Pelopey wamba (Sceliphron destillatorium) ndi wa banja lakukumba mavu, dongosolo la Hymenoptera.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa Pelopeus wamba
Pelopeus ndi mavu akuluakulu, owonda. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika pa masentimita 0,15 mpaka 2.9. Thupi lakuda ndi lakuda, magawo oyamba pazitsulo, pamimba pamiyendo komanso mbali zina zamapiko zachikasu. The postscutellum nthawi zina imakhala mthunzi womwewo. Pamaso pachifuwa ndi pamutu pali ubweya wakuda wakuda. Mimba imakhala yopyapyala, yopingasa.
Kufalitsa kwa Pelopean wamba
Pelopeus ndi mtundu wamba wa tizilombo ta Hymenoptera. Derali limaphatikizapo Central Asia, Mongolia ndi madera oyandikana nawo. Amakhala ku Caucasus, North Africa, Central ndi Southern Europe. Ku Russia, a Pelopean wamba amafalikira kumwera kwa Siberia, omwe amakhala kumwera ndikusankha pakati pa gawo la Europe, amalowera kumpoto mpaka ku Kazan. Malire akumpoto amtunduwu amadutsa kudera la Nizhny Novgorod, komwe mitundu iyi imapezeka kokha pafupi ndi mudzi wa Staraya Pustyn, m'chigawo cha Arzamas.
Malo a pelopea wamba
Pelopeus wamba amakhala mdera labwino, amapezeka kumidzi kokha. Amapezeka m'malo otseguka pafupi ndi zithaphwi zonyowa ndi nthaka yadothi, samawonekera maluwa. Kwa zisa amasankha zipinda zotentha bwino za nyumba za njerwa. Amakonda madenga okhala ndi madenga azitsulo, oyatsa bwino.
Sakhala m'nyumba zosatenthedwa (masheya, malo osungira). M'chilengedwe, chisa chawo chimangokhala kumadera akumwera. Mtundu uwu sunalembedwe m'mizinda.
Kubalana kwa pelopea wamba
Pelopeus - wamba thermophilic mitundu. Amamanga zisa m'malo osayembekezereka, ngati kungakhale kotentha komanso kowuma. Kwa kukaikira mazira, amasankha ngodya zamatumba obiriwira, matabwa a chipinda chofunda, zotchingira kukhitchini, zipinda zogona zanyumba. Pomwe chisa cha Pelopean chimapezeka mchipinda momwe chowotcha cha makina opota silika chimagwirira ntchito, ndipo kutentha mchipindacho kudafika madigiri makumi anayi mphambu asanu ndi anayi ndikungotsika pang'ono usiku. Zisa za Pelopeus zidapezeka pamulu wa mapepala omwe adatsalira patebulo, pamakatani pazenera. Zida zadothi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'miyala yakale pamiyala ing'onoing'ono, m'zinyalala za mafakitale, pansi pamiyala yomwe imakanikizidwa pansi.
Zisa za Pelopean zimapezeka m'zipinda zokhala ndi uvuni waukulu, zimapezeka pakamwa pa uvuni, pakhomo kapena pamakoma ammbali. Ngakhale utsi ndi mwaye ndi zochuluka, mphutsi zimamera m'malo ngati amenewa. Zida zomangira zazikulu ndi dothi, lomwe a Pelopean amachotsa m'madambo osayanika ndi magombe onyowa. Chisa chimapangidwa ndimaselo ambirimbiri ngati dongo lopanda mawonekedwe. Pofuna kudyetsa mphutsi, akangaude amaikidwa mu selo iliyonse, kukula kwake kuyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa maselo. Amafa ziwalo ndikupita nawo ku chisa. Chiwerengero cha akangaude omwe adayikidwa mukachipinda kuyambira anthu 3 mpaka 15. Dzira limayikidwa pafupi ndi kangaude woyamba (m'munsi), kenako dzenje limakutidwa ndi dongo. Ntchito yomaliza itatha, pamwamba pake pamadzaza ndi dongo lina. Mphutsi imayamba idya kangaude wam'munsi komanso isanaphunzitsidwe, palibe kachilombo kalikonse kamene kamakonzekera kudya kamatsalira. Pelopeans amatha kupanga zingapo mkati mwa chaka. M'chaka, chitukuko chimatenga masiku 25-40. Nyengo yozizira imachitika pagawo la mphutsi yomwe yabisala pachoko. Kutuluka kwa akulu kumachitika kumapeto kwa Juni.
Chisa chofala cha Pelopeus
Maziko a chisa cha Pelopean ndi dothi lomwe limasonkhanitsidwa m'malo achinyezi m'malo otsetsereka m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje, kuchokera kumtunda kumeneku. Tizilombo tingawoneke pafupi ndi mabowo othirira ziweto, pomwe nthawi yotentha kwambiri dothi limakhala lonyowa chifukwa chamadzi otayika. A Pelopeans amatenga dothi mumlengalenga, akugwedeza mapiko awo ndikukweza mimba yawo ndi miyendo yopyapyala. Dongo laling'ono lofanana ndi nsawawa limatengedwa nsagwada ndikupita naye ku chisa. Amaika dongo mchipindacho ndikuwulukira mbali yatsopano, ndikupanga zigawo zatsopano. Zisa za Pelopean ndizofooka ndipo zimanyowa m'madzi, zimawonongedwa ndi mvula. Chifukwa chake, mavu obowola amakonza dothi pansi pa denga la nyumba za anthu, pomwe madzi samasewerera.
Nest ndi yama cell ndipo imakhala ndimaselo angapo azadothi omwe amapanga mzere umodzi, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mizere ingapo. Nyumba zazikulu kwambiri zimakhala ndimaselo khumi ndi asanu kapena khumi ndi awiri, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala atatu kapena anayi ndipo nthawi zina khungu limodzi pachisa. Selo loyamba nthawi zonse limakhala ndi mazira a Pelopean, ndipo zomaliza zimakhalabe zopanda kanthu. Tizilombo tomwe timamanga zisa zingapo m'malo osiyanasiyana. Maselo achilengedwe a mawonekedwe ozungulira, opendekeka pamwamba kutsogolo kwa dzenje. Chipindacho chimakhala ndi masentimita atatu m'litali, 0,1 - 0,55 masentimita m'lifupi. Pamatopewo pamawerengedwa, koma pali zotsalira chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito gawo lotsatira - zipsera, kotero mutha kuwerengera kuti Pelopeus adawulukira kangati posungira nkhaniyo. Kawirikawiri zipsera khumi ndi zisanu mpaka makumi awiri zimawonekera pamtunda, maulendo ambiri apangidwa ndi tizilombo kuti tiumbe khungu limodzi.
Zisa zadothi zimaphatikizidwa m'modzi ndi mzake ndikudzaza ndi akangaude.
Mukayika mazira, dzenje limatsekedwa ndi dongo. Ndipo nyumba yonseyi idakutidwanso ndi dothi laling'ono. Ziphuphu za dothi zimaunjikana mwachisawawa ndipo chisa chimaphimbidwa ndi kutumphuka, koipa. Maselo amtunduwu adapangidwa mosamala ndi a Pelopeans, koma mamangidwe omaliza amawoneka ngati chotupa chomata pakhoma.
Zifukwa za kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha Pelopea wamba
Zifukwa zazikulu zakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha Pelopea vulgaris ndikumazizira kwa mphutsi nthawi yozizira. Zaka zozizira zamvula zimapangitsa nyengo kuswana komanso sizoyenera kuswana. Chofunikira pakuchepetsa ndikupezeka kwa tiziromboti. M'maselo ena okhala ndi akangaude opuwala, mphutsi za Pelopeans kulibe, zimawonongedwa ndi tiziromboti.
Kutenga tizilombo kuti tisonkhanitse, kuwononga zisa zawo kumapangitsa kuti ma Pelopeans azimiririka m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kulikonse ndipo kukupitilira kuchepa. Malo ochepa oberekera mavu obowola amakhalabe m'malo mwawo.
