Loricaria ndi ena mwa nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri zomwe zimakonda kwambiri ku aquarium. Zikuwoneka kuti mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kudzichepetsa, kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kukhazikika mwamtendere kuyenera kupanga loricarius kukhala wamba.
Ndipo ngakhale awa ndi nsomba zam'mimba, ndipo osadya algae, amakhala amtendere kotero kuti samakhudza ngakhale mwachangu nsomba za viviparous. Ndipo ndizosangalatsa bwanji kuwayang'ana!
Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri ya Rineloricaria imayenda mozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito milomo yawo ndi zipsepse zamkati ngati chithandizo.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya loricaria! Osati osiyanasiyana monga makonde, komabe ndi ochepa. Kuyambira pa kakang'ono kwambiri - Rineloricaria parva, yomwe siyoposa masentimita 10, kupita ku Pseudohemiodon laticeps, yomwe imakula mpaka 30 cm.
Chifukwa chake zilibe kanthu kuti aquarium yanu ndi yayikulu bwanji. Nthawi zonse mumatha kunyamula nsombazo pansi pake.
Kufotokozera
Akatswiri azachipatala amagawaniza mitundu iwiri ya nsomba zazikuluzikulu: Loricariini ndi Harttiini. Mwa njira, magawowa ndiwowonekera bwino komanso ophunzitsira, ndipo akuthandizani kumvetsetsa msanga kusiyana pakati pa nsomba.
Mwachitsanzo, a Harttiini amakhala pamagawo olimba monga miyala ndi zokopa ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mumitsinje ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi mafunde othamanga komanso amphamvu.
Loricariini amakhala m'mitsinje, komwe amakonda magawo amchenga ndi masamba akugwa amitengo.
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa mitunduyi ndi momwe imadyedwera. Chifukwa chake, Loricariini ndi omnivores ndipo makamaka amadya nyongolotsi ndi mphutsi za tizilombo, pomwe Harttiini amadya algae ndi benthos.
Mwambiri, Harttiini ndizosangalatsa kwambiri pazomwe zili ndipo zimafunikira zinthu zapadera.
Pali mitundu yoposa 30 ya loricaria, yambiri yomwe sinagulitsidwepo. Pakati pa Loricariini, rhineloricaria Rineloricaria (kapena Hemiloricaria, malinga ndi magwero ena) amayimiriridwa ku aquaria.
Mwachitsanzo, Rineloricaria parva ndi Rineloricaria sp. L010A. Zosowa kwambiri, komanso Planiloricaria ndi Pseudohemiodon.
Ndipo Harttiini amayimiridwa makamaka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafulethi osowa (Farlowella) ndi sturis (Sturisoma). Mitundu ina, Lamontichthys ndi Sturisomatichthys, ndizosowa kwambiri pamalonda.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Kusunga loricarius ndi sturis sikuli kovuta. Amakonda madzi ofewa, okhala ndi acidic pang'ono, ngakhale amalekerera madzi ovuta apakatikati, osalowerera ndale.
Amalimbikitsa magawo amadzi pazomwe zilipo: kuuma kuchokera 3 ° mpaka 15 °, ndi pH kuchokera 6.0 mpaka 7.5. Ponena za kutentha kwamadzi, ndizofala nsomba zomwe zimakhala ku South America, mkati mwa 22-25 C.
Mwanjira ina, amakhala m'malo omwewo monga neon, minga, makonde. Koma pa nkhondo, ma cichlids amfupi, discus imafunikira madzi ofunda pang'ono, ndipo sioyandikana nawo kwambiri a loricaria ndi sturis.
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wabwino ngati gawo lapansi, pomwe pamakhala masamba owuma, monga thundu. Malo oterewa adzafanana kwambiri ndi komwe kuli loricaria.
Kudyetsa ndikosavuta. Amadya ma pellets, ma flakes akumira, oundana komanso chakudya chamoyo, kuphatikiza ma virus a magazi ndi mavenda a pansi.
Komabe, satenga nawo mbali pantchito yolimbana ndi chakudya, ndipo amatha kuvutika ndi nsomba zina zikuluzikulu monga plecostomus ndi pterygoplichta.
Farlowella spp ndi ma Harttiini ena ndizovuta kwambiri. Ena a iwo amakhala m'mphepete mwa madzi okhala ndi madzi osayenda kapena mafunde othamanga, pomwe ena amakhala mumitsinje yamphamvu yamadzi.
Mulimonsemo, onse amakhala tcheru ndi madzi opanda mpweya komanso onyansa omwe amapezeka m'madzi amadzaza kapena osasamalidwa.
Vuto lina ndikudya. Nsombazi za loricaria zimadyetsa ndere zobiriwira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimasungidwa bwino mumchere wokhala ndi madzi owala, owala bwino. Muyeneranso kupereka ma flakes okhala ndi fiber, spirulina, nkhaka, zukini, nettle ndi masamba a dandelion.
Ngakhale
Amuna okhwima ogonana amtundu wa ma catfish amatha kuteteza madera awo, koma kupwetekako sikufalikira kudera lotetezedwa.
Kuukira kwakung'ono kumangowonjezera kukongola kwawo.
Mukanyamula oyandikana nawo, chinthu chachikulu kukumbukira ndi chakuti loricaria ndi sturisomas amadya pang'onopang'ono ndipo amatha kukhala nyama yosodza yomwe imaphwanya zipsepse. Anansi abwinoko kwa iwo ndi tetra, rasbora, zebrafish ndi nsomba zina zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala mkatikati mwa madzi.
M'magawo apansi, ma corridor angapo kapena ma acanthophthalmus coolies ndioyenera. Gourami ndi ma cichlids amodzimodzi ndiabwino.
Koma iwo omwe amakonda kutenga zipsepse, monga Sumatran barbus, chikwakwa, ma tetradon amfupi, amatsutsana ngati oyandikana nawo.
Zomwe amachita mwachilengedwe ndikumazizira ndikukhala pachiwopsezo, kusewera nthabwala zoyipa ndi loricaria catfish.
Kuswana
Nsomba zonse za Rineloricaria zimalumikizidwa pafupipafupi m'madzi am'madzi. Monga ancistrus, nkhanu zazing'onozi zimatha kubala popanda kuchitapo kanthu. Mwachilengedwe, mumafunikira awiri, amuna amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mitsempha yambiri pamphuno.
Mukakhala ndi gulu lankhosa, kuchokera kwa anthu 6, ndiye kuti amunawo adzagawa gawolo ndipo akaziwo amabala ana nthawi zonse, ndikusintha anzawo.
Kubzala mu loricaria kumachitika chimodzimodzi ndi ma ancistrus, ndipo ngati munayambapo kubzala, ndiye kuti simudzakumana ndi zovuta.
Akazi amaikira mazira m'malo obisalapo: mapaipi, miphika, mtedza, kenako wamwamuna amamuteteza. Pali mwachangu ochepa, nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepera 100. Mwachangu amaswa m'mazira sabata imodzi, koma tsiku lina kapena awiri amadya zomwe zili m'matumba awo.
Amatha kudyetsedwa zamagetsi zamadzimadzi, mapira osweka, ndi masamba osiyanasiyana.
Ma Farlovells ndi ma sturisomes sapezeka kwenikweni m'madzi am'madzi, mwina chifukwa chofunikira kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino.
Amayikira mazira pagawo lolimba, nthawi zambiri pamakoma a aquarium.
Ndipo apa chiwerengero cha mwachangu ndi chochepa, ndipo chachimuna chimateteza iwo mpaka mwachangu ayambe kusambira paokha. Pambuyo pake yolk sac isungunuka, mwachangu amayamba kutenga ndere, ma ciliates ndi ma flakes osalala bwino.
Chimodzi mwazovuta zopezera ma sturis ndikuti amafunikira mphamvu yamphamvu kwa iwo. Osangoti kuti mazira alandire mpweya wambiri, koma pakali pano imalimbikitsa kukhala ndi ana.
Mitundu ya Loricaria
Odziwika kwambiri a loricaria catfish, Rineloricaria amasungidwa m'madzi. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Rineloricaria parva, ngakhale kuli kovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pawo, ndipo mitundu ina imagulitsidwa nthawi zambiri: R. fallax, R. lanceolata, R. lima.
Mwamwayi, nsomba zonse zamtundu wa loricaria ndizofanana, ngakhale ndizosiyana kukula kwake. Munthu m'modzi amafunika kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 100 malita a voliyumu, ndipo ngakhale atha kukhala okha, Loricaria imawoneka yosangalatsa kwambiri pagulu.
Tsopano otchuka kwambiri ndi ma morphs ofiira: red loricaria R. lanceolata "wofiira" ndi chinjoka chofiira Rineloricaria sp. L010A.
M'malo mwake, sizikudziwika bwinobwino ngati awa ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe, opangidwa moyenera m'mafamu, kapena mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mitundu ingapo. Mulimonsemo, akazi ndi ofiira kwambiri, pomwe amuna amakhala otupa.
Mitundu ya Sturisom
Monga tanenera kale, zolimba ndizovuta kwambiri. Mtundu wa Farlowella uli ndi mitundu 30, ndipo mitundu itatu mwa iyo imapezeka pamsika. Awa ndi Farovella Actus F. acus, F. gracilis, F. vittata.
Kusiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake ndi kovuta, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa mayina osiyanasiyana. Kuuma kwa madzi kuyambira 3 ° mpaka 10 °, ndi pH kuchokera 6.0 mpaka 7.5, kutentha kuyambira 22 mpaka 26C. Kutuluka kwamphamvu komanso mpweya wabwino m'madzi ndikofunikira, chifukwa Farlowella amawakonda kwambiri.
Mwamwayi kwa akatswiri am'madzi, zoyambira ndizofanana. Madzi a kuuma kwapakatikati kapena ofewa, pang'ono acidic, ndi kutentha kwapakati.
Sturisomas amafunanso kuposa nsomba zina za loricaria. Amafuna aquarium yayikulu, madzi oyera, otaya, ndi mpweya wambiri wosungunuka. Amadyetsa makamaka zakudya zazomera.
Chofala kwambiri ndi mitundu iwiri ya sturis: golide Sturisoma aureum ndi S. barbatum kapena mphuno yayitali. Zonsezi zimatha kutalika kwa 30 cm.
Panamanian sturisoma Sturisoma panamense imapezekanso pamalonda, koma ndi yaying'ono kukula kwake, mpaka 20 cm kutalika. Palibe mwa iwo omwe amakonda madzi ofunda, kutentha kovomerezeka kumakhala kuyambira 22 mpaka 24C.
Ambiri mwa ma sturis amakhala ndi cheza chayitali kumapeto kwa caudal, koma Lamontichthys filamentosus okha ndiomwe ali ndi kuwala kofananira kwa pectoral ndi dorsal fin.
Uwu ndi msodzi wokongola kwambiri wamtchire, wofikira kutalika kwa masentimita 15, koma tsoka, silingalolere kugwidwa bwino.
Itha kungalimbikitsidwe kwa mafani owona amtundu wa ma catfish, okhala ndi aquarium yabwino komanso yodzaza bwino ndi algae.
