Mavuto azachilengedwe panyanja

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Nyanja ndi chinthu chapadera m'chilengedwe, momwe nyanja, nthaka ndi mlengalenga zimagwirira ntchito, osatengera kukopa kwa chinthu cha anthropogenic. Malo apadera achilengedwe amapangidwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, omwe amakhudza zachilengedwe zomwe zili pafupi. Madzi amitsinje akuyenda kudutsa m'malo osiyanasiyana amadutsa munyanja ndikuwadyetsa.

Kusintha kwanyengo

Kutentha kwanyengo ndikusintha kwanyengo kumakhudza momwe nyanja ilili. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwapachaka kwa +2 madigiri Celsius, madzi oundana akusungunuka, kuchuluka kwa Nyanja Yadziko Lonse kumakwera, ndipo chifukwa chake, nyanja yamadzi ikukwera, zomwe zimapangitsa kusefukira kwamadzi ndi kukokoloka kwa magombe. M'zaka za zana la 20, theka la magombe amchenga padziko lapansi adawonongedwa.

Chimodzi mwazotsatira zakusintha kwanyengo ndikulimba, kuchuluka kwa mikuntho, komanso kuchuluka kwamadzi okwera. Izi zimasokoneza moyo wa anthu omwe amakhala kunyanja. Zochitika zachilengedwe zamphamvu zimabweretsa masoka achilengedwe, chifukwa chake osati nyumba zowonongedwa zokha, komanso anthu amatha kufa.

Kachulukidwe ka ntchito nthaka

Njira zosamukira zili ndi chizolowezi choti anthu akusunthira mwachangu osati kudera lakumayiko, koma kugombe. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali m'mbali mwa gombe kumakulirakulira, chuma cha m'nyanja ndi gombe la m'mphepete mwa nyanja chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo katundu wambiri padziko lapansi amapezeka. Ntchito zokopa alendo zikukula m'mizinda yam'mbali mwanyanja, zomwe zimakulitsa zochitika za anthu. Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuipitsa kwa madzi ndi gombe lenilenilo.

Kuwonongeka kwa nyanja

Pali zifukwa zambiri zowonongera nyanja zamdziko lapansi, makamaka nyanja. Madera amadzi amavutika ndi zinyalala zapanyumba ndi madzi amdima osachepera ndi mafakitale. Gwero la kuipitsa sikuti mitsinje ikungolowera m'nyanja zokha, komanso mabizinesi osiyanasiyana, mvula yamchere, mpweya woipa, agrochemicals. Mafakitale ena amakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi nyanja, zomwe zimawononga chilengedwe.

Mwa nyanja zonyansa kwambiri padziko lapansi, zotsatirazi ziyenera kulembedwa:

  • Mediterranean;
  • Wakuda;
  • Azov;
  • Baltic;
  • South China;
  • Zamgululi

Mavuto azachilengedwe anyanja ndiofunika masiku ano. Tikawanyalanyaza, ndiye kuti sikuti madzi am'madzi apadziko lonse lapansi adzaipiraipira, koma matupi ena amadzi amathanso kuzimiririka padziko lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, Nyanja ya Aral ili m'mphepete mwa tsoka.

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