Cholengedwa chaumunthu chamtundu umodzi sichimasintha kukhala mtundu wina wamoyo. Koma funso loti bwanji anyani samasintha kukhala anthu ndilosangalatsa chifukwa limathandiza kulingalira za moyo, chisinthiko komanso tanthauzo la kukhala munthu.
Chilengedwe chimakhazikitsa malire
Ngakhale mitundu yambiri ndiyosiyana, munthu wamkulu wochokera mumtundu umodzi nthawi zambiri samaswana ndi wamkulu wochokera ku mtundu wina (ngakhale izi sizowona kwenikweni pazomera, ndipo pali mitundu ina kusiyanasiyana kwa nyama).
Mwanjira ina, ana achichepere opukutidwa ndi imvi amapangidwa ndi tambala tosakanizidwa bwino m'malo mwa Major Mitchell.
Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito ku mitundu ina, yomwe sitidziwika bwino ndi ife. Pali mitundu yambiri ya ntchentche za zipatso, ntchentche za zipatso (ntchentche zazing'ono kwambiri zomwe zimakopeka ndi zipatso zowola, makamaka nthochi) zomwe zimafanana mofanana.
Koma amuna ndi akazi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Drosophila samatulutsa ntchentche zatsopano.
Mitundu sizisintha kwenikweni, komabe zimasintha, ndipo nthawi zina kwakanthawi kochepa (mwachitsanzo, potengera kusintha kwa nyengo). Izi zikubweretsa funso losangalatsa lokhudza momwe mitundu isinthira komanso momwe mitundu yatsopano imatulukira.
Lingaliro la Darwin. Kodi ndife achibale ndi anyani kapena ayi
Pafupifupi zaka 150 zapitazo, Charles Darwin anafotokoza momveka bwino m'buku lakuti The Origin of Species. Ntchito yake idatsutsidwa panthawiyo, mwa zina chifukwa malingaliro ake samamveka bwino. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena amaganiza kuti Darwin akuti popita nthawi, anyani amasanduka anthu.
Nkhaniyi imanena kuti pokambirana pagulu komwe kudachitika patangopita miyezi ingapo kuchokera ku The Origin of Species, Bishop wa Oxford a Samuel Wilberforce adafunsa a Thomas Huxley, mnzake wa Darwin, "Kodi agogo ake aamuna kapena agogo ake anali anyani?"
Funso ili limasokoneza lingaliro la Darwin: anyani samasandulika anthu, koma anthu ndi anyani ali ndi kholo limodzi, chifukwa chake pali kufanana pakati pathu.
Kodi ndife osiyana bwanji ndi anyani? Kusanthula kwa majini omwe amakhala ndi chidziwitso chomwe chimatipanga ife ndife zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti chimpanzi, bonobos, ndi anthu amagawana ma jini ofanana.
M'malo mwake, ma bonobos ndi chimpanzi ndi abale apafupi kwambiri a anthu: makolo amunthu adagawanika kuchokera ku makolo a chimpanzi pafupifupi zaka 5 mpaka 7 miliyoni zapitazo. Bonobos ndi chimpanzi zakhala mitundu iwiri yosiyana posachedwa pafupifupi zaka mamiliyoni awiri zapitazo.
Ndife ofanana, ndipo anthu ena amati kufanana kumeneku ndikokwanira kuti anyaniwa akhale ndi ufulu wofanana ndi anthu. Koma, zowonadi, ndife osiyana kwambiri, ndipo kusiyana kowonekera kwambiri ndi komwe sikuwonedwa ngati kwachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe.
