Patas (Erythrocebus patas) ndi am'banja la anyani.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa ma patas
Mchira wamawangamawanga ofiira kutalika kofanana ndi thupi. Kulemera - 7 - 13 makilogalamu.
Pansi pake pamayera, miyendo ndi mapazi ndi mtundu womwewo. Masharubu oyera amapachikidwa pachibwano chake. Ma patas amakhala ndi miyendo yayitali komanso nthiti yotchuka. Maso akuyembekezera kupereka masomphenya openyerera. Ma incisors ndi spatulate, mayini amawoneka, ma molars ndi bilophodont. Njira ya mano 2 / 2.1 / 1.2 / 2.3 / 3 = 32. Mphuno ndi yopapatiza, yolumikizana komanso yolunjika pansi. Zoyipa zakugonana zilipo.
Dera lamkati (chigaza) mwa amuna limakhala ndi hypertrophied poyerekeza ndi akazi. Kukula kwa thupi la amuna, nthawi zambiri, kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa kwazimayi chifukwa chakukula kwakanthawi komanso kuthamanga.
Kufalikira kwa ma patas
Patas anafalikira kuchokera ku nkhalango zakumpoto za kumwera kwa Sahara, kuchokera kumadzulo kwa Senegal mpaka ku Ethiopia, mpaka kumpoto, pakati ndi kumwera kwa Kenya ndi kumpoto kwa Tanzania. Amakhala m'nkhalango za mthethe kum'mawa kwa Nyanja Manyara. Amapezeka pagulu lochepa la anthu ku Serengeti ndi Grumeti National Parks.
Magawo akutali amapezeka mu Ennedy massif.
Nyamuka mpaka 2000 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Malo okhalamo akuphatikizapo Benin, Cameroon, Burkina Faso. Komanso Cameroon, Congo, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire. A Patas amakhala ku Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau. Amapezeka ku Kenya, Mali, Niger, Mauritania, Nigeria. Kugawidwa ku Senegal, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Togo, Tanzania.
Malo okhala Patas
M'nyumba ya Patas mumakhala biotopes zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira ndi malo otseguka, nkhalango zamitengo, nkhalango zowuma. Mtundu wa nyaniwu umapezeka m'malo ochepa a nkhalango, ndipo umakonda nkhalango ndi malo odyetserako ziweto. A Patas makamaka anyani apadziko lapansi, ngakhale ali okhoza kukwera mitengo akasokonezedwa ndi chilombo, nthawi zambiri amadalira kuthamanga kwawo pansi ndikuthawa.
Chakudya cha Patas
Patas amadyetsa makamaka herbaceous zomera, zipatso, zipatso, nyemba, ndi mbewu. Amakonda kwambiri mitengo ya savannah ndi zitsamba, monga mthethe, torchwood, Eucleа. Mitundu iyi ya anyani imakhala yosinthika, ndipo imasinthasintha msanga kuti idyetse mitundu yachilengedwe yachilendo monga peyala ndi lantana, komanso mbewu za thonje ndi ulimi. M'nyengo yadzuwa, malo othirira amapezeka kawirikawiri.
Kuti athetse ludzu lawo, anyani a Patas nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malo opangira madzi ndikulowetsa madzi, kuwonekera pafupi ndi midzi.
M'madera onse omwe anyani amapezeka ku Kenya, ali ngati chizolowezi cha anthu, makamaka oweta, alimi, kuti amapita kumunda ndi mbewu mopanda mantha.
M'dera la Busia (Kenya), amapezeka kwambiri pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu ambiri, pomwe kulibe masamba achilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, anyani amadya chimanga ndi mbewu zina, mbewu zopatulira.
Makhalidwe amtundu wa patas
Patas ndi anyani amtundu wa anyani omwe amakhala m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 15, kudera lalikulu kwambiri. Gulu limodzi la anyani 31 limafunikira 51.8 sq. Km. Patsikuli, amuna a Patas amayenda 7.3 km, akazi amatenga pafupifupi 4.7 km.
M'magulu, amuna amaposa azimayi kawiri. Usiku, gulu la anyani limafalikira kudera la 250,000 m2, chifukwa chake limapewa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kuchokera ku ziwopsezo zomwe zimadya usiku.
Kubereka kwa patas
Amuna a Pathas amatsogolera magulu azibadwa zawo, akumakwatirana ndi akazi opitilira mmodzi, ndikupanga "harem". Nthawi zina, yamphongo imalowa nawo gulu la anyani nthawi yoswana. Amuna m'modzi yekha amalamulira mu "harem"; maubale otere anyani amatchedwa polygyny. Nthawi yomweyo, amachita nkhanza kwa anyamata anzawo ndikuwopseza. Mpikisano pakati pa amuna ndi akazi umakhala wovuta kwambiri panthawi yobereka.
Kusakanikirana (polygynandrous) kukhathamira kumawonedwa mu anyani a Patas.
Nthawi yoswana, amuna angapo, kuyambira awiri mpaka khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi, amalowa mgululi. Nthawi zoberekera zimadalira malo okhala. Kukhathamira kwa anthu ena kumachitika mu Juni-Seputembara, ndipo ng'ombe zimaswa pakati pa Novembala ndi Januware.
Kukula msinkhu kuyambira zaka 4 mpaka 4.5 mwa amuna ndi zaka 3 mwa akazi. Zazimayi zimatha kubala ana osakwana miyezi khumi ndi iwiri, ndikuthyola mwana wa ng'ombe kwa masiku 170. Komabe, ndizovuta kudziwa kutalika kwa nthawi yoyembekezera potengera zizindikilo zakunja. Chifukwa chake, chidziwitso chokhudza nthawi yomwe atsikana amatha kutenga pakati ndi ma patas achikazi chidapezeka potengera momwe moyo wa anyani ali mu ukapolo. Zazimayi zimabereka mwana mmodzi. Zikuwoneka kuti, monga anyani onse ofanana kukula, kudyetsa anawo mkaka kumatenga miyezi ingapo.
Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha a Patas
A Patas amasakidwa ndi anthu am'deralo, kuwonjezera apo, anyani amagwidwa pamaphunziro osiyanasiyana, chifukwa chaichi amapangidwanso ku ukapolo. Kuphatikiza apo, patas imawonongedwa ngati tizilombo toyambitsa mbewu m'maiko angapo aku Africa. Mitundu ya anyaniwa ikuwopsezedwa m'malo ena chifukwa chakuchepa kwa malo okhala chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwachipululu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri nthaka, kuphatikizapo kudyetsa nyama mopitirira muyeso, kudula nkhalango m'nkhalango za savannah.
Malo osungira
Patas ndi nyama ya anyani "Osadandaula Kwambiri", chifukwa ndi anyani ofala, omwe adakalipo ambiri. Ngakhale kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwamtunduwu, pali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa malo okhala.
Patas ali mu Zakumapeto II ku CITES malinga ndi Mgwirizano waku Africa. Mitunduyi imagawidwa m'malo ambiri otetezedwa mkati mwake. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha anyani pano chilipo ku Kenya. Kuphatikiza apo, magulu a patas amatambasula malo otetezedwa kunja ndikufalikira m'malo akulu a mthethe ndi minda yokumba.
