Kamba wofiira (Latin Trachemys scripta) ndiofala kwambiri pakati pa okonda akamba akunyumba.
Tsoka ilo, kutchuka koteroko kuli ndi mbali inayi ya ndalamazo, akamba ambiri ofiira owala oweta amafa kapena amakhala m'malo osayenera.
Ogulitsa osakhulupirika nthawi zambiri samadziwa kapena kubisala kwa ogula kuti apeze ndalama. Kuti izi zitheke kawirikawiri, tikukuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane za kusamalira, kudyetsa ndi kusamalira kamba uyu.
Mawu oyamba mwachidule
Tonse tikufulumira, koma nkhaniyo ndi yayitali ndipo sindikufuna kuti ndiwerenge. Nayi mawu ofulumira kuti ndikupatseni lingaliro la nkhaniyi ...
Kamba wofiyira wolimba kwambiri ndi wolimba komanso woyenera oyamba kumene. Kumbali imodzi, amakhala nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala mitundu yoyamba ya akamba amateurs ambiri, koma mbali ina, anthu omwe amawagula nthawi zambiri amawawononga.
Sadziwa kuti akamba amafunika madzi ndi nthaka (gombe), yomwe iyenera kukhala yotentha komanso pomwe ma radiation a UV agwere. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi, omwe ayenera kukhala oyera, ofunda komanso osinthidwa pafupipafupi.
Monga lamulo, mavuto onse ndi matenda amayamba chifukwa cha eni osasamala, omwe samadziwa kuti madzi akuda ndi omwe amachititsa matenda, opanda calcium, chipolopolocho chikhala chokhotakhota, chopanda kutentha ndi nyali ya UV, kamba samamwa calcium ndikudwala!
Amathamanga, mwamphamvu ndipo amatha kuchita ndewu!
Iwo mosavuta kuukira akamba ena ndi mzake. Amadziwikanso ndi umunthu wawo komanso chisangalalo, chomwe chimafaniziridwa bwino ndi mitundu ina ya akamba.
Amakhala aluso kwambiri pankhani yakudya ndipo amatha kudyetsana wina ndi mnzake.
Kumtchire, pokhala mtundu wowononga, amasuntha ndikuwononga malo okhala kuti ku Australia komweko azisilidwa ndikuwonongedwa.
Akamba ofiira ofiira amapanga ziweto zabwino kwambiri, pokhapokha ngati chifuwa cha zokwawa chimapezeka kawirikawiri.
Komabe, ngati mungasankhe kukhala naye ngati mphatso yamwana, kumbukirani kuti udindo wonse pa thanzi ndi machitidwe ake uli nanu!
Ana sangasamalire kamba pamlingo woyenera, komanso, amatha kuzizira chidole chatsopano ndikuchisiya. Ndipo amafunika kudyetsedwa, kusinthidwa madzi, kutenthedwa, komanso kutsukidwa.
Kodi mukudziwa kuti kamba wamakungu ofiira amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji? Ndi kamba wabwino kamba akhoza kukhala zaka 20 mpaka 40, ndiye kuti, akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wopitilira m'badwo umodzi wa eni.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Kamba wamadzi ofiira ofiira ofiira amapezeka ku North America ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mumtsinje wa Mississippi usanafike ku Gulf of Mexico.
Amakhala nyengo yotentha kumadera akumwera a United States, kuyambira ku Colorado mpaka ku Florida. Koma, kutchuka kwake ndikwabwino ndipo tsopano kumapezekanso m'chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, nthawi zambiri kumawopseza nyama zakomweko.
M'chilengedwe chake, imafunikira zinthu ngati izi: madzi abwino, malo otenthetsera, zomera zowirira komanso chisa. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi nyanja, mayiwe, madambo, kulowa.
Amakonda madamu okhala ndi madzi ofunda komanso ofowoka, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi malo pamwamba pamadzi pomwe adzakwere kuti atenthe. Nthawi zambiri m'malo otere, amagona pamwamba pomwepo. Pansi m'malo otere nthawi zambiri amakhala mchenga kapena silika.
Maulendowa nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa m'mphepete mwa madzi; akamba am'madzi samakonda kusunthira kutali ndi gombe, ngakhale akazi amafunikira malo olimba oti aziikira mazira.
Akamba ang'onoang'ono m'chilengedwe amadyetsa nsomba, nkhono, tizilombo ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana.
Maonekedwe, kukula, utali wamoyo
Kamba wofiyira amadziwika, ndizovuta kuzisokoneza ndi mitundu ina.
Chingwe chofiira (nthawi zina lalanje) chimayambira m'maso ndikupitilira khosi. Carapace (chapamwamba carapace), chozungulira komanso chosalala, chobiriwira cha azitona chokhala ndi mizere yakuda komanso yachikaso.
Plastron (gawo lakumunsi la carapace) ndiyosalala, wachikasu mumtundu wakuda. Akamba achichepere amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wowala kwambiri, koma ndi ukalamba kumachita mdima.
Ndi zaka, mawanga pa carapace amakhalanso mdima, ndipo mzere wofiira pamutu umasanduka wotuwa.
Kukula kwa kamba kumatsimikiziridwa poyesa kutalika kwa chipolopolocho kuchokera m'mphepete mpaka kumapeto ndi cholozera. Nthawi yomweyo, samvera kupindika kwa chipolopolocho, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti muyese ndi wolamulira, osati ndi tepi.
Akamba oswedwa okha amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 2.5, pakatha chaka chamoyo amakula mpaka masentimita 5-7. Amuna amakula msinkhu pafupifupi 10 cm, ndipo akazi 12.5 cm.
Kukula kwa kamba kumachokera pa 25 mpaka 30 cm, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri ndi mitundu. Amuna ndi ocheperako kuposa akazi.
Dziwani kuti kukula sikungakhale chizindikiro cha msinkhu. Chowonadi ndichakuti akamba akunyumba amakula msanga kuposa chilengedwe, izi ndi zotsatira za kudya mopitilira muyeso komanso mikhalidwe yabwino.
Koma, ndi kusamalira bwino ndi kudyetsa kunyumba, akamba amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa abale awo achilengedwe.
Kamba wam'nyumba amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 40, pomwe kamba wamtchire sangakhale zaka zopitilira 20.
Kukula kwake kwa kamba wofiyira wofiira zaka:
- Chaka chimodzi: 6 cm.
- Zaka ziwiri: wamkazi - 9 cm, wamwamuna - 8 cm.
- Zaka zitatu: wamkazi - 14 cm, wamwamuna 10 cm.
- Zaka 4: wamkazi - 16 cm, wamwamuna - 12 cm.
- Zaka 5: wamkazi - 18 cm, wamwamuna - 14 cm.
- Zaka 6: wamkazi - 20 cm, wamwamuna - 17 cm.
Ziwalo zanzeru
Kamba wamphako wofiira ali ndi ziwalo zomveka bwino, makamaka kuwona ndi kununkhiza. Amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu mkati ndi pamwamba pamadzi, amatha kuyang'ana malo oti agone ndi akamba ena.
Amazindikira bwino kuyenda, pamtunda wa mamita 40, ngakhale atakhala wolanda kapena wolusa. Alinso ndi mphuno yabwino yopezera chakudya.
Koma makutu ake siabwino kwenikweni, makutu ake amatsekedwa ndi khungu ndipo amangomva kumveka kokha ndi kunjenjemera. Carapace imakhudza kukhudza, momwe mitsempha imadutsamo.
Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mphamvu yogwira, ndipo amatha kukana chakudya chosakoma m'malo mokomera tastier.
Kuchokera pamawu, imatha kuphulika, kufuula, kapena kumveka mwachidule ngati kulira. Akamba samapuma pansi pamadzi, amatumphukira pamwamba kuti apeze mpweya!
Momwe mungadziwire jenda?
Monga momwe akamba am’nyumba amakulira mofulumira, amakula msanga. Imakhala yokhwima pogonana itakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, ndipo simungadziwe molimbika kugonana kwa kamba ngati kukula kwake kuli kochepera 10 cm.
Molimba mtima, wina anganene kuti, ndi wamwamuna kapena wamkazi pamene wamwamuna ali ndi zaka 2-4, ndipo akazi ali ndi zaka 3-5 ndipo kukula kwawo kuli pafupifupi masentimita 10-15.
Zowona, pankhani yodyetsa zambiri, imatha kuyamba kukhwima msanga.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi ndikuti zazikazi ndizokulirapo ndipo zimakhala ndi mchira waufupi. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa chachikazi, cloaca imapezeka pafupi ndi tsinde la mchira. Chizindikiro chosazungulira chimatha kukhala zikhadabo za m'manja, mwa amuna ndizotalika komanso zopindika.
Mwa zikhalidwe zina zowerengeka kwambiri, mwa amuna plastron imalowa mkati pang'ono pang'ono, yomwe imamuthandiza nthawi yokwatirana.
Kamba m'nyumba mwanu
Kugula kamba
Chifukwa chake, mwasankha kupeza kamba wamakungu ofiira. Mutha kungopita kumsika kapena kumsika wamagulu ndikusankha yoyamba yomwe imabwera.
Kapenanso zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri, poyamba werengani, pezani, pangani zikhalidwe, mugule ndikupita nawo kwa veterinarian. Zachiyani? Ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amawasunga m'malo osayenera, ndipo veterinarian amayang'ana kamba ngati mabala, matenda, kulimba, ndi matenda.
Ngati muli ndi kamba kale, ndibwino kuti musayike yokhayo kwa miyezi itatu.
Akamba aana ndi akulu sayenera kusungidwa limodzi, chifukwa amadzazidwa mwangozi komanso mwadala! Ndi akamba okha ofanana kukula ndi momwe angakhalire limodzi.
Mutagula ndikusintha malo okhala, zitha kutenga masiku angapo kuti musinthe.
Munthawi imeneyi, kamba imatha kukhala yoletsa komanso yogwira ntchito, ndibwino kuti izisiye yokha, koma musaiwale kudyetsa ndi kusamalira.
Kamba akugwira
Samalani kwambiri mukamagwira kamba wanu!
Zitha kuterera ndi madzi, zimakana, sizzle, ndikutulutsa matumbo anu. Ali ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa, zikhomo zamphamvu ndipo amaluma mopweteka, chifukwa chake sizosangalatsa nthawi zonse kuzitenga.
Yesetsani kugwira kamba ndi manja onse! Eni ake ambiri komanso akamba ena ambiri adavutika ndi izi.
Mutagwira kamba m'manja mwanu, asambitseni ndi sopo! Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa ana, popeza ngakhale kamba wofiyira wofiira ndi woweta, amakhala m'malo osiyana siyana ndipo pali mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti madzi amchere azikhala oyera komanso chakudya chatsopano, popeza akamba amatha kupirira salmonellosis.
Mwachidziwitso, nyama iliyonse m'nyumba sayenera kukhala ndi khitchini kapena malo ophikira. Pewani kutsuka kamba wanu m'khitchini, ndipo musatsuke aquarium yanu ndi zina pamenepo.
Chithandizo cha makanda
Akamba ambiri omwe amapezeka munyanja yamadzi akadali makanda. Adakali ofewa ndipo ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti adya bwino komanso amakhala omasuka.
Ana amapha kwambiri, amatenga matenda, ndipo amatha kufa popanda chifukwa.
Mukawona china chake pa plastron yanu ya kamba, ikhoza kukhala yolk sac.
Akamba omwe aswedwa kumene amadya chakudya kuchokera mmenemo ndipo sayenera kuchotsedwa kapena kukhudzidwa.
Amatha kukana chakudya koyamba, ndikuyamba kudya yolk sac itatha.
Yesetsani kunyamula akamba ang'onoang'ono m'manja mwanu. Zachidziwikire, ndi okongola komanso okongola, koma nthawi yomweyo amatha kuchita mantha, kukakamizidwa komanso kuvulala.
Musayime pamwamba pa aquarium ndipo musagogode pagalasi, asiyeni azolowere masiku ochepa, ayambe kudya. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kutentha kwa madzi ndi mpweya (nthaka) kukhazikike.
Ndikosatheka kuyika aquarium mu dzuwa kapena polemba. Onetsetsani kuti ali ndi ufulu wopeza malo ouma komanso kuti malowo azitenthedwa ndi nyali yapadera.
Kutentha kwa ana kumayenera kukhala kotalikirapo pang'ono kuposa akamba achikulire! Izi ndi 26-27 ° C zamadzi mpaka 32 ° C pamtunda.
Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera momwe angathere ndipo ngati palibe fyuluta yabwino, sinthani masiku angapo.
Kudyetsa - chakudya chamtundu wa akamba okhala ndi calcium, popeza tsopano pali mitundu ingapo ya mitundu. Monga tanenera, musasunge akamba aana ndi akulu pamodzi.
Kumbukirani, mavuto ambiri amatha kupewedwa pokhapokha pokhazikitsa mikhalidwe yoyenera.
Ndewu ndi ndewu
Ngati mukuganiza za aquarium ngati dziwe laling'ono, akamba ofiira ofiira adzawonetsa chidwi kwa ena.
Amatha kuvulaza ena ndi zikhadabo kapena kuluma. Amuna amatha kuthamangitsa akazi, ndipo izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kukwiya kwambiri ndikuluma, michira, kapena kufa.
Kuphatikiza munthu watsopano kumatha kuyambitsa ndewu, makamaka ngati akamba ali okhwima kale pakugonana.
Izi zikachitika, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa malo kungathandize, ngakhale sikukutsimikizira kupambana. Kudyetsa nokha (imodzi kunja kwa aquarium) kumachepetsanso kupsa mtima.
Mutha kuwonjezera zotchinga, pulasitiki, kapena makoma kuti nyama zisawonane.
Mwambiri, ndi nyama yakutchire mwachilengedwe, ndipo khalidweli limaposa zachilendo. Ngati simukufuna mavuto, ndiye muyenera kuzisunga zokha. Akamba ofiira ofiira amachita bwino popanda awiriawiri.
Kamba wamkulu ndi makanda - akumenyera chakudya:
Kusunga kamba wamakungu ofiira
Kusamalira kunyumba
Mukumvetsetsa kuti mitengo imatha kusiyanasiyana, choncho tiyeni tingolembapo zinthu zofunika:
- Kamba wamadzi 200 malita
- Chotenthetsera madzi 100 Watt
- Sefani (zamkati ndizotheka, koma zakunja ndizabwino)
- Nyali ya ultraviolet ya akamba am'madzi omwe ali ndi UVB 10%
- Nyale yotenthetsera
- Nyali
- Thermometer
- Malo / gombe / chilumba
Monga mukuwonera, mndandandawo ndiwofunika kwambiri ndipo koposa zonse - zonsezi ndizofunikira. Tsopano kodi mukumvetsetsa chifukwa chake akamba ambiri amafa?
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kamba wofiyira wofiira?
Pafupifupi aliyense amene akufuna kukhala ndi kamba, vuto loyamba ndikupeza zida zokwanira ndi zida zogulira.
Ndipo amayamba kuzindikira kuti zomwe zili ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe amaganizira. Ndipo nthawi zambiri eni ake samangogula zomwe amafunikira, kenako nyama imavutika ndikufa.
Ngakhale chinthu chophweka ngati choyika terrarium chingayambitse mavuto. Aquarium kuchokera ku 150 malita, kuphatikiza madzi, zida, gombe. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala zopitilira makilogalamu mazana atatu, ndipo si tebulo lililonse lomwe lingaime.
Madzi akuluakulu amchere amachititsa kuti kamba yanu yamadzi ikhale yogwira ntchito komanso yathanzi.
Kumbukirani - mukasunga kamba wanu moyandikira, siyikhala yaying'ono! Izi ndizolakwika zomwe zimakhudzanso nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyama zina.
Adzadwala, kudzapindika, koma osati kakang'ono!
Kodi muyenera kugula chiyani kamba?
Chifukwa chake, pakusungani muyenera aquarium kapena terrarium ya kamba wofiyira (kapena m'malo mwa aquaterrarium, chifukwa imafuna nthaka ndi madzi), kuchokera pa 150 mpaka 200 malita.
Mukayang'ana kamba kakang'ono, zofunikira izi zimawoneka kuti ndizokwera kwambiri, koma zimakula ndikukula kwambiri.
Payenera kukhala madzi okwanira kuti kamba azitha kutembenuka momasuka, ndiye kuti, kuposa kukula kwa chipolopolo chake.
Muyeneranso kukhala ndi nthaka yopanga kapena chilumba chomwe kamba adzakwera ndikutuluka.
Chilumba choterechi chimatha kugulidwa podyera nyama, amapangidwa mwapadera. Ngati mwasankha kuti muchite nokha, ndiye kuti kumbukirani kuti kuyenera kukhala kutsetsereka, koma komwe kumakhala kosavuta kuti nyama ikwere.
Momwemonso, izi ndi zomwe zimafunikira kuchokera kwa iye.
Mutha kupanga chilumba ndi manja anu, akamba achilengedwe amatuluka pamtengo, miyala, matayala akale, zinyalala zilizonse zotuluka m'madzi.
Koma, ndikosavuta kugula chinthu chopangidwa kale, chifukwa chiyenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zina: sikuyenera kukhala poizoni, khola, chokhala ndi mawonekedwe, osakhala ndi ngodya zakuthwa.
Chilumbacho chiyenera kukhala osachepera 25% padziko lamadzi anu ndikukwaniritsa izi:
- kutenthetsa, ichi ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha gombe la kamba. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala madigiri 10 kuposa madzi. Kutentha kwambiri sikoyenera; kumatha kubweretsa hyperthermia (kutentha kwambiri) mu kamba.
- khalani omizidwa, mbali imodzi iyenera kulowa m'madzi
- khalani otetezeka kuti kamba isakakanike pakati pa khoma la aquarium ndi gombe lenilenilo
- musatulutse poizoni mukatenthetsa komanso m'madzi
- khalani olimba mtima, popeza akamba ofiira ofiira ndi olimba kwambiri ndipo amatha kugubuduza gombe
- khalani ndi mawonekedwe
Chitsanzo cha aquaterrarium yokhala ndi kamba komanso nsomba:
Kuyambitsa
Simungagwiritse ntchito, makamaka, monga zokongoletsera zilizonse, akamba samafunika. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuti aquaterrarium iwoneke yocheperako, gwiritsani ntchito miyala yayikulu yokha.
Mwachitsanzo, miyala imatha kumezedwa ndi akamba ndikuphedwa, ndipo dothi limapangitsa kuti zovuta za m'nyanjayi zikhale zovuta.
Kutentha kwa banki kamba
Mwachilengedwe, akamba amapita kumtunda kukawotha moto, ndipo nawonso ayenera kuchitiridwa zomwezo kunyumba yanyumba. Kuti mufike pamatenthedwe ofunikira a 30-35 ° C (pachipolopolo), nyali iyenera kukhala pamwamba pa kamba. Muyenera kuyang'ana pa thermometer pafupipafupi kuti muwone magawo.
Samalani ngati nyali yoyandikira kwambiri imatha kuyaka, makamaka mukasunga akamba angapo am'madzi, amatha kukwera pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake ndikuyandikira kotentha.
Komanso, musaiwale kuti akaloŵa m'madzi, akamba amadzaza msipu, ndipo iwo, kamodzi pansi, adzawononga mosavuta, chifukwa kumatentha. Chifukwa chake nyali yamakamba iyenera kutetezedwa kumadzi ndi nthunzi.
Mwambiri, mutha kugula nyali yoyenera kuchokera ku malo ogulitsira ziweto, makamaka popeza tsopano agulitsidwa awiriawiri ndi nyali za UV, zomwe zimafunikira mosiyana.
Nyali yotentha, monga nyali ya UV, imayenera kugwira ntchito tsiku lonse, awa ndi maola 10-12.
Turtle UV Nyali
Kuunikira koyenera ndi kutentha ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera kamba wofiyira. Mwachilengedwe, lili ndi dzuwa lokwanira komanso kutentha kokwanira kuti apange zinthu zonse zofunika.
Koma ali mu ukapolo, sasowa kutentha (adalankhula pamwambapa), kapena sipekitiramu, ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Makamaka, kunyezimira kwa UV, komwe kumafunikira kuti athe kuyamwa kashiamu ndikupanga mavitamini a B.
Pakakhala kuti palibe nyali ya UV mu terrarium, kamba imayamba kuyamwa kashiamu bwino, ndipo imafunikira kuti chipolopolocho chikule bwino. Zotsatira zake ndi nyama zowopsa zokhala ndi ma rickets, okhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba kwambiri.
Nyali yotentha, ngati nyali ya UV, imayenera kugwira ntchito tsiku lonse, awa ndi maola 10-12.
Kuphatikiza apo, magalasi kapena pulasitiki amatchera gawo lalikulu la kunyezimira ndipo nyali ya UV iyenera kupachikidwa pa kamba. Kwa akamba achikulire amagwiritsa ntchito nyali ya UVB 10%.
Madzi a Aquarium
Popeza uwu ndi mtundu wamadzi, umakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwunika mtundu wake.
Akamba amadya, amagona komanso opanda kanthu m'madzi, chifukwa chake kusefa ndikusintha nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira. Madzi akuda ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa mavuto, matenda komanso matenda.
Madzi osachepera m'madziwo ndi oti kamba amatha kutembenuka ngati mwadzidzidzi apezeka kumbuyo kwake. Ndiye kuti, osachepera kukula kwa chipolopolo chake.
Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, muyenera kuyisunga mokweza momwe ingathere, popeza madzi akakhala ochulukirapo, amakhazikika komanso amakhala otsuka. Nthawi yomweyo, kamba iyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wofika pagombe, imayenera kukwera nthawi iliyonse ndikutentha.
Madzi amayenera kupatulidwa osachepera tsiku limodzi, kuti klorini ayichoke ndipo imatha kutentha.
Kutentha kwamadzi mumtambo wokhala ndi kamba kumayenera kukhala 22-28 ° C osagwera pansi pa 20, ngati mungathe, ndiye kuti kuyenera kutenthedwa ndi chotenthetsera. Onetsetsani kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito thermometer, osadalira momwe mumamvera!
Kuyera kwa madzi ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa akamba onse amadyera momwemo ndikudzikhuthula okha. Zinthu zovulaza monga ammonia ndi nitrate zimadziunjikira mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo madzi amayamba kununkha.
Pofuna kupewa izi, madzi am'madzi am'madzi amasinthidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pamlungu. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yamkati kapena yakunja, komabe, izi sizimathetsa kusintha kwamadzi. Kwa kamba, zosefera zamkati ndizofooka kwambiri, ndipo zosefera zakunja ndizabwino, koma zimakhala zokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Kodi kamba wamakungu ofiira amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji opanda madzi ngati athawa m'nyanja?
Kwanthawi yayitali, zimachitika kuti amathawa aquarium ndipo eni ake amawapeza patangotha masiku ochepa, oopsa, koma amoyo. Mwambiri, adzakhala mwamtendere tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, koma adzavutika ndi kuuma.
Kudyetsa
Omnivores, kudya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya. Zosiyanasiyana ndizofunikira chifukwa zimapangitsa kamba wanu kukhala wathanzi.
Mutha kudyetsa: chakudya chopangira, chakudya cha nsomba zam'madzi, masamba, zomera za m'madzi, tizilombo, nsomba, nyama zopanda mafupa.
Kuphatikiza pazosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kudyetsa chakudya choyenera chokhala ndi calcium yambiri. Monga nyama zonse zakutchire zomwe zimakhala pakhomo, pali chizolowezi chodya mopitirira muyeso.
Akamba achichepere amakonda kukhala omnivorous. Koma, akamakula ndikukhwima, amayamba kudya kwambiri.
Omnivorous amatanthauza kuti pali zakudya zambiri, koma akamba akuru ndi ochepa.
Akamba amisinkhu yonse amasankha nyama kapena nyama zowola, koma amangowadyetsa nthawi zina. Muyeneranso kupereka calcium yowonjezera kuti mapangidwe amakulidwe a kamba.
Kodi kudyetsa?
Amadya pafupifupi chilichonse, koma chakudya chachikulu mwina ndi chakudya choyenera cha akamba am'madzi, popeza pali njira zambiri komanso mitundu. Mapangidwe awo amasankhidwa mwapadera kuti apereke zofunikira zonse za akamba. Zakudya zamapuloteni azakudya zimalola kuti zizidyetsedwa pang'ono.
Kuti mupeze chakudya choyenera, onjezerani calcium ndi zakudya zamasamba ndipo kamba yanu idzakhala yosangalala.
Chonde dziwani kuti zowonjezera ma calcium zimakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zamalonda, werengani zomwe zalembedwazo.
Akamba ofiira ofiira amafunika madzi kuti amezeke chifukwa samatulutsa malovu.
Amatha kutenga chakudya pamtunda, koma amakokera m'madzi kuti adye. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito izi kuti mupindule ndikuzidyetsa mu chidebe china, kuti madzi am'madzi am'madzi azikhala oyera nthawi yayitali.
Kudyetsa ndi chakudya chamasamba
Zatsopano masamba ayenera nthawi zonse kupatsidwa kamba, kaya iye amakonda kapena ayi. Kusakaniza bwino kwa masamba kumakhala ndi fiber, calcium, mavitamini A ndi K.
Zomera za Aquarium zitha kuperekedwanso, ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zomwe kamba ali m'chilengedwe.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudyetsa akamba achikulire ndi akale ndi zakudya zazomera! Zakudya zawo ziyenera kukhala masamba 75% ndi masamba a aquarium.
Zitha kukhala duckweed, riccia, ludwigia, hornwort, letesi, zidutswa za nkhaka ndi zukini, dandelion yophika ndi nettle, ziphuphu za algae.
Chakudya chamoyo (guppies, nkhono)
Omnivores, amadya mokondwera chilichonse chomwe angafikire. Tizilombo, nkhono, nsomba zazing'ono ndi nyongolotsi, crickets, ndi zina zambiri zidzakhala zovuta za kamba.
Chifukwa chake funso loti kaya guppies ndi akamba ofiira ofiira azimvana mu aquarium yomweyo silopindulitsa. Zomwezo zitha kunenedwa za nsomba zilizonse zam'madzi, ngakhale zazikulu zomwe amatha kuluma.
Ngakhale zakudyazi ndizosangalatsa, zimayenera kuperekedwa mosapitirira muyeso.
Ndi bwino kudyetsa akamba amtundu wapadera, chifukwa amakhala oyenera ndipo salola matenda ndi tiziromboti.
Nsomba zagolide zopanda pake (pang'onopang'ono, mukuti?)
Kodi kudyetsa kangati komanso kangati?
Ili ndi funso lovuta, chifukwa zimadalira kukula, zaka komanso mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mumapereka.
Akamba osakwanitsa chaka chimodzi amafunika kudyetsedwa chakudya chopangidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo chakudya chabzala chimaperekedwanso tsiku lililonse, ngakhale atakana. Koma kamba ndi wamkulu kuposa chaka, mungathe kudyetsa tsiku lililonse kapena awiri. Komabe, chakudya chomera chimatha kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi.
Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumasiyananso. Akamba omwe aswedwa kumene ayenera kupeza mapuloteni ambiri pafupifupi 50% yazakudya zawo zonse.
Popeza chakudya chambiri cha akamba chimakhala ndi 40%, mutha kudyetsa nsomba monga ma guppies, tizilombo, ma minworms.
Kwa akamba akulu, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopangidwa kumachepetsedwa mpaka 10-25%, ndipo zina zonse ziyenera kukhala mbewu zosiyanasiyana.
Popeza kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka chakudya chimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, muyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pazomwe wopanga amalemba paphukusi.
Kubisala
Hibernation ndi nthawi yomwe kamba imalowa m'nyengo yozizira. Palibe chifukwa choti kamba woweta azitha kugona tulo! Komanso, sizikulimbikitsidwa! Osamulimbikitsa konse kuti achite izi.
Zifukwa zomwe kubisala kungakhale kosatetezeka:
- mwina simukhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chomusamalira panthawiyi
- makamaka kuti iye azitha kugona nthawi zambiri, mulibe zikhalidwe
- Akamba achichepere ndi odwala amatha kukhala ofooka kwambiri kuti athe kukhalabe ndi moyo nthawi yobirira
- kamba wanu sangasowe konse
Akamba omwe amabisala m'chilengedwe amabisala masamba ndi matope pansi pa dziwe, lomwe ndi lakuya, komanso mosemphana ndi madzi.
Samadzuka pamwamba panthawiyi, koma amapukusa mpweya kudzera m'matumbo mkamwa, pharynx, ndi cloaca. Poterepa, kuzama kwa nkhokwe ndikofunikira kuti madzi asazizire kwambiri, komanso mulinso mpweya wokwanira.
Malo ambiri okhala ndi mayiwe sangathe kupanga izi.
Mwambiri, kamba woweta sayenera kubisalamo kapena chifukwa chiyani. Mwa njira, chofunikira apa ndikutentha kwamadzi, kuyenera kusungidwa pamlingo wa 24-26 ° C. Kutentha kozizira kumamukumbutsa za dzinja ndi kugona.
Kubereka
Kamba kamba kakhwima kapena ayi zimadalira kukula kwake. Pafupifupi: zaka 2-4 za mwamuna ndi carapace zopitilira 10 cm ndi 2-5 zaka zachikazi ndi 12-13 cm.
Amuna okhwima ogonana amayamba masewera olimbirana (ngakhale achichepere amathanso kuyesa), ndi mtundu wa chibwenzi. Nthawi yomwe amasambira pamaso pa mkazi, akumumata pakamutu ndikumayendetsa mawondo ake mofulumira kwambiri pamaso pake.
Mwachilengedwe, kuswana kumachitika mu Marichi ndi Juni, koma akamba akunyumba amatha kukwatirana chaka chonse.
Kamba akakhala ndi pakati, ndiye kuti, amabala mazira, muyenera kumukonzera malo apadera pomwe adzaikire mazirawa. Mkazi amatha kunyamula mazira popanda wamwamuna, koma satenga umuna!
Mutha kumva mazira pang'ono pakati pa carapace ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, koma samalani, ndi osalimba. Mkaziyo mwachibadwa amafunafuna malo okhala ndi kuikira mazira.
Clutch ikhoza kukhala ndi mazira 20 kwa mkazi wamkulu. Ngati mikhalidwe ili yoyenera, ndiye kuti mkazi amayika mpaka makoko 3-4 nthawi iliyonse.
M'nyanja ya aquaterrarium, mkazi amawoneka kuti akukonzekera kuswana posintha machitidwe ake.
Amakhala wosakhazikika, amatsanzira mayendedwe okumba ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo ndikuyesera kutuluka mu aquarium. Komanso panthawiyi imagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumtunda ndipo imafunikira cheza cha calcium ndi UV.
Malo omwe amatha kuikira mazira ndikofunikira kwambiri, ngati sichoncho, amawaikira m'madzi kapena kuwanyamula mopitilira, zomwe zimawachititsa kuti aumitse.
Ngati muwona kamba ikuikira dzira limodzi kapena awiri, yesetsani kupanga chisa. Mwachidziwikire, zowonjezerazo sizinatulukebe ndipo akadali ndi pakati.
Ngati chachikazi sichiikira mazira, chidzauma ndipo chimatha kuyambitsa matenda ndi kufa kwa nyama.
Ngakhale chisa chokonzedwa bwino sichitsimikizira kuti zonse zidzayenda bwino, chifukwa kamba imatha kukhala yakale, yokoka, yodwala.
Ngati ayesa kuimitsa zowalamulira, koma palibe chomwe chingagwire ntchito, ndibwino kuti mupite naye kwa veterinarian.
Zizindikiro zina zamavuto zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa zochita, kupuma movutikira, zotupa kapena kutupa pafupi ndi cloaca.
Ngati madzi osasangalatsa amatuluka kapena pali fungo, ndiye kuti mazira atha kulowa mkati. Pazovuta zilizonse zathanzi lomwe lili ndi kamba wofiyira, funsani veterinarian wanu mwachangu!
Masewera oyeserera:
Thanzi ndi matenda
Matenda opitilira 85% a kamba zamtundu wofiyira amachokera ku chisamaliro chosayenera, kukonza ndi kudyetsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika kamodzi.
Madzi oyera komanso kutentha koyenera kwa chiweto chanu ndizosavuta kusamalira, komanso kupanga zinthu zoyenera.
Nazi zinthu zofunika kukuthandizani kuti kamba wanu akhale wathanzi:
- Akamba odwala amayenera kusungidwa kutentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri 27-30 Celsius. Kutentha kumeneku, chitetezo chamthupi chimafika pachimake. Ndikofunika kusunga madzi amthupi la kamba kuti asatayike. Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti akumwa ndipo ali m'madzi kuposa chakudya chake, popeza kamba wodwala amatha kufa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, impso zake zidzalephera. Ngakhale akamba owonda, madzi amadzimadzi amayambiranso, kenako kudyetsa kumayamba.
- Kamba wodwala samasambira bwino, amasambira mbali imodzi, amatha ngakhale kumira. Chepetsani madzi ndikuonetsetsa kuti abwera kumtunda akafuna.
- Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi kachilomboka, patulani nyama nthawi yomweyo, ndipo onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka m'manja mukakhudzana nayo.
- Chinsinsi chothandiza pakamba kamba ndikuwona katswiri. Osamachitira nyama nokha, pitani kwa owona zanyama!
Matenda akulu a akamba ofiira ofiira ndi zizindikiro zawo
Chizindikiro:
Kamba amatupa maso kapena ofiira, nthawi zambiri samatsegula. Khungu lozungulira iwo ndi lofiira, kutupa, pakhoza kukhala kutuluka m'maso.
Izi mwina:
Matenda a maso a bakiteriya, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha madzi akuda. Sinthani madzi, yeretsani mu aquaterrarium, yang'anani kayendedwe ka kutentha.
Chithandizo:
Maantibayotiki m'madontho, kuyeretsa mu aquarium.
Chizindikiro:
Mapangidwe mkamwa, nthawi zambiri a necrotic. Kamba amakana chakudya, maso akhoza kutsekedwa.
Izi mwina:
Matenda a bakiteriya mkamwa amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya a gram-negative.
Chithandizo:
Matenda owopsa omwe amafunikira chithandizo mwachangu. Pakamwa ayenera kutsukidwa ndi gauze ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchotsa minofu yomwe yakhudzidwa. Maantibayotiki operekedwa ndi veterinarian ayenera kukhala chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri. Ndi kuyamba kwakanthawi, imayankha bwino kuchipatala.
Chizindikiro:
Kamba ndi waulesi, amateteza mutu wake kapena mwanjira yachilendo. Pakhoza kukhala kufooka kutsogolo kapena miyendo yakumbuyo, kumatha kutuluka pakamwa kapena mphuno, nthawi zambiri kumapuma.
Izi mwina:
Matenda opumira, mwina chibayo.
Chithandizo:
Mukufunikiradi kuyendera owona zanyama. Jakisoni wa maantibayotiki amapatsidwa choyambirira (maantibayotiki samaperekedwa kwa akamba pakamwa, chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali komanso kusadziwikiratu kwa zomwe zimachitika mukamadutsa m'mimba)
Chizindikiro:
Chigoba chofewa cha kamba wofiira. Carapace kapena plastron (kumtunda kapena kumunsi kwa chigamba cha fulu) ndiyofewa, kukha magazi kumawonekera. Pakhoza kukhala fungo losasangalatsa (kamba ka kamba) ndipo dera lomwe lakhudzidwa limakula mwachangu.
Izi mwina:
Matenda a bakiteriya, mwina chifukwa chovulala kapena matenda. Amayambitsa mabakiteriya omwe alibe gramu.
Chithandizo:
Chithandizo cha malo okhudzidwa ndi mankhwala a antibacterial, kuchotsa minofu yakufa, kudzipatula. Maantibayotiki monga adanenera dokotala. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake ndimavulala - kutentha kwa chotenthetsera, kuwonongeka kwa miyala yakuthwa, ndi zina zambiri.
Chizindikiro:
Kulekerera, kufooka, mwina kufiira kwa mawendo kapena pulasitiki.
Izi mwina:
Sepsis ndi poizoni wamagazi.
Chithandizo:
Nthaŵi zambiri, sepsis ndi chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe mabakiteriya ochokera m'madzi akuda amalowa m'magazi. Chithandizo - maantibayotiki, ndikuwongolera mwachangu.
Chizindikiro:
Carapace (chipolopolo cha kamba) ndi yofewa ndipo imatha kupindika. Miyendo yofooka, mavuto akudya.
Izi mwina:
Kulephera kwa calcium, kwathunthu kapena pang'ono.
Akatukuka kwambiri, kamba amafa. Chithandizochi chimakhala ndi jakisoni wa calcium zowonjezera, kuphatikiza kuwunika kwa kudyetsa komanso kuwonjezeka kwa radiation ya UV.
Chizindikiro:
Chilonda chatsopano, chotseguka.
Izi mwina:
Zotsatira za nkhondo, kugwa kapena kuwonongeka kwa zokongoletsa kapena miyala.
Chithandizo:
Chotsani zomwe zavulaza. Tsitsani bala, yeretsani thanki, onetsetsani kuti bala silikhala khomo lotengera matenda ndi sepsis.
Chizindikiro:
Kutupa kapena kutupa kwa khungu.
Izi mwina:
Chotupa m'makutu. Pankhani ya kamba wofiyira wofiira, chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndi madzi akuda.
Chithandizo:
Kuchita opaleshoni pansi pa anesthesia wamba.
