, algae, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndi zakudya zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Mu aquarium, amadya zakudya zowuma komanso zamoyo, samakana zopangira komanso zamasamba.
Zakudya zamasamba zitha kukhala zamasamba osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, nkhaka, zukini, sipinachi.
Nyama: nyongolotsi zamagazi, brine shrimp, tubifex, gammarus, cyclops.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Popeza ma mesonout ndi nsomba zazikulu kwambiri, kuchuluka koyenera kusungidwa kumachokera ku malita 200. Sakonda mafunde amphamvu, koma amakonda madzi oyera okhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
Kuti akhale omasuka, muyenera kubzala bwino aquarium ndi zomera ndikukonzekera malo osiyanasiyana.
Samakumba zomera ngati ma cichlids ena, ndipo mitundu yodzichepetsa monga vallisneria imakula bwino. Ponena za mitundu yosakhwima, ndiye kuti, mwayi ukadakhala nawo, ma mesonout ena amadya zomera, pomwe ena sawakhudza. Zikuwoneka kutengera mtundu wa nsombayo.
Ndikofunikira kubisa aquarium, popeza ma mesonout amakonda kutuluka m'menemo akachita mantha. Amadziwanso zomwe zili ndi ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi, chifukwa chake muyenera kupopera pansi pansi ndikusintha madzi ndi madzi abwino.
Amakonda madzi ndi kuuma kwa 2-18 ° dGH, ndi pH ya 5.5-7.2, komanso kutentha kwa 25-34 ° C.
Ngakhale
Nsomba zamtendere zambiri zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zapakatikati mpaka zazikulu. Koma, akadali cichlid ndipo nsomba zazing'ono monga makadinala kapena neon zidyedwa.
Ndikwabwino kusunga mesonout awiriawiri kapena m'magulu, koma osangokhala okha, popeza nsombayi ndimakonda kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amalekerera ma mesonauts ena ndi ma cichlids ena.
Komabe, ziphuphu zina zazikulu komanso zowopsa monga festa cichlazoma ndi nyanga zamaluwa ziyenera kupewedwa.
Nsomba zapafupi kwambiri zomwe ma mesonout amakhala m'chilengedwe ndi mamba. Amagwirizananso bwino ndi khansa ya turquoise komanso yamabuluu. Kwa nsomba zawo zapakati, marble gourami, ma barb akulu monga Denisoni kapena Sumatran, ndi nsomba zam'madzi monga tarakatum, ndizoyenera.
Kusiyana kogonana
Zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa wamkazi ndi wamwamuna mu mesonout cichlazoma. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala okulirapo, okhala ndi zipilala zazitali kwambiri, zam'mbali zakuthambo ndi kumatako.
Anagawika awiriawiri ali ndi zaka pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.
Kuswana
Nsomba zaku Mesonaut aquarium zidagawika m'magulu awiri okhazikika ali ndi zaka pafupifupi chimodzi. Madzi okhala mu thanki yoberekera ayenera kukhala acidic pang'ono ndi pH pafupifupi 6.5, 5 ° dGH wofewa, ndi kutentha kwa 25 - 28 ° C.
Pakubereka, mkazi amaikira mazira pafupifupi 100 (mwachilengedwe pakati pa 200 ndi 500) patsamba latsamba kapena mwala wotsukidwa bwino, ndipo wamwamuna amamupatsa feteleza.
Dziwani kuti mwachilengedwe, mesonout nthawi zambiri amaikira mazira m'mapesi a nzimbe omizidwa m'madzi.
Ngati mungapeze zolowa m'malo mwawo mu aquarium, ziziwonjezera chisangalalo cha nsomba ndikuwonjezera mwayi wobala bwino.
Atabereka, awiriwo amayang'anira mazira ndikuwasamalira mpaka mwachangu akasambe. Mwachangu atangosambira, makolo amamutenga kuti amusamalire ndikumuphunzitsa kuyenda mumlengalenga.
Sabata yoyamba kapena iwiri yachangu imatha kudyetsedwa ndi brine shrimp nauplii, kenako nkuyisamutsira kuzakudya zazikulu. Achinyamata amakonda kwambiri ntchentche za zipatso za Drosophila, malinga ndi katswiri wina wamadzi ndipo amatha kuzimiririka m'miyezi yotentha.
Popeza zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kugonana kwa mesonout cichlazoma, nthawi zambiri amagula kuchokera ku nsomba 6 ndikuwapatsa nthawi yoti azigawana okha. Pofuna kulimbikitsa kubereka, muyenera kuwonjezera miyala yosalala, yosalala. Koma, ndichinthu china kuyikira mazira, ndichinthu china chopangitsa kuti nsomba zizisamalira.
Mutha kubzala nsomba zosakhala zankhanza m'malo oberekera, kupezeka kwawo kumapangitsa kuti mesonout aziteteza mazira ndikuwonetsa malingaliro a makolo, kusamalira mwachangu.
