Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti ndi mbalame ziti zomwe zimakonda kuimba mbalame? Kuweruza ndi mayina a omwe angathe kuimba. Koma sizinakhale zophweka. Koma tiyeni tisasunge chiwembucho. Mbalame zam'nyanja ndi dzina la mbalame zomwe zimatha kumveka bwino. Zonsezi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 5,000, 4,000 yomwe ndi yaomwe amapita.
Mbalame zanyimbo zaku Russia zili pafupifupi mitundu 300 kuchokera m'mabanja 28. Chaching'ono kwambiri ndi kachilomboka kamutu wachikaso, komwe kamalemera 5-6g, ndipo yayikulu kwambiri ndi khwangwala, wolemera kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka. Kodi mukudabwa? Kapena mukuganiza kuti sikumveka kwake? Chifukwa chake tiwone omwe akatswiri odziwa zamagulu amachitcha mbalame za nyimbo ndipo chifukwa chiyani.
Kodi phokoso limapangidwa bwanji?
Mosiyana ndi mbalame wamba, mbalame zanyimbo zili ndi syrinx - mawonekedwe ovuta a kholingo, omwe amakhala ndi akatumba asanu ndi awiri. Limba ili lili pachifuwa, kumapeto kwenikweni kwa trachea, pafupi ndi mtima. Syrinx imakhala ndi mawu osiyana mu bronchus iliyonse. Vocalization nthawi zambiri imachitika pakamatulutsa mpweya poyendetsa mapiko apakatikati ndi ofananira kumapeto kwa bronchus. Makomawo ndi ziyangoyango zamalumikizidwe olumikizana omwe, akamatulutsa mpweya, amayambitsa kugwedezeka komwe kumapanga mawu. Minofu iliyonse imayang'aniridwa ndi ubongo, yomwe imathandiza mbalame kuti zizitha kuyendetsa zida zawo.
Mbalame zambiri zanyimbo ndizochepa mpaka pakati, kukula kwake, ndi nthenga zowirira. Mlomo mulibe sera. Kwa oimira tizilombo, nthawi zambiri imakhala yopyapyala, yopindika. M'ma granivores, ndi ofanana komanso olimba.
N’chifukwa chiyani mbalame zimaimba?
Monga mwalamulo, ndi amuna okha omwe amaimba mbalame zambiri zanyimbo. Vocalization imaphatikizapo zovuta zosiyanasiyana zolumikizirana. Chokongola kwambiri komanso chosangalatsa ndi kuyimba kwamphongo m'nyengo yamatchi. Amakhulupilira kuti potero amaonetsa kuti akufuna kukwatirana ndi mkaziyo ndikuchenjeza omwe akupikisana nawo kuti mayiyo akutanganidwa mderali. Kapenanso, asayansi amati azimuna amasangalatsa akazi powimba.
Pali zikwangwani zosiyana zomwe zimadziwitsa amuna ena za kulowa mderalo. Nthawi zambiri kuimba kumalowedwa m'malo ndi kulimbana kwakuthupi, komwe wotsutsana naye sakufuna.
Mitundu ina ya mbalame, onse awiri akuyimba, izi zimagwira ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mtundu wofanana kapena amapanga peyala yamoyo wonse. Mwina, ndi momwe kulumikizana kwawo kumalimbikitsidwira, kulumikizana ndi anapiye ndi anthu ena kumachitika. Mitundu yambiri yamadambo ili ndi nyimbo "zowuluka".
Mawu a mbalame
Ngakhale mbalame za nyimbo zimaphatikizapo oimba abwino kwambiri, monga nightingale kapena thrush, ena amakhala ndi mawu ankhanza, onyansa kapena opanda mawu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame imadziwika ndimitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu, omwe mtundu uliwonse umaphatikiza kukhala nyimbo yabwinobwino kwa iyo yokha. Mbalame zina zimangolembedwa pazolemba zochepa, zina zimakhala ndi ma octave athunthu. Mbalame, kuimba komwe kumakhala ndi mawu osafunikira, mwachitsanzo, mpheta zomwe zimakwezedwa ngakhale ali mu ukapolo, zikafika zaka zina, zimayamba kuyimba monga zikuyembekezeredwa. Oimba aluso ambiri, monga ma nightingales, ayenera kuphunzira luso ili kuchokera kwa abale awo achikulire.
Chosangalatsa chakhazikitsidwa, chomwe chikusonyeza kuti kuimba kwa mbalame zofananako ndizosiyana kwambiri, ndipo mwa zomwe zimakhala zosiyana, zitha kukhala zofanana. Izi zimateteza mbalame kuti zisakwere ndi oimira mtundu wina pamasewera olimbirana.
Mbalame Zanyimbo zaku Russia
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, pali mbalame za nyimbo pafupifupi 300 kudera la Russia. Amapezeka paliponse. Ngati mumayang'ana mdera, mwachilengedwe, sikuti aliyense amasinthidwa mogwirizana ndi nyengo. Wina amakonda mapiri otsetsereka, ena madera otambalala.
Omwe amayimira ma lark, wagtails, waxwings, blackbirds, titmice, buntings, starlings ndi finches:
Lark
Kumeza
Wagtail
Kuthamanga
Nightingale
Robin
Wosaka ndege
Zododometsa
Oriole
Khwangwala
Jackdaw
Jay
Magpie
Mitundu ina yalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo ili pangozi. Izi zikuphatikiza chowombetsa tawuni ya paradaiso, ndalama zazikulu, mabatani a Yankovsky, utoto wopaka ndi zina.
