Ocicat (wobadwa Ocicat) ndi mtundu wa amphaka am'nyumba omwe kunja kwawo amafanana ndi amphaka amtchire, ma ocelots owoneka, chifukwa chofanana nawo.
Poyamba, amphaka a Siamese ndi Abyssinia adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mtunduwo, kenako American Shorthair (siliva tabby) adawonjezeredwa, ndipo adawapatsa mtundu wa siliva, kapangidwe ka thupi ndi mawanga osiyana.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Wobereka woyamba anali Virginia Dale, waku Berkeley, Michigan, yemwe adadutsa mphaka waku Abyssinia ndi Siamese mu 1964. Dale adapanga pulani, otchulidwa kwambiri omwe anali mphaka waku Abyssinia komanso paka yayikulu ya ku Siamese yamitundu yosindikizidwa.
Popeza mtundu wamphaka wa Abyssinia umatengera cholowa chachikulu, amphaka obadwawo anali ofanana ndi achi Abyssinia, komanso anali ndi chibadwa chambiri cha mphaka wa Siamese. Dale adaluka mphaka wina wobadwa ndi ngwaziyo, mphaka wa chokoleti wa Siamese. Ndipo mu zinyalala izi munabadwa ana amphaka, omwe Dale amafuna, amtundu waku Abyssinia, koma okhala ndi mphaka wa Siamese.
Komabe, zinyalala zotsatirazi zinali zosayembekezereka: mwana wamphaka wodabwitsa, wamathambo adabadwa mmenemo. Amamutcha Tonga, ndipo mwana wamkazi wa ambuye adamupatsa dzina loti Ocicat, chifukwa chofanana ndi ocelot wamtchire.
Tonga anali wapadera komanso wokongola, koma cholinga cha Dale chinali kupanga mtanda pakati pa Siamese ndi Abyssinian, chifukwa chake adagulitsa ngati mphaka. Komabe, pambuyo pake, adauza Cetde Koehler, waku University of Georgia za iye. Anakondwera kwambiri ndi nkhaniyi, chifukwa ankafuna kubwezeretsa mphaka wa Aigupto, koma osati wamtchire, koma woweta.
Kohler anatumiza Dale dongosolo latsatanetsatane kuti Tonga akhale woyambitsa mtundu watsopano. Tsoka ilo, malingalirowo anali osatheka, chifukwa panthawiyo anali atadulidwa kale. Komabe, mphaka wina wowoneka bwino, Dalai Dotson, adabadwa kuchokera kwa makolo ake, ndipo mbiri ya mtunduwo idayamba mwalamulo. Ndi a Dalai omwe adalowa m'malo mwa Tonga potengera, ndipo adakhala kholo la mtundu watsopano.
Ocicat yoyamba (Tonga) yapadziko lonse lapansi, idawonetsedwa pawonetsero yomwe CFA idachita mu 1965, ndipo kale mu 1966 bungweli lidayamba kulembetsa. Dale adalembetsa Dalai Dotson ndikuyamba kuswana.
Ngakhale kuti amphaka anali apadera komanso osangalatsa, kulembetsa sikunanene chilichonse, mtunduwo ukhoza kukhalabe wakhanda. Olima ena nawonso adalowa nawo pulogalamuyi, kuwoloka amphaka achi Siamese ndi Abyssinia kapena mestizo ochokera ku amphaka a Siamese.
Panthawi yolembetsa, cholakwika chidachitika ndipo mtunduwo umafotokozedwa ngati wosakanizidwa pakati pa Abyssinian ndi American shorthair. Popita nthawi, adadziwika ndipo adasinthidwa ndi mphaka wa Siamese, koma obereketsa adutsa kale ndi American Shorthair. Ndipo mtundu wokongola wa siliva wa amphakawa udaperekedwa kwa mtundu watsopanowu.
Kukula ndi minofu ya atsitsi lalifupi zimawonetsedwanso pamachitidwe a Ocicats, ngakhale poyamba mtunduwu umafanana ndi amphaka okongola a Siamese.
Ngakhale adayamba mwachangu, kukula kwa mtunduwo sikunali kofulumira kwambiri. Chakumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, Dale adayenera kutenga zaka 11 zaka kuti asamalire wachibale wodwala. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo ndiye anali woyambitsa chitukuko cha mtundu watsopano, kupita patsogolo kwatsika.
Ndipo iye anali wokhoza kubwerera kwa iye kokha mu Mipingo oyambirira, ndipo iye anali wokhoza kukwaniritsa kuzindikira kwathunthu. Mitunduyi idalembetsedwa ndi CFA (The Cat Fanciers 'Association) mu Meyi 1986, ndipo idalandira ulemu mu 1987. Kutsatira bungwe lofunika ili, lidazindikiridwanso muzing'onozing'ono. Masiku ano, ma Ocicats amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ndi otchuka chifukwa cha ziweto zawo, koma nthawi yomweyo ndiwotchire.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Amphaka awa amafanana ndi chiberekero chakutchire, ndi tsitsi lawo lalifupi, lowoneka komanso lamphamvu, lowopsa. Ali ndi thupi lalikulu, lamphamvu, miyendo yaminyewa yokhala ndi mawanga amdima komanso zida zamphamvu zowulungika.
Thupi ndi mtanda pakati pa kukongola kwa amphaka aku East ndi mphamvu ya American Shorthair.
Yaikulu komanso yamphamvu, imadzaza ndi mphamvu ndi mphamvu, ndipo imalemera kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Amphaka okhwima ogonana amalemera kuyambira 4.5 mpaka 7 kg, amphaka kuyambira 3.5 mpaka 5 kg. Zaka zamoyo zimakhala pafupifupi zaka 15.
Zotupa zamphamvu zimakutidwa ndi minofu, yayitali kutalika, molingana ndi thupi. Zipangizo za paw ndizowulungika komanso zophatikizika.
Mutuwo ndi wooneka ngati mphanda, womwe ndi wautali kuposa waukulu. Chosompsacho n'chachikulu ndi cholongosoka bwino, kutalika kwake kumaonekera m'mbiri, ndipo nsagwada zamphamvu ndizo. Makutuwo amapendekeka pangodya madigiri 45, koma akulu ndi ozindikira. Ngayaye ndi ubweya ndi makutu ndizophatikiza.
Maso ndi otalikirana, ooneka ngati amondi, mitundu yonse yamaso ndiolandiridwa, kuphatikiza buluu.
Chovalacho chili pafupi ndi thupi, chachifupi koma chokwanira mikwingwirima ingapo. Ndi yowala, yosalala, satini, yopanda chofewa. Ali ndi mtundu wotchedwa agouti, monga amphaka achi Abyssinia.
Mukayang'anitsitsa mawonedwewo, muwona mphete zamtundu wina patsitsi lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhathamira kuli ndi tsitsi lonse, kupatula kunsonga kwa mchira.
Mabungwe ambiri avomereza mitundu 12 yosiyanasiyana ya mtunduwo. Chokoleti, bulauni, sinamoni, buluu, chibakuwa, chofiira ndi ena. Zonse ziyenera kukhala zomveka komanso zosiyanitsa ndimadontho akuda kumbuyo ndi mbali. Madera opepuka kwambiri amakhala pafupi ndi maso ndi nsagwada zakumunsi. Mdima wakuda kwambiri kumapeto kwa mchira.
Koma chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pamitundu ndi mdima, malo osiyana omwe amayenda mthupi. Momwemo, mizere ya mawanga imayenda pamsana kuchokera pamapewa mpaka mchira. Kuphatikiza apo, mawanga amabalalika pamapewa ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, kupita kutali mpaka kumapeto kwa miyendo. Mimba imawoneka. Kalata "M" imakongoletsa pamphumi ndipo payenera kukhala mawanga amphete pazitsulo ndi pakhosi.
Mu 1986, CFA inaletsa kuswana ndi Siamese ndi American Shorthairs. Komabe, pofuna kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa majini ndikukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino, kuwoloka ndi Abyssinian kunaloledwa mpaka Januware 1, 2015. Ku TICA, kuwoloka ndi amphaka achi Abyssinia ndi Siamese ndikololedwa, popanda zoletsa.
Khalidwe
Ngati mumadziwa wina amene akuganiza kuti amphaka ndiwopenga komanso opandaubwenzi, ingomudziwitsani ku Ocicat. Awa ndi amphaka omwe amakonda mabanja awo komanso amakonda kukumana ndi anthu atsopano. Amakumana ndi alendo akuyembekeza kuti azisisitidwa kapena kuseweredwa nawo.
Amakhala ochezeka komanso ochezeka kotero kuti moyo m'nyumba momwe mulibe tsiku lonse ndi wofanana ndi kuwasautsa. Ngati mukulephera kuthera nthawi yanu yambiri panyumba kapena mukusowa kuntchito, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi mphaka kapena galu wachiwiri yemwe azimukonda. Kampani yotere, sangatope ndikudwala.
Banja labwino kwambiri kwa iwo ndi limodzi pomwe aliyense amakhala otanganidwa komanso otanganidwa, chifukwa amasintha kusintha, amalekerera kuyenda bwino ndipo adzakhala anzawo abwino kwa iwo omwe amasintha komwe amakhala.
Amazindikira msanga dzina lawo (koma sangayankhe). Ocicats ndi anzeru kwambiri ndipo kuti akhale otanganidwa njira yabwino ndiyo kuyamba kuphunzira kapena kuphunzira zidule zatsopano.
Sizipweteketsa omwe akufuna kukhala nawo kudziwa kuti ali ndi talente osati pazongopeka zomwe mumawaphunzitsa, komanso kwa omwe adzaphunzira okha.
Mwachitsanzo, momwe mungatsegulire kabati ndi chakudya kapena kukwera kushelufu lakutali. Acrobats, okonda kudziwa komanso anzeru (nthawi zina anzeru kwambiri), nthawi zonse amapita kuzomwe akufuna.
Mwambiri, eni ake amazindikira kuti amphakawa ndi ofanana ndi agalu, nawonso ndi anzeru, okhulupirika komanso osewera. Mukawawonetsa zomwe mukufuna kapena zomwe simukufuna, mwachitsanzo, kuti mphaka asakwere patebulo pakhitchini, azindikira msanga, makamaka mukamupatsa njira ina. Mpando womwewo wa khitchini momwe amatha kuwonera chakudya chikukonzedwa.
Ochenjera komanso opusa, ma Ocicats amatha kufikira kulikonse kwanu, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka kukuyang'anirani kuchokera pa kabati yapamutu. Zoseweretsa ...
Amatha kusintha chilichonse kukhala choseweretsa, chifukwa chake musaponye zinthu zamtengo wapatali m'malo omwe amapezeka. Ambiri mwa iwo ndiwokonzeka kubweretsa mpira, ndipo ena adzagwetsa chidole chawo chomwe amakonda pamaso panu 3 koloko m'mawa.
Ndi nthawi yosewera!
Monga makolo awo, ali ndi mawu okweza, omwe sazengereza kugwiritsa ntchito akafuna kudya kapena kusewera. Koma, mosiyana ndi amphaka a Siamese, iye si wamwano komanso wogontha.
Chisamaliro
Palibe chisamaliro chapadera chomwe chimafunikira. Popeza kuti malayawo ndi amfupi kwambiri, nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kuwapesa, ndipo zimatenga kanthawi. Muyenera kusamba ngakhale kangapo. Kusamalira makutu ndi zikhadabo sikusiyana ndi kusamalira mitundu ina ya amphaka, ndikwanira kuwunika pafupipafupi ndikuwayeretsa.
Mwambiri, awa ndi amphaka oweta, osapangidwira kukhala pabwalo kapena munsewu, ngakhale amatha kuyenda m'nyumba zanyumba, chifukwa samapita patali. Chachikulu ndichakuti mphaka satopa ndikumva kufunikira, ndipamene maziko a chisamaliro agona.
Zaumoyo
Chonde dziwani kuti matenda omwe atchulidwa pansipa ndi chikumbutso chokha cha zomwe angadwale. Monga anthu, mwayi satanthauza kuti adzakhala.
Ocicats amakhala athanzi ndipo amatha kukhala zaka 15 mpaka 18 osamalidwa bwino. Komabe, monga mukukumbukira, adapangidwa ndi mitundu itatu, ndipo onse ali ndi zovuta zawo ndi majini.
Mavuto amtundu wa chibadwa amadziunjikira pazaka zambiri ndipo amapatsira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku amphaka achi Abyssinia ali ndi aimpso amyloidosis kapena amyloid dystrophy - kuphwanya kagayidwe kamapuloteni, komwe kumabweretsa kulephera kwa impso.
Kuperewera kwa Pyruvate kinase (PKdef) ndi matenda obadwa nawo - kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi, komwe kumayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi.
Ndikofunika kutchula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono m'matenda amphaka, matendawa amachititsa kuchepa kwa ma photoreceptor m'maso. Mu Ocicats, matendawa amatha kupezeka ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, mothandizidwa ndi kupenda maso, amphaka odwala amatha kukhala akhungu asanakwanitse zaka 3-5.
Retinal atrophy imayambitsidwa ndi chibadwa chambiri cha autosomal, makope awiri omwe ayenera kupezeka kuti matendawa akule. Atanyamula kope limodzi la jini, amphaka amangopatsira mbadwo wotsatira.
Matendawa alibe mankhwala, koma mayeso ku majini apangidwa ku United States kuti adziwe.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, yomwe imakonda kupezeka m'mphaka za Siamese, imakhalanso ndi vuto lalikulu la majini.
Ndiwo nthenda yamatenda yofala kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imabweretsa kufa mwadzidzidzi pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 2 ndi 5, kutengera ngati mtundu umodzi kapena ziwiri za jeni zapezeka. Amphaka okhala ndi makope awiri nthawi zambiri amafa koyambirira.
