Poodle (German Pudel, English poodle) ndi mtundu wa agalu omwe kale amagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka, koma lero makamaka zokongoletsa. Uwu ndi mtundu wosinthika kwambiri, pali mitundu inayi yakukula, mitundu iwiri ya ubweya komanso mitundu isanu ndi umodzi.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Palibe chomwe chimadziwika motsimikiza za komwe mtunduwo unayambira. Ngakhale kuti m'mbuyomu ankaganiza kuti poizoni woyambayo anali wochokera ku France, masiku ano mtundu waku Germany ndiwofala kwambiri.
Amakhulupirira kuti mtunduwu udachokera ku umodzi mwamaboma ambiri aku Germany m'zaka za zana la 17. Mawu achijeremani Pudelhund amachokera ku verebu lakale lachijeremani puddeln - "kuwaza m'madzi" ndi Hund "galu".
Kuwonetsa mwachindunji kuti mtunduwo poyamba unali wobwezeretsa ndipo umabweretsa mbalame yosakidwa kuchokera m'madzi kupita kwa wosaka. Panali mitundu ingapo ya agalu ku Russia, Germany ndi Italy, koma inali yotchuka kwambiri ku France, komwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka abakha.
Agaluwa anali amtengo wapatali pazifukwa zingapo. Choyambirira, ali anzeru kwambiri komanso omvera, okopa, amakonda anthu ndikupanga ubale wolimba nawo. Popita nthawi, magwiridwe awo amathera pongofuna kusaka. Ma truffles amafunidwa nawo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayendedwe oyenda ndi mahema, timatumba tating'onoting'ono timakhala mtundu wokongoletsa.
Mu 1874 English Kennel Club imalembetsa mtunduwu, zaka ziwiri zokha kukhazikitsidwa kwa Poodle Club yaku England. Sizikudziwika kuti agaluwa adabwera liti ku America, koma kalabu yaku American Kennel idalemba chipolopolo choyamba mu 1886.
Patatha zaka khumi, Poodle Club of America idawonekera. Ndipo ngati mu 1930 agalu pafupifupi 40 adalembetsedwa, ndiye mu 1950 anali amodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri ku America.
Mtunduwu ndi umodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi masiku ano, ngakhale kuti siwotchuka monga kale. Amamuwona ngati agalu anzeru kwambiri, wachiwiri pambuyo pa Border Collie. Mwachitsanzo, Winston Churchill anali ndi mtundu woyenera wotchedwa Rufus, mtunduwo umakondedwa ndi Pablo Picasso.
Lero agaluwa amadziwika kuti mtundu wokongoletsa, galu mnzake. Koma, padziko lonse lapansi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama posaka, ngati galu wamfuti. Zachidziwikire, izi zimagwiranso ntchito poyerekeza, kakang'ono pazinthu izi sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Pali mitundu itatu osachepera kutalika: muyezo, kakang'ono komanso choseweretsa. Muyeso wamtunduwu amadziwika kuti wakale kwambiri, ndiye kuti kakang'ono ndi choseweretsa chidawoneka. English Kennel Club imazindikira mitundu itatu, pomwe FCI imazindikira zinayi:
- Zoyenera kapena zazikulu (fr. Grand - lalikulu) kuyambira masentimita 45 mpaka 60 zikamafota
- Zing'onozing'ono (fr. Moyen - sing'anga) kuyambira 35 mpaka 45 masentimita zikafota
- Kakang'ono kapena kakang'ono (fr. Naini - kakang'ono) kuyambira masentimita 28 mpaka 35 pofota
- Toy (English Toy) - pansi pa 28 cm atafota
Ndi agalu okangalika, anzeru, okongola, agulu lalikulu. Kukula kwake kumafota kuyambira 60 mpaka 28 cm ndi pansipa. Masowo ndi amdima kwambiri, mawonekedwe owulungika, owoneka bwino komanso anzeru.
Mosiyana ndi agalu ambiri, nyamayi ilibe chovala chamkati chomwe chimatuluka pang'ono. Amawonedwa ngati mtundu wama hypoallergenic, koma izi sizowona, chifukwa zovuta zimayambitsidwa osati ndi malayawo, koma ndi malovu agalu ndi khungu. Koma, komabe, chifukwa cha malaya akuda komanso ochepera pang'ono, samayambitsa chidwi.
Mitengo imakhetsedwa, koma ngati mitundu ina ikhetsa malaya awo, imakodwa ndi malaya oyandikana nawo. Kumbali imodzi, izi ndi zabwino, komano, zimabweretsa kupanga kosavuta kwa zingwe.
Maonekedwe a chovalacho amachokera kuma coarse ndi ubweya mpaka ofewa komanso silky. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ubweya - yopotana komanso yoluka. Zingwezo ndizofanana ndi ubweya wa komondor kapena zipolopolo ndi ma dreadlocks aanthu.
Kale agalu okhala ndi malaya amtunduwu anali ofala ngati opotana, koma masiku ano ndi osowa.
Agalu okhala ndi malaya awa ndi ovuta kusamalira, komanso ovuta kutsuka ndi kuuma.
Chiwerengero cha mitundu yololedwa chimadalira federation, koma pali FCI zisanu ndi chimodzi: zoyera, zakuda, zofiirira, zofiira, siliva, apurikoti.
Khalidwe
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa a Stanley Coren, wolemba buku la The Intelligence of Dogs, poodle ndi wachiwiri wanzeru kwambiri, wachiwiri pambuyo pa collie wamalire.
Ndi maphunziro oyenera komanso mayanjano, ma poodles amadziwika ndi munthu wosavuta, wochezeka komanso wachikondi. Agaluwa amapanga ubale wapamtima ndi mamembala onse, osati m'modzi yekha. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake, apadera, koma pali zikhalidwe zodziwika bwino, zamtundu.
Amadziwika ndikumvetsetsa kwawo kwa malingaliro a eni ake, okwera kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya agalu.
Ngati mwini wake wachoka, ndiye kuti poizoni ayesa kumusangalatsa ndikumusokoneza pamaganizidwe okhumudwitsa. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amapambana, amati agaluwa amakhala oseketsa.
Amadziwika ndi chibadwa champhamvu chosaka, chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo kwa munthu wamakono, chifukwa tazolowera kuphatikiza mtunduwu pokhapokha ngati mnzake. Komabe, ngakhale ameneyo amathamangitsa mbalame ndi amphaka mwachidwi.
Iwo ndi amphamvu kwambiri, monga oyenera mlenje. Izi zimakhudza njira yophunzitsira, chifukwa machitidwe osasangalatsa komanso otopetsa amasokoneza poizoni ndipo amayesetsa kuthawa.
Wosewera, wokonda zosangalatsa, komabe ndiwanzeru komanso womvera kwambiri. Maphunziro sali ovuta, bola ngati amasiyanitsidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana komanso kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe.
Amatha kuchita zinthu motalikirana komanso mwamanyazi ndi alendo, koma amakhala ochezeka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amawadziwa. Amakonda kwambiri ana, omwe amawachitira mokoma mtima komanso mofatsa. Mtundu uwu ukhoza kulimbikitsidwa kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana, ngakhale ang'onoang'ono.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ndizosatheka kusiya galu ndi mwanayo osasamalidwa, ngakhale atakhala ndi ubale wabwino bwanji.
Ngakhale panali mbiri yodziwika bwino yoti Reich Chancellery ya Hitler idatetezedwa osati ndi abusa aku Germany, koma ndi mafumu achifumu, mtunduwo ulibe gawo lachitetezo ndi kulondera.
Koma ndi mabelu abwino. Amayang'anitsitsa zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira ndikupanga phokoso pakagwa ngozi. Mbali yazobwezerera imatha kukuwa kosatha pomwe mwini wakeyo palibe kapena ngati alendo ali pakhomo. Galu amuletsa kuyamwa kuyambira ali mwana.
Popeza mtunduwo umakonda kwambiri kulumikizana, zimakhala zovuta kuti apirire kulekana kwanthawi yayitali komanso kusungulumwa. Poterepa, ndizomveka kukhala ndi poodle yachiwiri, chifukwa amakhala bwino ndi agalu ndipo samachita nkhanza kwa mtundu wawo.
Mwambiri, uwu ndi mtundu wabwino komanso wosangalala, woyenera moyo wamizinda ndi nyumba.
Umboni wa mawu awa ukhoza kupezeka pamsewu uliwonse waukulu. Komabe, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti makamaka ndi osaka.
Ndi mikhalidwe yonse ya galu wosaka: chibadwa chosaka, mphamvu ndi luntha lalitali.
Chisamaliro
Kusunga galu wowonetsa masewera kumatha kutenga nthawi ndi ndalama zambiri, chifukwa kudzikongoletsa sikophweka.
Kusunga galu wama kalasi ndizosavuta, komabe muyenera kuikonzekeretsa milungu 6-8 iliyonse.
Zaumoyo
Vuto lomwe limafala kwambiri pamtunduwu ndimatenda am'makutu. Zimakhudza mitundu yonse ya poodles, popeza tsitsi lawo limakula m'mitsinje yamakutu, momwe imasungira sulfure ndi dothi. Vutoli limathetsedwa ndikuyeretsa makutu nthawi zonse, kuchotsa tsitsi kwa iwo.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku ku UK, Denmark, USA, nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi moyo wazaka 11-12. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa ndi khansa (30%), ukalamba (18%), volvulus (6%), ndi matenda amtima (5%).
Timatumba tating'onoting'ono komanso toseweretsa amakhala moyo wautali, zaka 14-14.5, ndipo nthawi zambiri amafa ndi ukalamba.
