Dera la Chelyabinsk lili m'chigawo cha Russia, ndipo mzinda wapakati ndi Chelyabinsk. Derali ndilopambana osati pakungotukula mafakitale, komanso pamavuto akulu azachilengedwe.
Kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe
Makampani akulu kwambiri mdera la Chelyabinsk. Zitsulo zimawerengedwa, ndipo mabizinesi onse mdera lino ndiwo magwero a kuipitsa chilengedwe. Mlengalenga ndi dziko lapansi zaipitsidwa ndi zitsulo zolemera:
- mercury;
- kutsogolera;
- manganese;
- chrome;
- benzopyrene.
Nitrogeni oxides, carbon dioxide, soot ndi zinthu zina zingapo za poizoni zimalowa mlengalenga.
M'malo omwe mchere umakumbidwa, miyala yosiyidwa imatsalira, ndipo ma void amapangidwa mobisa, zomwe zimayambitsa kusuntha kwa nthaka, kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka. Nyumba zanyumba komanso zanyumba zanyumba komanso zamakampani zimayendetsedwa nthawi zonse m'madzi amderali. Chifukwa cha izi, m'madzi mumakhala phosphates ndi mafuta, ammonia ndi nitrate, komanso zitsulo zolemera.
Zovuta za zinyalala ndi zinyalala
Limodzi mwa mavuto ofulumira a dera la Chelyabinsk kwazaka zambiri kwakhala kutaya ndi kukonza zinyalala zosiyanasiyana. Mu 1970, malo onyamula zinyalala zolimba zapakhomo adatsekedwa, ndipo palibe njira zina zomwe zidawoneka, komanso malo otayira zinyalala zatsopano. Chifukwa chake, malo onse owononga omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano ndi osaloledwa, koma zinyalala ziyenera kutumizidwa kwina.
Mavuto amakampani anyukiliya
Pali mabizinesi ambiri a zida za nyukiliya m'chigawo cha Chelyabinsk, ndipo chachikulu kwambiri mwa iwo ndi Mayak. Kumalo amenewa, zida zochokera ku mafakitale a nyukiliya zimawerengedwa ndikuyesedwa, ndipo mafuta a nyukiliya amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikusinthidwa. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za m'derali zimapangidwanso pano. Matekinoloje ndi maluso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ku chilengedwe. Zotsatira zake, zinthu zowulutsa ma radio zimalowa mumlengalenga. Komanso, mwadzidzidzi mwadzidzidzi kumachitika, ndipo nthawi zina ngozi zazikulu m'mabizinesi, mwachitsanzo, mu 1957 panali kuphulika.
Mizinda yoyipitsidwa kwambiri m'derali ndi iyi:
- Chelyabinsk;
- Magnitogorsk;
- Karabash.
Izi si mavuto onse a chilengedwe cha dera la Chelyabinsk. Pofuna kukonza zachilengedwe, ndikofunikira kusintha kusintha kwachuma, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ena, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ndikugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje owononga chilengedwe.
