Mongoose wa mphete-mphete, komanso mungo wa mphete (Galidia elegans) ndi amtundu wa nyama zodya nyama.
Kufalitsa kwa mongoose wachitsulo.
Mongoose wampheteyo amagawidwa pachilumba cha Madagascar, chomwe chili kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa. Amakhala kumpoto, kum'mawa, kumadzulo ndi pakati pa chisumbucho.
Chikhalidwe cha mongoose wachitsulo.
Mongoose wampheteyi amapezeka mdera lotentha kwambiri komanso madera otentha a Madagascar, madera otentha ndi nkhalango zamapiri, nkhalango zowuma zouma. Mtundu uwu umakhala pafupifupi 650878 ha.
Amagawidwa mdera la Montagne kumpoto chakum'mawa, kuphatikiza m'nkhalango za m'mphepete mwa nyanja mpaka ma 1950 mita. Mongoose wokhala ndi mphete kulibe kumadzulo kwambiri ndipo amadziwika m'miyala yamiyala komanso m'nkhalango zoyandikana ndi Namorok ndi Bemarakh. Wokwera msanga ameneyu, nthawi zina amawonekera m'mitengo, amakhalanso wosambira waluso, amasaka nsomba zazinkhanira zamadzi. Amawoneka m'nkhalango zazing'ono nthawi yomweyo pafupi ndi nkhalango yoyamba, ndipo amatha kukhala m'mphepete mwa nkhalangoyi, osati kutali ndi madera omwe ali ndiulimi wowotcha.
Mongooses a zingwe zophatikizika amakhalanso otanganidwa m'nkhalango zowonongedwa; komabe, kufalitsa kwawo kumachepa kufupi ndi midzi, mwina chifukwa cha kusaka mwamphamvu kwa mongoose.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa mongoose wachitsulo.
Mongooses achitsulo ndi nyama zazing'ono zochepa kuyambira 32 mpaka 38 cm komanso zolemera magalamu 700 mpaka 900. Ali ndi thupi lalitali, locheperako, mutu wozungulira, wonyezimira, ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono ozungulira. Ali ndi miyendo yayifupi, miyendo yoluka, zingwe zazifupi, ndi tsitsi kumiyendo yakumunsi. Mtundu wa ubweyawo ndiwofiirira kwambiri pamutu ndi thupi komanso wakuda kumapazi. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ndi mongoose wachitsulo, wautali, wokulirapo, wokhala ndi mchira, ngati raccoon, wokhala ndi mphete zakuda komanso zofiira.
Kubereka kwa mongoose wachitsulo.
Pakati pa nyengo yobereketsa kuyambira Epulo mpaka Novembala, ma mongooses amizere amapezeka okha kapena awiriawiri. Mwinanso ndi mtundu umodzi wokhala ndi banja limodzi, ngakhale kulibe deta yothandizira.
Zazikazi zimabereka ana kuyambira masiku 72 mpaka 91, zimabereka mwana mmodzi yekha.
Kubala kumachitika pakati pa Julayi ndi February. Mongooses achichepere amafikira kukula kwa achikulire pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, ndikuberekanso chaka chachiwiri chamoyo. Sizikudziwika ngati nyama zazikulu zimasamalira ana awo. Komabe, zikuwoneka kuti, monga zilombo zina zambiri, anawo amakhala m dzenjemo ndi amayi awo kwa milungu ingapo mpaka maso awo atseguka. Amayi amaberekera mumtsinje ndikudyetsa ana awo mkaka, monga nyama zonse zoyamwitsa. Kutalika kwa chisamaliro sikudziwika, ndipo palibe chidziwitso chokhudza kutenga nawo gawo amuna pakusamalira ana. Mongooses okhala ndi mphete amakhala mu ukapolo kwa zaka khumi ndi zitatu, koma moyo wawo kuthengo mwina ungakhale theka la izo.
Makhalidwe a mongoose wachitsulo.
Zambiri zamakhalidwe azomwe zimayenderana ndi mphetezo ndizotsutsana. Malipoti ena akuwonetsa kuti nyama izi zimakonda kucheza ndipo zimakhala m'magulu a 5. Ena anena kuti izi sizinyama zochezeka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka zokha kapena awiriawiri. Magulu a mongooses omwe adapezeka anali amphongo, aakazi ndi nyama zina zingapo zingapo, mwina banja. Mphete zamiyala ndizolimba kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yofananira. Amagwira ntchito masana ndipo amakonda kusewera. Usiku amasonkhana m'maenje, omwe amakumba kapena kugona m'maenje.
Kudyetsa mongoose wachitsulo.
Mongooses okhala ndi mphetezo ndi odyetsa komanso amadya tizilombo ndi zipatso. Chakudya chawo chimaphatikizapo nyama zazing'ono, zopanda mafupa, zokwawa, nsomba, mbalame, mazira ndi zipatso, ndi zipatso.
Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa mongoose wachitsulo.
Mongooses a zingwe zopangidwa ndi mphete amapezeka m'malo angapo achilengedwe otetezedwa ndipo amapulumuka m'nkhalango zogawanika. Monga nyama zambiri zam'nkhalango ku Madagascar, zimawopsezedwa ndi kudula mitengo mwachangu malo olimidwa, kusaka komanso kuwonongeka kwa nyama zolusa.
Kudula mitengo ndi kudula mitengo mosiyanasiyana kudakulirakulira. Ku Masoala National Park, mitengo yapachaka yodula mitengo m'dera lowerengera idakwera kufika pa 1.27% pachaka. M'derali mulinso malo okhala anthu osavomerezeka mosaloledwa, omwe amandigwiritsa ntchito quartz ndikudula mitengo ya maluwa, kuwonjezera apo, mongoose amasakidwa pogwiritsa ntchito agalu.
Ma mongoose amizere amazunzidwa chifukwa chowononga minda ya nkhuku ndipo imawopseza nyama zolusa m'nkhalango yonse yakum'mawa.
Pali midzi inayi ku Makira Natural Park, ndipo kuyambira 2005 mpaka 2011, nyama 161 zidagulitsidwa pano. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya mongooses imalimbikitsa osaka kuti aziyesetsa kwambiri m'nkhalango zosafota, komwe ziphuphu zam'miyendo zimapezekabe zambiri. Ichi ndi chilombo chaching'ono chogulidwa chomwe chimagwera mosavuta mumisampha yomwe ili m'nkhalango. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka uku komwe kumawoneka kumapangitsa kuti azisodza kwambiri m'malo ozungulira anthropogenic. Anthu am'deralo amadya nyama yanyama, ndipo magawo ena a mongoose (monga michira) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita miyambo ndi mafuko ena. Mpikisano ndi civet yaying'ono yaku India yomwe idayambitsidwa pachilumbachi, amphaka amphaka ndi agalu akuwopseza malo okhala ndi mongoose amiyala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Siziwoneka m'malo momwe ntchito ya civet yaying'ono yaku India ndiyokwera kwambiri.
Kuteteza kwa mongoose wachitsulo.
Mongooses a mchira-mchira adatchulidwa kuti Ali pachiwopsezo pa IUCN Red List.
Manambala akukhulupiliridwa kuti atsika ndi 20% pazaka khumi zapitazi chifukwa chakuchepa kwa malo okhala ndi kuwonongeka.
Vuto lakusowa kwachilengedwe limakulitsidwa ndi mpikisano wochokera ku civet yaying'ono yaku India, komanso agalu osochera ndi amphaka. Mkhalidwe wa mitunduyi ukuyandikira gawo lomwe liziwopsezedwa chifukwa pamibadwo itatu ikubwerayi (itenga zaka 20), zikuwoneka kuti anthu achepera kupitirira 15% (ndipo mwina zochulukirapo), makamaka chifukwa chakusaka, kuzunza komanso kuwonekera anayambitsa zolusa.
Kutsika kwa ziweto zaposachedwa kukuwonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitengo yamatchire m'malo osaka. Ngati kuwonongeka kwina kwa malo akupitilira, ndiye kuti mongoose wa mchira adzaikidwa m'gulu la "omwe ali pangozi". Mongooses a zingwe amapezeka m'malo ambiri otetezedwa kuphatikiza mapaki a Ranomafan, Mantandia, Marudzezi, Montagne ndi Bemarah komanso malo osungitsa malo. Koma kukhala m'malo otetezedwa sikungapulumutse mongooses amiyala yoopsa pazowopseza zomwe zilipo kale.
