East European Shepherd (komanso East European Shepherd, abbr. VEO, English East European Shepherd) ndi mtundu wa galu wopezeka mu 1930-1950 ku Soviet Union chifukwa cha asitikali, apolisi ndi madera akumalire.
Kuphatikiza apo, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati agalu owongolera komanso agalu othandizira. M'madera omwe kale anali USSR, Agalu a Mbusa a Kum'mawa kwa Europe adatchuka chifukwa cha luntha ndi kukhulupirika, koma kunja kwake ndiosowa komanso osadziwika kwenikweni.
Zolemba
- Ndi mtundu wothandizira wopangidwira ntchito ndi ntchito. Chifukwa cha izi, ndizochepa kukhala m'nyumba, makamaka nyumba yabwinobwino ndi bwalo lalikulu. Ngati mwini wake wanyamula galu mokwanira, azikhala mnyumba.
- A BEO ndi anzeru, koma amangomvera kwa iwo omwe amawona kuti ali ndiudindo wapamwamba.
- Amalumikizidwa ndi munthu m'modzi ndipo amatha kunyalanyaza ena.
- Amakhetsa kwambiri.
- Sali oyenera makamaka kukhala m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana, chifukwa amapewa ndipo nthawi zambiri samamvetsetsedwa.
- Gwirizanani ndi agalu ena, koma mutha kuwukira nyama zazing'ono.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Mbiri ya Galu Wam'busa waku East Europe idayamba kale kusanachitike. Mu 1914, wosintha waku Serbia Gavrila Princip adapha Archduke Ferdinand, wolamulira wa Austria-Hungary.
Ufumu waku Russia, womwe umadziona ngati m'bale wamkulu mdzikolo, umakhala chitetezo cha Serbia, ndipo ogwirizana, kuphatikiza Germany, akuyimira Austria-Hungary.
Chifukwa chake Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse iyamba, ndipo, zikuwoneka, agalu a nkhosa ali ndi chochita chanji ndi izi? Zina mwazinthu zatsopano zomwe msirikali waku Russia amayenera kukumana nazo anali agalu. Mabokosi aku Germany, Schnauzers, Dobermans ndi Agalu Aubusa.
Abusa aku Germany adadziwika makamaka: ndi achangu, anzeru, osunthika, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndipo amasokoneza otsutsa kwambiri. Panalibe magulu apadera agalu ankhondo m'magulu ankhondo aku Russia a nthawi imeneyo, ngakhale panali ochepa wamba.
Bolsheviks atayamba kulamulira, adayamba kumanganso dongosolo lankhondo ndi gulu lankhondo. Ambiri mwa atsogoleri ankhondo nthawi imeneyo adamva za Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse ndipo adakumbukira za abusa aku Germany.
Tsoka ilo, agalu amenewa sanathe kugwira ntchito mu USSR yonse komanso sanali konsekonse.
Kungakhale kozizira ku Germany, makamaka kumapiri a Bavaria, komwe abusa aku Germany adawonekera, koma kuzizira kumeneku sikungafanane ndi Karelia, Siberia, Kamchatka. Abusa aku Germany adazizidwa mpaka kufa, ndipo m'malo otentha kwambiri amayenera kuwotha maola 4 aliwonse.
Mu 1924, kennel ya Krasnaya Zvezda inalengedwa, yomwe idzagwira ntchito yopanga mitundu yatsopano ya Soviet Army. Ndiko komwe Russian Terrier idzapangidwire pambuyo pake, ndipo ntchito yoyamba iyambira pa East European Shepherd. Ntchito yomwe idaperekedwa pamaso pa akanyumba inali yovuta: kupeza galu wamkulu, woyenera, wokhoza kugwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ozizira kwambiri.
Komabe, chitetezo chakuthupi sichinali chofunikanso ndipo ntchitoyi idayambadi nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse itatha. Pamodzi ndi gulu lankhondo laku Soviet Union, abusa ambiri aku Germany adalowa mdzikolo.
Zotsatira zake, Ajeremani adakhalabe maziko a Galu Wam'mawa waku Europe, koma magazi a Laikas, Central Asia Shepherd Agalu ndi mitundu ina adawonjezeredwa. Akuluakulu amafunikira agalu akulu oti amatha kuyang'anira ndendezo ndipo mtundu watsopanowu udakhala wokulirapo kuposa aku Germany wamba.
Mulingo woyamba wa BEO udavomerezedwa mu 1964 ndi a Kennel Council of the USSR Ministry of Agriculture. Agalu a Mbusa Aku East Europe adzakhala amodzi mwa agalu odziwika kwambiri pakati pa asitikali ndi mabungwe ena oyang'anira zamalamulo, koma apezanso mafani ake pakati pa anthu.
Pamodzi ndi gulu lankhondo, lipita kumayiko ena aku Warsaw, koma silingapeze kutchuka komweku. Chidwi ku VEO chicheperachepera pokhapokha kugwa kwa Union, pomwe mitundu yatsopano, yachilendo idzalowa m'dziko.
Ngakhale BEO imayimilidwabe m'maiko ambiri omwe kale anali USSR, kuchuluka kwa agalu osapepuka akuchepa. Zambiri mwa izi ndichifukwa cha chiwerewere cha eni omwe amawadutsa ndi abusa ena.
Kuyeserera kwamakalabu ndi okonda masewerawa sikungateteze izi, ndipo ngakhale tsogolo la BEO silikhala lopanda mitambo, m'nthawi yakutali atha kukhalapo ngati mtundu weniweni.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Agalu Aubusa aku East Europe ndi ofanana ndi aku Germany, ndipo anthu wamba sangathe kuwalekanitsa. Zina mwazosiyana pakati pa BEO ndi M'busa waku Germany ndi izi: kukula kwakukulu, malaya odera, mzere wakumbuyo wosiyana, mayendedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yocheperako. Koma, popeza agalu ambiri adadutsa pakati pawo komanso ndi mitundu ina, ma BEO amatha kusiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana.
Uwu ndi mtundu wapakati mpaka waukulu, amuna amafika masentimita 66 - 76, akazi 62 cm - 72. Popeza agalu ataliatali amawoneka bwino pazowonetsa, amasankhidwa ndi obereketsa. Kulemera kumadalira kugonana, msinkhu ndi thanzi la galu, koma nthawi zambiri Galu wamkulu waku East Europe Shepherd amalemera pakati pa 35-60 kg ya amuna ndi 30-50 kg ya tinsalu.
Komabe, amakonda kunenepa kwambiri ndipo agalu ena amalemera kwambiri. Ku BEO, mzere wakumbuyo sutsika pang'ono kuposa abusa aku Germany ndipo chifukwa cha izi amasiyana pamtundu woyenda.
Mutu ndi wofanana ndi thupi, ngakhale uli wokulirapo. Mukayang'ana kuchokera pamwamba, imatha kuwona kuti ndi yopindika, yopanda pake koma yoyima. Pakamwa pake pali theka kutalika kwa chigaza, ngakhale zonse ziwiri ndizitali komanso zakuya. Kuluma lumo.
Makutu ake ndi apakatikati, otsogozedwa ndi kuloza kutsogolo ndi m'mwamba, komanso owongoka. Makutu a ana agalu a East European Shepherd amakula pakapita miyezi 2 - 4-5. Maso ndi apakatikati kukula, mawonekedwe oval, abulauni, amber kapena hazel. Maganizo onse a galu ndikulimba mtima, kuzama komanso chiwopsezo chobisika.
Chovalacho ndi chautali wapakatikati ndi chovala chamkati chodziwika bwino. Mtundu wokhazikika umapangidwa ndi chigoba (mwachitsanzo chakuya) kapena chakuda. Zofiira zofiira ndi zoned ndizovomerezeka koma zosafunika.
Khalidwe
Agalu Aubusa aku East Europe ndi gulu lomwe limagwira ntchito zankhondo komanso apolisi ndipo mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi ntchito zomwe achita. Mtundu uwu umadziwika chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwawo komanso kudzipereka kwawo, amapanga ubale wolimba ndi eni ake kotero kuti nkotheka kuwapatsa banja lina.
Uyu ndiye galu wa munthu m'modzi yemwe amadziphatika kwa wachibale mmodzi ndikunyalanyaza ena.
Ngakhale atha kukhala kuti amamukonda, samachita zachiwerewere. Otsatsa ambiri samalimbikitsa a BEO ngati agalu am'banja, chifukwa samakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ana (pokhapokha atasankha mwana kukhala mwini wawo) ndipo ena samawalekerera bwino.
Ngakhale kuchezaku kumatha kuthandiza kukhazikitsa maubale, ma BEO amasewera ndi ana mofanana ndendende momwe amasewera ndi akulu. Koma, chachikulu ndichakuti samalekerera mwano ndipo amatha kubwezera ngati kutha kwa kuleza mtima kwawo kwafika.
Agalu Aubusa aku East Europe amakayikira kwambiri alendo. Popanda maphunziro ndi mayanjano, nthawi zambiri amakhala achiwawa kwa iwo, koma amaleredwa osakhulupirika komanso osagwirizana. Ngati galu sanakonzekere, ndiye kuti kuputa anthu ndizotheka. Kuphatikiza apo, agaluwa amatenga nthawi yayitali kuvomereza munthu watsopano m'banja, mwachitsanzo, wokwatirana naye. Ena angawanyalanyaze kwazaka zambiri.
Ngakhale kuti BEO imakhala yovuta kwambiri, si agalu olondera kwambiri, chifukwa amagwira ntchito mwakachetechete ndipo samachenjeza eni ake za alendo. Koma ndi alonda abwino, adzateteza gawo lawo ndi mabanja awo mpaka nthawi yomaliza.
Eni ake okha ndi omwe ayenera kukumbukira kuti amaluma kaye kenako nkumasokoneza. Mwachilengedwe, uyu ndiye woteteza mwangwiro wa eni ake, aliyense amene akufuna kumukhumudwitsa choyamba ayenera kuthana ndi galu wamphamvu, wololera komanso wolemera.
Ngati East European Shepherd adaleredwa moyenera, ndiye kuti amakhala bwino ndi agalu ena, chifukwa amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito awiriawiri kapena kunyamula. Komabe, palinso anthu ankhanza, makamaka amuna. Amadziwika ndi nkhanza zogonana, zogonana komanso zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Koma poyerekeza ndi nyama zina, zonsezi zimadalira mtundu wa mbusa wina... Ena amapha cholengedwa chilichonse chamiyendo inayi, ena sachita nawo chidwi. Amatha kukhala mosamala m'nyumba imodzi ndi mphaka, ngati anakulira limodzi ndikuukira amphaka osadziwika.
Pankhani yophunzira, ndiabwino kwambiri, nanga bwanji ngati atagwira ntchito yankhondo ndi ntchito zina? Uwu ndi umodzi mwamitundu yamagalu anzeru kwambiri, palibe ntchito zomwe ma BEO sakanatha kuthana nazo. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kwa oweta agalu oyamba kumene, kuleredwa kwa BEO ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yosathokoza.
Ndiwopambana ndipo samvera malamulo a munthu amene amamuwona ngati wapansi paudindo wawo. Mwiniwake akuyenera kukhala mtsogoleri, ndipo anthu omwe analibe agalu samadziwa momwe angachitire. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kunyalanyaza malamulo ngati sanaperekedwe ndi eni ake. Wophunzitsa waluso wokhala ndi East European Shepherd adzakhala ndi wangwiro, ngakhale akuganiza kuti ndi mtedza wolimba wosweka.
Galu uyu amamangidwa chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimbika, kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mwamphamvu. Mulingo wa zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimafunikira kwa iye osachepera ola limodzi patsiku, ndipo makamaka awiri.
Agalu amenewo omwe sangapeze kutulutsa mphamvu pakuyenda, kusewera kapena kuphunzitsa amakuwona ndikuwononga, kusakhazikika, ngakhale mwamakani. Kuphatikiza apo, kulimbitsa thupi pakokha sikokwanira, amafunikiranso kulingalira.
Maphunziro azachilango, kumvera kwamzonse mumzinda, kulimbikira ndi zina ndizofunikira, zofunikira pakuphunzitsa a VEO olamulidwa.
Chifukwa chazofunikira zawo, sakhala oyenera kukhala m'nyumba, amafunikira nyumba yabwinobwino, bwalo, nyumba yoyendetsera ndege kapena nyumba yogona.
Chisamaliro
Agalu Aubusa aku East Europe safuna chisamaliro chachikulu. Kutsuka pafupipafupi komanso kusamba pafupipafupi ndizomwe amafunikira. Mwachilengedwe, muyenera kuyang'ana ukhondo wamakutu ndikuchepetsa zikhadabo, ndipo muyenera kuphunzitsa mwana wagalu, osati galu wamkulu.
BEO molt, komanso mozama komanso mopindulitsa. Ngati panali mitundu 10 yabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti adalowamo. Ubweya umatha kuphimba makalapeti, mipando ndi zovala chaka chonse, ndipo umakhala wokulirapo nyengo ikamasintha.
Zaumoyo
Popeza palibe maphunziro azaumoyo omwe adachitika pa East European Shepherd Agalu, ndizovuta kuyankhula molimba mtima chonchi. Komabe, agaluwa adalandira majini amitundu ingapo, ndipo adapangidwira zofunikira zazikulu.
BEO imawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wathanzi, makamaka poyerekeza ndi agalu amakono, oyera. Malingaliro awa amagawidwa ndi eni agaluwo, akunena kuti sanazindikire matenda aliwonse apadera. Moyo wa BEO ndi zaka 10-14, zomwe ndizabwino kwambiri kwa galu wamkulu.
Amadziwika ndi matenda omwe agalu akulu amadwala - dysplasia ndi volvulus. Ndipo ngati choyambitsa chimayambitsa kusintha kwamafundo ndi kupweteka, ndiye kuti chachiwiri chitha kupangitsa galu kufa. Volvulus imapezeka kawirikawiri mu agalu akulu okhala ndi chifuwa chakuya kuposa tating'onoting'ono.
Chifukwa chodziwika ndi zochitika mukatha kudya kwambiri. Kuti mupewe, muyenera kudyetsa galu m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndipo musakwezeke mukangomaliza kudya.
