Pali zigawo 55 ndi mizinda ikuluikulu 37 ku Africa. Izi zikuphatikiza Cairo, Luanda ndi Lagos.
Kontinentiyi, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, ili m'dera lotentha, chifukwa chake amakhulupirira kuti ndiye yotentha kwambiri padziko lapansi. Anthu aku Africa, pafupifupi anthu 1 biliyoni, amakhala m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha komanso m'zipululu.
M'maboma, sikuti chitetezo chachilengedwe chokha sichinakhazikitsidwe, komanso kafukufuku komanso kuyambitsa njira zaposachedwa kwambiri zasayansi, kuchepetsa kutulutsa kosavomerezeka mumlengalenga, kuchepetsa kutaya kwazinyalala, kuchotsa zotsalira zamankhwala zoyipa.
Mavuto azachilengedwe samayambitsidwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino zachilengedwe, monga chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mopanda nzeru, kuchuluka kwa mayiko, kupeza ndalama zochepa kwa anthu komanso kusowa kwa ntchito, popeza chilengedwe chikuwononga.
Mavuto apadziko lonse komanso apadera
Choyamba, pali mitundu iwiri yamavuto - yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso yapadera. Mtundu woyamba umaphatikizapo kuipitsa mlengalenga ndi zinyalala zowopsa, kupangira chilengedwe, ndi zina zambiri.
Mtundu wachiwiri umakhala ndi zovuta zotsatirazi:
- mbiri yachikoloni
- komwe kontrakitala ili m'malo otentha ndi akumwela (anthu sanathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira ndi njira zolimbikitsira chilengedwe chomwe chadziwika kale padziko lapansi)
- kukhazikika komanso kulipidwa bwino pazinthu zofunikira
- kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa njira zasayansi ndi ukadaulo
- kutsika kwakukulu kwa anthu
- kuchulukitsa kubereka, komwe kumabweretsa ukhondo
- umphawi wa anthu.
Zopseza zachilengedwe ku Africa
Kuphatikiza pa mavuto omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa ku Africa, akatswiri amasamala kwambiri za ziwopsezo zotsatirazi
- Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kudzawopseza Africa. Anthu akumadzulo amabwera ku kontinentiyi kudzafuna matabwa abwino, motero nkhalango zotentha zatsika kwambiri. Mukapitiliza kudula mitengo, anthu aku Africa adzatsala opanda mafuta.
- Kukhala chipululu kumachitika m'dziko lino chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa komanso kulima kosamveka bwino.
- Kutha kwanthaka mwachangu ku Africa chifukwa cha njira zosagwira bwino zaulimi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
- Zinyama ndi zomera ku Africa zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu, chifukwa chakuchepa kwakukulu kwa malo okhala. Mitundu yambiri yanyama yosawerengeka yatsala pang'ono kutha.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi mopanda tanthauzo pakuthirira, kugawa bwino pamalopo ndi zina zambiri kumabweretsa kusowa kwa madzi mdziko lino.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa mpweya chifukwa cha mafakitale otukuka komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya mumlengalenga, komanso kusowa kwa malo oyeretsera mpweya.
