Zinyalala zamankhwala, kuwonjezera pamakalasi omwe amavomerezedwa kale, ali ndi makina ake. Ikufotokozedwa m'makalata, kutanthauzanso mtundu ndi gawo lazomwe zingakhudze chilengedwe. Kuopsa kwakusiya kumawonjezeka ndi chilembo chilichonse - kuchokera ku "A" mpaka "D".
Makalasi owopsa azinyalala
- Pali magawo asanu oopsa pazinyalala zamankhwala. Mwanjira zambiri, dongosolo lagoletsali limabwereza magulu onse azinyalala, koma lili ndi mawonekedwe ake.
- Kalasi "A": izi ndi zonyansa zochokera kuzipatala zomwe sizikuwononga chilengedwe ndi anthu. Izi zikuphatikiza mapepala, zotaya chakudya, ndi zina zambiri. Zonsezi zitha kuponyedwa mumtengowu.
- Kalasi "B": gulu ili limaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zakumana ndi odwala, komanso zinyalala zomwe zimadza chifukwa chothandizidwa ndi kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Amatengedwera kumalo otayidwa pansi.
- Kalasi "B": izi ndi zinthu zomwe zakumana ndi odwala, zomwe zimatsimikizika kuti zimafalikira ndi matenda aliwonse. Zimaphatikizaponso zinyalala zochokera kuma laboratories, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyipitsidwa. "Zinyalala" zotere zimayang'aniridwa ndikuwerengera kwapadera.
- Kalasi "D": apa - zinyalala zosiyanasiyana za mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo: ma thermometer, mankhwala, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zambiri. Mwina sangakumane ndi odwala mpang'ono pomwe, koma iwowo ndiowopsa. Amanyamulidwa ndi kutayidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa mwapadera.
- Kalasi "D": gulu ili limaphatikizapo zinthu zamankhwala ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi cheza chowonjezera chakumbuyo. Zonyansa zoterezi, ngakhale zitasungidwa kwakanthawi, ziyenera kuikidwa muzidebe zachitsulo.
Kodi kalasi "D" ndi chiyani?
Zinyalala zamagetsi za Class D sizachilendo. Gawo lawo pazinyalala zonse zamankhwala ndizochepa, koma amapezeka pafupifupi kuchipatala chilichonse. Choyambirira, izi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zowunikira, monga X-ray film.
Poizoniyu ang'onoang'ono chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala. Zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito fluoroscopy, zida za fluorographic, gamma tomographs ndi zida zina zowunikira "zikukomoka" pang'ono. Ndicho chifukwa chake fluorography siyikulimbikitsidwa kangapo pachaka, ndipo popanga chithunzi cha X-ray cha dzino, chifuwa cha wodwalayo chimakutidwa ndi cholembera cholemera kwambiri.
Zigawo za zida zotere zomwe sizinayende bwino, komanso zida zogwiritsidwira ntchito, zimayenera kuwerengedwa mwapadera. Bungwe lililonse lazachipatala lili ndi magazini yomwe imalemba kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zidapangidwa, komanso nthawi yomwe zidatumizidwa. Asanawonongedwe kapena kusungidwa, zinyalala zamakalasi za "D" zimasungidwa muzitsulo zachitsulo zosindikizidwa ndi simenti.
Kodi zinyalala za "D" zimatayidwa bwanji?
Zinthu "zothwanima" ndi zinthu zochokera kumabungwe azachipatala zimanyamulidwa pagalimoto yapadera. Asanataye, kuwunika kwa zinyalala kumachitika pofuna kudziwa kapangidwe kake, komanso mphamvu ya radiation.
Zinyalala zimaonedwa ngati zowopsa m'kalasi "D" bola ngati cheza ichi chikupezeka. Zinyalala zochokera kuchipatala sizoyambitsa magetsi kuchokera ku chomera cha nyukiliya, chifukwa chake nthawi yovunda ya ma radioisotopes ndiyochepa. Nthawi zambiri, mutha kudikirira kuti zonyansazo zisiye "kupereka" poziika posungira kwakanthawi padera padera. Dzuwa lakumbuyo likabwerera mwakale, zinyalala zimatayidwa pamalo onyanyalidwa.
