Pali nyama zambiri zokongola komanso zoseketsa mdziko lathu zomwe zimakhala kuthengo, zomwe anthu amafuna kuweta. Izi zikuphatikizapo nyani wokongola. saimiri.
Abulu nthawi zambiri amakonda kwambiri anthu, mwina chifukwa amakhala osangalala komanso ofanana ndi ife? Kapena mwina wina amakhulupirira zikhulupiriro za Darwin, ndiyeno anyani amatha kuyerekezedwa ngati makolo athu? Ngakhale zitakhala zotani, saimiri ndi imodzi mwazokonda pagulu.
Chikhalidwe
Anyani a Simiri khalani m'nkhalango zamvula ku Peru, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Paraguay. South America ikugwirizana ndi nyengo yake ndi nkhalango zowirira, kupezeka kwa chakudya cha nyama izi. Saimiri sikumangokhala m'mapiri a Andes okha. Ambiri, iwo sakonda mtunda wa mapiri, chifukwa n'zovuta kuti abisala adani.
Muthanso kuwona anyaniwa pafupi ndi minda ya khofi ku Brazil. Kumwera kwa Paraguay, nyengo ina yayamba, ndipo anyani a saimiri achepetsedwa kwambiri. Nyama izi zimakonda kusankha malo pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, ngakhale nthawi zambiri amakhala mumitengo. Amafunikiranso madzi oyera komanso kukula kwa mbewu zomwe saimiri amadyetsa.
Maonekedwe
Saimiri ndi anyani amtundu wa agalu kapena agologolo, ochokera pagulu la anyani amphongo yotakata, monga ma capuchins. Saimiri ndi yocheperapo 30 sentimita ndipo imalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi. Mchira wawo ndi wautali, wautali kuposa thupi (nthawi zina amapitilira 0,5 mita). Koma mosiyana ndi anyani ena, siigwira ntchito ya dzanja lachisanu, koma imangokhala balancer.
Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, kumbuyo kwa maolivi akuda kapena utoto wobiriwira, miyendo ndiyofiira. Khalani nawo wakuda saimiri chovalacho ndichakuda - chakuda kapena chakuda. Mphuno ndiyoseketsa - pali mabwalo oyera mozungulira maso, makutu oyera. Pakamwa pake, pamtundu wina, ndi wamdima wakuda, ndipo chifukwa chosiyana modabwitsa, nyani amatchedwa "mutu wakufa".
Koma kwenikweni, monga tingawonere kuchokera pa seti chithunzi saimiri, nyani wamaso wamkulu ndi wokongola kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti ubongo wa nyama umalemera 1/17 lolemera thupi lonse, ndipo ndiye waukulu kwambiri (molingana ndi kulemera kwa thupi) pakati pa anyani, limba limapangidwa mwanjira yoti ilibe zophatikizana.
Moyo
Magulu ang'onoang'ono kwambiri a anyani pafupifupi 50-70, koma nkhalango ikakhala yolimba komanso yosadutsika, gulu lawo limakulanso. Mwachitsanzo, ku Brazil, saimiri amakhala mwa anthu 300-400. Nthawi zambiri, alpha wamwamuna wamwamuna amakhala wamkulu paketiyo, koma pali angapo. Ana anyaniwa ali ndi ufulu wosankha okha akazi, pomwe ena onse ayenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti achite izi.
Zimachitika kuti gululo limagawika m'magulu osiyanasiyana pakakhala kusamvana pakati pa amuna amphongo, kapena gawo limodzi likufuna kukhala mdera lomwe lasankhidwa, ndipo linalo kupitirira apo. Koma zimachitika kuti anthu adasonkhananso ndikukhala limodzi. Saimiri ndi achule owala kwambiri, amadumpha kuchokera panthambi kupita kunthambi.
Ngakhale wamkazi wokhala ndi mwana kumbuyo kwake amatha kudumpha mpaka 5 mita. Amakhala m'magulu, nthawi zonse amafunafuna nthambi ndi udzu kufunafuna chakudya. Mwachilengedwe, amaphatikizana kwambiri ndi mitengo kotero kuti nyama yoyima sitha kuwoneka ngakhale patali ndi mita zingapo.
Saimiri amakhala akugwira ntchito masana, amakhala akuyenda pafupipafupi. Usiku, anyani amabisala pamwamba pamitengo yakanjedza, komwe amakhala otetezeka. Mwambiri, chitetezo cha anyani amtunduwu, makamaka, ndichamanyazi kwambiri.
Usiku amazizira, amawopa kusuntha, ndipo masana amathawa zoopsa zilizonse, ngakhale zomwe sizingachitike. Imodzi mwa anyani amtunduwo, yamantha, imalira mofuula, komwe gulu lonselo limachita ndikuthawa nthawi yomweyo. Amayesetsa kuyandikana wina ndi mnzake, kukhala pafupi, masana amalumikizana ndi anzawo nthawi zonse, kulumikizana ndi mawu olira.
Zinthu za Saimiri
Anyani a Saimiri sakonda kutentha, kusintha kwa nyengo. Ngakhale kwawo, samakhala m'mapiri. Nyengo yaku Europe siyikugwirizana nawo, motero amapezeka kawirikawiri ngakhale kumalo osungira nyama. Anyani amafunikiradi kutentha, ndipo mwachilengedwe amawotha nawo ndikumanga mchira wawo wautali m'khosi, kapena kukumbatirana nawo.
Nthawi zina saimiri amapanga zingwe za anthu 10-12, onse pofunafuna kutentha. Nyani nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa, amachita mantha, ndipo nthawi ngati imeneyi misozi imatuluka m'maso mwake. Ngakhale nyamazi ndizosavuta kuweta, makamaka ngati zidabadwira mu ukapolo, ndipo poyambirira mumadziwa munthu, simukuyenera kukakumana nawo m'nyumba zawo.
Mtengo wa saimiri okwera kwambiri - 80,000-120,000 zikwi. Koma ichi sichizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri kuti si aliyense amene ali wokonzeka kuwathandiza. Chomwe chimakhala chosasangalatsa ndikuti amakhala osasamala, akamadya, zipatso zake zimafinya ndikupopera madziwo.
Ndizosangalatsa makamaka kuti amapaka nsonga ya mchira ndi mkodzo, motero imakhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, saimiri amakonda kudandaula komanso kuseka, m'nkhalango yayikulu komanso mnyumba. Kuchenjera kwa anyani kumakupatsani mwayi wophunzitsira kuchimbudzi. Sakonda kusambira, koma amafunika kutsukidwa pafupipafupi.
Chakudya
Saimiri adye zipatso, mtedza, nkhono, tizilombo, mazira a mbalame ndi anapiye awo, nyama zing'onozing'ono zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake titha kunena kuti zakudya zawo ndizosiyanasiyana. Ikasungidwa m'ndende, nyani amatha kudyetsedwa ndi zakudya zapadera zomwe opanga ena amapereka.
Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kupereka zipatso, timadziti, masamba osiyanasiyana, zopangira mkaka (mkaka wowawasa, kanyumba tchizi, yoghurts), masamba ena. Kuchokera pachakudya cha nyama, mutha kupereka nyama zazing'ono zophika, nsomba kapena shrimp. Amakonda mazira, omwe amatha kupatsidwa owiritsa, kapena zinziri zazing'ono zosaphika.
Saimiri ndi nthochi
Adzakhala othokoza kwambiri chifukwa cha tambala wamkulu kapena dzombe lomwe limaperekedwa pa nkhomaliro. Onetsetsani kuti mwapatsa zipatso za zipatso mwa zipatso zina. Zakudya zamchere, zamchere, zamchere ndizoletsedwa. Mwambiri, zakudya za saimiri ndizofanana ndi zomwe anthu amadya wathanzi.
Kubereka
Amayi amakwanitsa kufikira zaka 2.5-3, amuna azaka 5-6 zokha. Nthawi yoswana imatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Munthawi imeneyi, wamwamuna wa alpha amakhala wokulirapo komanso wamakani kwambiri. Akazi amakhala ndi pakati kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Baby simiri
Wobadwa simiri cub pafupifupi nthawi zonse amagona kwamasabata awiri oyamba amoyo, atagwira mwamphamvu chovala cha mayi. Kenako amayamba kuyang'ana pozungulira, kuyesa chakudya cha achikulire. Ana ndiosewera kwambiri, amakhala akusuntha. Akapolo, anyani amakhala zaka pafupifupi 12-15.
Kumtchire, chifukwa cha adani ambiri, ndi anthu ochepa omwe angakwaniritse chiwerengerochi. Aborigines a m'nkhalango yamvula adatcha nyani uyu "mutu wakufa", ndikuganiza chiwanda chomwe amawopa. Popita nthawi, kutchuka kwachinsinsi kumeneku kunazimiririka, ndipo kunangotsala dzina loyipa lokha.
