Killifish siotchuka kwambiri m'malo osangalatsa a aquarium ndipo amapezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa ziweto, ngakhale ali ena mwa nsomba zowala kwambiri zam'madzi.
Koma si mitundu yawo yowala yokha yomwe imawapangitsa kukhala osangalatsa. Ali ndi njira yosangalatsa yoberekera, yomwe amatchedwa pachaka. Mwachilengedwe, ana azaka chimodzi amakhala m'madamu osakhalitsa omwe amauma mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Nsombazi zimaswa, zimakula, zimachulukana, zimayikira mazira ndikufa chaka chimodzi chisanathe. Ndipo mazira awo samafa, koma amadikirira nyengo yotsatira yamvula pansi.
Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi nsomba zowala, zosangalatsa, kugawa kwawo mu aquarium zokonda ndi zochepa. Tiyeni tiwone chifukwa chake. Kuphatikiza apo, timvetsetsa kuti ndi nsomba zamtundu wanji, zomwe zili zosangalatsa mwa iwo komanso omwe ali oyenerera ngati ziweto.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Killifish ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la mabanja asanu kuyambira nsomba za karp-toothed. Awa ndi aplocheylaceous (lat. Aplocheilidae), karpodovy (lat. Hyprinodontidae), fundulaceous (lat. Fundulidae), profundula (lat. Profundulidae) ndi valencia (lat Valenciidae). Chiwerengero cha mitundu m'mabanjawa chimafika pafupifupi zidutswa 1300.
Mawu achi Chingerezi akuti killifish amadula khutu la munthu waku Russia, makamaka chifukwa chofanana ndi verebu la Chingerezi kupha - kupha. Komabe, palibe chofanana pakati pa mawu awa. Komanso, mawu oti killifish sadziwika kwa olankhula Chingerezi kuposa ife.
Chiyambi cha mawuwa sichikudziwika bwino, zimaganiziridwa kuti chidachokera ku Dutch kil, ndiye kuti, mtsinje wawung'ono.
Killfish imapezeka makamaka m'madzi atsopano komanso amchere am'mwera ndi North America, kuyambira ku Argentina kumwera mpaka ku Ontario kumpoto. Amapezekanso kumwera kwa Europe, South Africa, Middle East ndi Asia (mpaka Vietnam), kuzilumba zina za Indian Ocean. Sakhala ku Australia, Antarctica komanso kumpoto kwa Europe.
Mitundu yambiri yafishfish imakhala mumitsinje, mitsinje, nyanja. Mkhalidwe wa malo ndiwosiyanasiyana kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina umakhala woipa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kartozubik wa satana amakhala m'phanga la Devil's Hole (Nevada), lakuya kwake limafika mamita 91, ndipo pamwamba pake pali 5 × 3.5 × 3 mita zokha.
Mitundu yocheperako imakhala yochezeka, koma ambiri, m'malo mwake, amakhala mdera lomwe ali ndi nkhanza zosiyanasiyana pamtundu wawo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala magulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala m'madzi othamanga momwe amuna akulu amalondera malowa, kulola akazi ndi amuna osakhwima kudutsa. M'madzi ambiri amatha kukhala m'magulu, bola ngati muli amuna opitilira atatu.
Kutalika kwa moyo m'chilengedwe kumakhala zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, koma amakhala nthawi yayitali mumtambo wa aquarium. Mitundu yambiri imakhala m'malo omwe madzi amasefukira kwakanthawi ndipo zaka zawo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri osaposa miyezi 9. Awa ndi mabanja a Nothobranchius, Austrolebias, Pterolebias, Simpsonichthys, Terranatos.
Kufotokozera
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya zamoyo, ndizosatheka kuzifotokoza. Mwambiri, izi ndi nsomba zowala kwambiri komanso zazing'ono kwambiri. Kukula kwapakati ndi 2.5-5 cm, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri imakula mpaka 15 cm.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Zovuta kwambiri, sizingalimbikitsidwe kwa oyamba kumene. Ngakhale ma Killies ambiri amakhala m'madzi ofewa komanso acidic, kuswana kwa nthawi yayitali kwawalola kuti azolowere mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
Komabe, musanagule nsomba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphunzire mwatsatanetsatane momwe zinthu ziyenera kukhalira.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Popeza nsombazo ndizochepa, sitima yayikulu siyofunikira kuti isungidwe. Makamaka ngati wamwamuna mmodzi ndi wamkazi amakhala mmenemo. Ngati mukufuna kusunga amuna ndi akazi, ndiye kuti voliyumu iyenera kukhala yokulirapo.
Koma, ndibwino kusunga kupha anthu padera, m'nyanja yam'madzi. Ambiri a Killies amakonda madzi ofewa, ngakhale atengera madzi ovuta.
Kutentha kwamadzi kosungira bwino ndi 21-24 ° C, komwe kumakhala kotsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi mitundu yambiri yam'malo otentha.
Kusefera komanso kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse ndizofunikira.
Ndikofunikanso kuphimba aquarium, popeza palifishfish yambiri, nthawi zambiri imadumphira kutali. Ngati aquarium sanaphimbidwe, ambiri a iwo adzafa.
Kudyetsa
Ambiri mwa iwo ndi omnivores. Mitundu yonse yazakudya zopangira, zamoyo kapena zachisanu zimadyedwa mu aquarium. Komabe, pali mitundu yazakudya, mwachitsanzo, yomwe imangotenga chakudya pamwamba pamadzi chifukwa cha zida zapakamwa kapena nsomba zomwe zimakonda zakudya zamasamba.
Ndikofunika kuti muphunzire zofunikira za mitundu yomwe mumakonda.
Ngakhale
Ngakhale ndi yaying'ono ,fishfish yamphongo imachita nkhanza kwambiri. Ndibwino kuti musunge mwamuna m'modzi pa thanki, kapena angapo mu thanki yayikulu yokhala ndi malo okwanira kuti asadutsane. Pankhaniyi, aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi malo okwanira okwanira.
Killfish imakonda kuyenda bwino m'nyanja yamchere. Makamaka ndi nsomba zazing'ono komanso zopanda nkhanza. Koma, okonda keel amakonda kuwasunga padera, m'malo am'madzi am'madzi.
Komabe, pali zosiyana. Golden lineatus (Aplocheilus lineatus) ndi Fundulopanchax sjoestedti, mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yotchuka, ndizodyera ndipo ziyenera kusungidwa ndi nsomba zazikulu kwambiri.
Kusiyana kogonana
Monga lamulo, amuna amakhala owala kwambiri ndipo ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi akazi.
Kuswana
Killfish itha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, osiyana moweta komanso malo okhala..
Gulu loyamba limakhala m'nkhalango zamvula. Malo osungira nkhalango zoterezi amabisika padzuwa ndi mitengo yayikulu, motero nsombazo zimakonda madzi ozizira komanso kuwala kochepa.
Killfish m'malo otere nthawi zambiri imabala mwa kuikira mazira pazomera zoyandama kapena kumunsi kwa mbewu zomwe zikungotuluka kumene. Umu ndi momwe Afiosemions ambiri amabalira. Amatha kutchedwa kuti kubala pamwamba.
Kumbali ina, mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yafishfish imakhala m'mayiwe a savannah aku Africa. Nsombazi zimabisa mazira awo m'nyanjayi. Dziwe likauma ndipo opanga amafa, mazira amakhalabe amoyo. Masentimita angapo a matope amasunga mosamala nthawi yadzinja, nyengo yamvula isanafike. Izi zikuchokera masiku ochepa mpaka chaka.
Amatha kutchedwa - kubala pansi. Mazira a ma keel amenewa amakula nthawi ndi nthawi, poyembekezera nyengo yamvula. Mwachangu ndi akulu komanso ovuta, m'mitundu ina amatha kuberekanso milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Ayenera kupindula kwambiri ndi mvula ndikumaliza moyo wawo m'miyezi ingapo yofunika.
M'malo mwake, pali mitundu ingapo ya keelies yomwe imaphatikiza njira zonsezi kutengera momwe nyengo ilili. Ndiwo a Fundulopanchax, koma sitikhala ndi chidwi chobereka kwawo.
Kuswana kunyumba ndichinthu chosangalatsa koma chovuta. Pobzala pafupi pamtunda, masentimita masentimita a peat yophika ayenera kuikidwa pansi. Izi zipangitsa kuti madzi akhale acidic kwambiri ndipo pansi pa bokosi lobalalirali pakhale mdima.
Peat iyenera kuphikidwa kwa mphindi zisanu kenako imafinyidwa youma kuti ichotse acidity yambiri.
Kwa oberekera pansi, peat wosanjikiza ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1.5-2 cm kuti athe kuyikira mazira mmenemo. Kumbukirani kuti mitunduyi iyenera kukhala ndi malingaliro akuti ikukumba mazira awo mozama mokwanira kuti ipulumuke chilala chomwe chikubwera.
Pobereka kupha, ndibwino kubzala m'modzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, chifukwa chankhanza zoyambilira. Kusiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake si vuto, chifukwa amuna ndi owala kwambiri.
Caviar yomwe idakokoloka pamwamba pamtunda mkati mwa masiku 7-10, ndipo caviar yomwe idakwiriridwa pansi iyenera kukhalabe mu peat yonyowa kwa miyezi itatu (kutengera mtunduwo) madzi asanatsanuliridwenso mu aquarium.
Koma, zonsezi zitha kupewedwa pongogula caviar pa intaneti. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuzigula pa Aliexpress, osatchulapo zoweta zakomweko. Amafika mu moss wonyowa, wazaka zoyenera, ndipo ndikofunikira kumuika m'madzi, monga m'maola ochepa mphutsi zimaswa.
Ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta kuposa kusunga nsomba zam'madzi, kudyetsa ndi kuswana. Kuphatikiza apo, chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo ndichaka chimodzi.
Mitundu ina ya keeli
Kumwera kwa afiosemion (lat. Aphyosemion australe)
Nsomba yotchuka imeneyi imapezeka ku West Africa, komwe imakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono komanso m'mayiwe. Kukula kwake kuli pafupifupi masentimita 5-6. Amuna ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi akazi ndi mphalapala wooneka ngati kanyimbo. Kuti musamalire, mumafunika madzi ofewa komanso acidic.
Afiosemion gardner (Aphyosemion gardneri)
Mwinanso imodzi mwamaganizidwe otchuka komanso otchuka. Amakhala ku West Africa. Ifika kutalika kwa masentimita 7. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma morphs: wachikaso ndi wabuluu.
Lineatus golide (Aplocheilus lineatus)
Nsomba zopanda ulemu zoyambirira zochokera ku India. Imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Imatha kukhala mumchere wamba, koma imatha kusaka nsomba zazing'ono komanso mwachangu. Tidakambirana zambiri mwatsatanetsatane munkhani yapadera.
Njira ziwiri za Afiosemion (Aphyosemion bivittatum)
Nsombazi zimakhala ku West Africa ndipo zimakula mpaka masentimita 5. Poyerekeza ndi zina zotchedwa aphiosemias, misewu iwiriyo ndi yosaoneka bwino ndipo ili ndi mchira, wozungulira.
Nothobranchius Rachovii
Nsombazo zimakhala ku Africa, Mozambique. Amakula mpaka masentimita 6. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zowala kwambiri za m'nyanja yamchere, chifukwa chake imakonda kwambiri anthu okonda keel.
