Mitundu ya Agalu A ng'ombe aku Australia poyambirira idachokera ku Australia. Galu woweta yemwe adathandizira kuyendetsa gulu lankhondo m'maiko ovuta. Kukula kwapakati komanso tsitsi lalifupi, amabwera mitundu iwiri - yabuluu komanso yofiira.
Zolemba
- Agalu a Ng'ombe aku Australia ndiotakataka kwambiri, mwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo. Amafuna kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse, kutopa, kuwateteza ku zovuta zamakhalidwe.
- Kuluma ndi kuluma ndi gawo la chibadwa chawo. Kulera koyenera, mayanjano ndi kuwayang'anira kumachepetsa mawonekedwe awa, koma osawachotsa konse.
- Wokondedwa kwambiri ndi mwini wake, safuna kupatukana naye kwakanthawi.
- Amagwirizana bwino ndi ana ang'ono ndi ziweto. Njira yokhayo yopangira abwenzi ndikukula limodzi. Koma sizimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
- Pofuna kukonza mukufunika bwalo lalikulu kwambiri, lopanda nyumba. Ndipo amatha kuzithawa pofunafuna zosangalatsa.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Mbiri ya galu wa ketulo waku Australia idayamba mu 1802, pomwe George Hall ndi banja lake adasamuka ku England kupita ku Australia. Banjali lidakhazikika ku New South Wales yomwe ikulandilidwa kumene ndi cholinga chofuna kuweta ziweto zogulitsa ku Sydney, womwe ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Australia.
Chovuta chinali chakuti nyengo inali yotentha komanso youma, yosafanana konse ndi madera obiriwira komanso achinyezi aku Britain Isles. Kuphatikiza apo, ziweto zimayenera kudyetsa zigwa zazikulu komanso zopanda chitetezo, pomwe zoopsa zimayembekezera. Kuphatikizanso vuto lakusonkhanitsa ndi kunyamula ziweto kudutsa ma kilomita mazana ambiri m'maiko ovuta.
Agalu abusa obweretsedwako sanasinthidwe bwino kuti agwire ntchito ngati izi, ndipo kunalibe agalu am'deralo. Ulimi wa ziweto unali pafupi ndi mizinda ikuluikulu, komwe ziweto zinkadyetsedwa moyang'aniridwa ndi ana masana. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yonse ya agalu idachepetsedwa kukhala alonda ndi chitetezo ku dingoes wamtchire.
Ngakhale panali zovuta, banja limakhalabe olimba mtima, olimba mtima ndikuwonetsa kulimba mtima. Thomas Simpson Hall (1808-1870) wazaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri (178-1870) adadziwonetsa bwino kwambiri, akufufuza malo atsopano ndi malo odyetserako ziweto, akuyika njira zopita kumpoto kwa dzikolo.
Pomwe kusamukira kumpoto kumalonjeza zabwino zambiri, pali vuto limodzi lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa kuti lifike mamiliyoni mahekitala. Panthawiyo, kunalibe njira yotengera ziweto kuchokera kumeneko kupita ku Sydney. Palibe njanji ndipo njira yokhayo ndiyoyendera gulu lankhondo mamailosi mazana.
Komabe, nyama izi ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimamera m'makola, ndizopanda kuthengo, zimabalalika. A Thomas azindikira kuti kuti apititse ziweto kumsika, amafunika agalu olimba komanso anzeru omwe amatha kugwira ntchito padzuwa lotentha ndikuyang'anira ng'ombe zamphongo.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ng'ombe zamphongo, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto kwa abusa, agalu ndi ng'ombe zomwe. Ambiri mwa iwo amafera panjira.
Pofuna kuthetsa mavutowa, Thomas akuyambitsa mapulogalamu awiri oswana: mzere woyamba wa agalu wogwira ntchito ndi nyama zamanyanga, wachiwiri wa zopanda nyanga. Europe ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha agalu oweta ng'ombe ndipo a Smithfield Collies amabwera ku Australia. Kunja kofanana kwambiri ndi bobtail, ma collies awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku England poweta ziweto.
Komabe, a Thomas Hall amawona kuti ndiosayenerera kuwagwiritsa ntchito, popeza ku England amagwira ntchito mtunda waufupi komanso maulendo ataliatali ndipo samapirira mokwanira mamailosi ambirimbiri. Kuphatikiza apo, samalekerera kutentha bwino, chifukwa nyengo ku England ndiyosiyana kwambiri. Pazifukwa izi, a Thomas Hall aganiza zopanga galu pazosowa zawo ndikuyamba pulogalamuyi.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti iye si woyamba kuyesa kupanga mtundu woterewu. James "Jack" Timmins (1757-1837), patsogolo pake awoloka agalu okhala ndi ma dingos achilengedwe. Ma mestizo omwe amatulukawa amatchedwa "Red Bobtails", ndipo adalandira cholimba cha dingo ndi kulolerana kutentha, koma adakhalabe wolusa, kuwopa anthu.
A Thomas Hall akuwonetsa kuleza mtima komanso kupirira, ndipo mu 1800 ali ndi ana agalu ambiri. Sidziwika bwinobwino mtundu wa mitundu yomwe inali maziko, koma pafupifupi ndi mtundu wina wa collie.
Panthawiyo, ma collies anali asanakhazikitsidwe monga momwe ziliri masiku ano, koma kuphatikiza mitundu yakomweko yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito. Amayambanso kuwadutsa wina ndi mnzake komanso ndi ma collies atsopano a Smithfield.
Koma, sizinachite bwino, agalu sangathe kupirira kutentha. Kenako amathetsa vutoli podutsa collie ndi dingo wowetedwa. Agalu amtchire, dingo, amasintha modabwitsa nyengo yawo, koma alimi ambiri amawada ngati ma dingos osaka nyama.
Komabe, a Thomas apeza kuti ma mestizo amawonetsa chidwi, kupirira, komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Kuyesera kwa Hall kumachita bwino, agalu ake amatha kuyang'anira gulu, ndikudziwika kuti Hall's Heelers, chifukwa amawagwiritsa ntchito pazosowa zake zokha.
Amazindikira kuti agaluwa ndi mwayi wopikisana nawo ndipo, ngakhale amafunidwa, amakana kugulitsa ana kwa aliyense kupatula abale awo ndi abwenzi apamtima.
Zikhala choncho mpaka 1870, Hall atamwalira, famuyo sidzatha ndipo idzagulitsidwa. Agalu amapezeka ndipo mitundu ina imasakanikirana ndi magazi awo, kuchuluka kwake kumatsutsanabe.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1870, wogulitsa nyama ku Sydney a Fred Davis adawadutsa ndi Bull Terriers kuti awonjezere kupirira. Koma, chifukwa chake, mphamvu imatsika ndipo agalu amayamba kugwira ng'ombe m'malo mowatsogolera.
Ngakhale kuti banja la Davis pamapeto pake lidzachotsedwa m'malo mwa magazi a ochiritsa aku Australia, agalu ena adzalandirabe machitidwe awo.
Nthawi yomweyo, abale awiri, Jack ndi Harry Bagust, amawoloka abusa aku Australia ndi ma Dalmatians ochokera ku England. Cholinga ndikuwonjezera kuyanjana kwawo ndi akavalo ndikuchepetsa pang'ono.
Komanso, mikhalidwe yogwira ntchito imavutika. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1880, mawu oti ochiritsa ku Hall adasiyidwa kwambiri, agalu amatchedwa ochiritsa buluu ndi asing'anga ofiira, kutengera mtundu wawo.
Mu 1890, gulu la obereketsa komanso ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amapanga Cattle Dog Club. Amayang'ana kwambiri za kuswana agaluwa, kuwatcha mtunduwo kukhala Mchiritsi waku Australia kapena Galu Waku Australia. Ochiritsa buluu ndiwofunika kwambiri kuposa ofiira, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti ofiira amakhala ndi ma dingo ambiri. Mu 1902 mtunduwo udalimbikitsidwa kale mokwanira ndipo muyeso woyamba wamtundu unali kulembedwa.
Pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, asitikali ambiri amasunga agalu ngati mascot, nthawi zina kuphwanya malamulowo. Koma, amapeza kutchuka kwenikweni atafika ku America. Asitikali aku US amapita ku Australia ndikubweretsa ana agalu kunyumba popeza kuli alimi ambiri komanso oweta ziweto pakati pawo. Ndipo luso logwira ntchito la Agalu Abusa aku Australia limawadabwitsa.
Chakumapeto kwa 1960s, Queensland Heeler Club of America imapangidwa, yomwe pambuyo pake idzakhala Australia Cattle Dog Club of America (ACDCA). Kalabu imalimbikitsa ochiritsa ku United States ndipo mu 1979 American Kennel Club imazindikira mtunduwo. Mu 1985 United Kennel Club (UKC) idalowa.
Chiyambireni ku United States, Galu la Ng'ombe ku Australia lakhala lotchuka kwambiri ndipo lakhala pa nambala 64 mwa mitundu 167 malinga ndi ziwerengero za AKC. Komabe, ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsa agalu omwe adalembetsa ku AKC, osati onse.
Monga mitundu ina yapamwamba, Agalu a ku Australia a Kettle amakhala ziweto, makamaka kumidzi. Komabe, adapitilizabe kugwira ntchito, ndikukhala agalu odziwika mdziko lakwawo.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Agalu Abusa aku Australia amafanana ndi ma collies koma amasiyana nawo. Uyu ndi galu wapakatikati, wamphongo wofota amafika 46-51 cm, hule 43-48 masentimita. Ambiri a iwo amalemera kuyambira 15 mpaka 22 kg.
Ndizitali zazitali komanso kutalika kwambiri. Izi ndizagalu wogwira ntchito ndipo chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chikuyenera kulankhula za chipiriro ndi masewera.
Amawoneka achilengedwe komanso osasintha ndipo samakhala onenepa kwambiri ngati atachita zambiri. Mchira wa asing'anga ndi waufupi, koma m'malo mwake, wandiweyani, kwa ena adakocheza, koma samachita izi kawirikawiri, popeza akamathamanga amagwiritsa ntchito mchira ngati chiwongolero.
Mutu ndi pakamwa zimafanana ndi dingo. Sitopu ndiyofewa, mphutsi imayenda bwino kuchokera pachigaza. Ndi wautali wautali koma wotambalala. Mtundu wa milomo ndi mphuno nthawi zonse uyenera kukhala wakuda, mosasamala mtundu wa malaya.
Maso ake ndi owulungika, apakatikati kukula, bulauni kapena bulauni yakuda. Mawonekedwe amaso ndi apadera - ndikuphatikiza kwa luntha, kuipa ndi kuthengo. Makutu ali owongoka, owongoka, okhazikika pamutu. Mu mphete yowonetsera, makutu ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati amakonda, koma pakuchita kwake amatha kukhala akulu kwambiri.
Ubweya wapangidwa kuti uwateteze ku zovuta. Kawiri, ndi chovala chachifupi, chofewa komanso nyengo yonse.
Pamutu ndi pamtsogolo, ndimfupikitsa pang'ono.
Ochiritsa aku Australia amabwera mitundu iwiri: yamtambo ndi yofiira yamawangamawanga. Tsitsi labuluu, lakuda ndi loyera limakonzedwa kuti galu awoneke wabuluu. Amatha kukhala ofiira, koma osafunikira.
Mawangamawanga ofiira, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, amaphimbidwa ndi timatumba pathupi lonse. Zolemba za ginger nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamutu, makamaka m'makutu komanso mozungulira maso. Ochiritsa aku Australia amabadwa oyera kapena oyera mu khungu ndipo amadetsedwa pakapita nthawi, mkhalidwe womwe adalandira kuchokera ku dingo.
Asayansi adawona agalu 11, omwe amakhala ndi zaka 11.7, zaka 16.
Eni ake akuti, akawasamalira moyenera, moyo wa wochiritsa abusa umakhala wazaka 11 mpaka 13.
Khalidwe
Monga amodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri komanso olimba mwa mitundu yonse ya agalu, ochiritsa ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Ndi okhulupirika kwambiri ndipo amatsatira mbuye wawo kulikonse komwe angapite.
Agalu amakonda kwambiri banja ndipo samalekerera kusungulumwa kwakutali kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, amakhala osadziwika ndipo amatha kugona pamapazi awo kuposa kuyesa kukwera pa mawondo awo.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala ogwirizana ndi munthu m'modzi kuposa banja lonse, koma ndi mnzake amakhala ochezeka komanso ogona. Koma ndi iwo omwe amawakonda, amapanga ubale wolimba kotero kuti eni ake amawakonda. Izi sizimawalepheretsa kukhala odziwika komanso osayenera oyang'anira agalu osadziwa zambiri.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda alendo kwa alendo. Mwachibadwa amakayikira alendo ndipo amatha kukhala achiwawa. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, adzakhala aulemu, koma osakhala ochezeka.
Amatha kulandira mamembala atsopano koma amafunikira nthawi kuti muwadziwe. Agalu omwe sanagwirizane nawo amatha kukhala osungika kwambiri komanso okwiya kwa alendo.
Ndi agalu olondera abwino, osamala komanso omvetsera. Komabe, ali okonzeka kuluma aliyense ndipo samvetsetsa pang'ono komwe mphamvu imafunikira komanso komwe.
Nthawi zambiri amapeza chilankhulo chofanana ndi ana okulirapo (azaka 8). Amakhala ndi chibadwa champhamvu kwambiri, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti azitsina chilichonse chomwe chimasuntha (kuphatikiza anthu) ndi miyendo, ndipo ana ang'onoang'ono amatha kuputa chibadwa ndi zochita zawo. Nthawi yomweyo, amakayikiranso ana a anthu ena, makamaka akakuwa, kuthamangira komanso osalemekeza malo a sing'angayo.
Ochiritsa aku Australia nthawi zonse amafuna kulamulira ndipo izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto ndi agalu ena. Amakhala olamulira modabwitsa, amtundu wawo ndipo ali ndi umwini wamphamvu.
Ngakhale sakufuna ndewu, iwonso sangapewe. Nthawi zambiri amasungidwa okha, kapena ndi munthu m'modzi wa amuna kapena akazi anzawo. Ndikofunikira kuti mwiniwake azitsogolera m'nyumba.
Ngakhale adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito ndi nyama zina, asing'anga aku Australia akuyenera kuphunzitsidwa kupewa mavuto. Amakhala ndi chidwi chosaka ndipo amathamangitsa nyama zing'onozing'ono monga amphaka, nyama zam'madzi, ma weasels ndi agologolo. Amatha kulekerera kukhala kunyumba ngati anakulira limodzi, koma osati onse.
Koma ndi anzeru kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwera m'mitundu khumi ya agalu anzeru kwambiri. Kupatula ntchito zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu yapadera kapena kununkhiza, palibe chomwe galu woweta sangaphunzire. Komabe, maphunziro sangakhale ovuta kwambiri. Sakhala kuti azitumikira munthu, amangotumikiranso amene amamulemekeza.
Ochiritsa ambiri ndi ouma khosi komanso owopsa pophunzitsa, ndipo amangomvera kwa eni ake omwe amawalamulira kuti ndiopambana. Vuto lalikulu ndikusunga galu kukhala wokonda kuphunzira. Amatopa msanga, makamaka ndikubwereza ntchito, ndikusiya kumvera.
Amafuna kugwira ntchito yambiri kapena kuyenda. Kwa ambiri, kuchepa kwathunthu ndi maola 2-3 patsiku, ndipo kuthamanga, osayenda. Ndipo ndiye kuchepa. Kwa agalu owetera ku Australia, pabwalo lalikulu kwambiri pakufunika, momwe amatha kuthamanga tsiku lonse ndipo kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera 20-30 maekala.
Komabe, amakondanso kuthawa. Pokhala madera ambiri, amakonda kukumba ndikukhala ndi chidwi champhamvu. Pafupifupi aliyense amakonda kuphunzira dziko lomwe lawazungulira ndikungowapatsa mwayi ngati chipata chotseguka kapena wicket. Bwalo liyenera kukhala lodalirika kwambiri, chifukwa sikuti limatha kuwononga mpandawo, komanso kukwera pamwamba pake. Ndipo inde, amathanso kutsegula chitseko.
Eni ake omwe sangathe kuwapatsa zochitika kapena ntchito sayenera kukhala ndi galu wotere. Kupanda kutero, amakhala ndi mavuto amakhalidwe komanso amisala.
Makhalidwe owononga, ndewu, kuuwa, kusakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina zosangalatsa.
Chisamaliro
Palibe kudzikongoletsa kwamaluso. Nthawi zina amakana, koma kwenikweni amatha kuchita popanda iwo. Mukufuna chiyani? Dingo…
