Agalu ogwira ntchito - izi ndi nyama zomwe zaphunzitsidwa mwapadera ndipo zimatha kuchita mochita bwino komanso moyenerera pafupi ndi woyang'anira galu, nthawi zina, palokha. Agalu ogwira ntchito atha kukhala alonda, injini zosakira, agalu owongolera. Pali ntchito zambiri zankhondo, apolisi ndi anthu wamba pa akaunti ya galu.
Mukufuna ntchito galu ntchito m'zipatala: ochiritsa amiyendo inayi amachita bwino pantchito yothandizira zinyama. Agalu ali ndi kuthekera komwe sanataye, kukhala pafupi ndi munthu ndikulandila chakudya m'manja mwake.
Nzeru yapadera ya kununkhiza, kudzipereka, kupirira, luso lapamwamba kwambiri la kuphunzira pakati pa nyama. Kutengera izi, mwamunayo adapatsa agalu ntchito zingapo zamaluso. Adapanga gulu lapadera la nyama - agalu othandizira.
Palibe tanthauzo lomveka la gululi la nyama. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, agalu ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe ali ndi luso lapadera amaonedwa ngati agalu othandizira. Agalu osaka ndi oweta nthawi zambiri samaphatikizidwa pamndandandawu, ndipo agalu owongolera, m'malo mwake, amawerengedwa ngati agalu othandizira.
Nthawi zambiri, agalu ogwira ntchito amamvedwa ngati agalu omwe amalembedwa m'gulu la asitikali, apolisi, ndi mabungwe ena aboma. Moyo wa nyama izi umayendetsedwa ndi malamulo pazochitika zovomerezeka. Mwachitsanzo, pali lamulo "Pa apolisi", lamulo la boma pakugwiritsa ntchito agalu pachikhalidwe, ndi zina zambiri.
Mitundu ya agalu othandizira
Anthu ena amachita bwino ndi ntchito zambiri. Mitundu ya agalu othandizira... Munthu adapanga mtundu wamtunduwu, ndiye kuti, adagwira ntchito yosankha, monga agalu olondera. Nthawi zina chilengedwe chimakulitsa mawonekedwe amtundu wina. Chitsanzo ndi agalu okhala ndi gulaye omwe amakhala kumpoto ndipo sanakhaleko osakanizidwa.
Doberman
Mtunduwo udasinthidwa makamaka ngati galu wothandizira. Maonekedwe amtunduwu adalembedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za 19th. Wolemba wake amadziwika - katswiri wazanyama waku Germany, wokhala ku Thuringia Karl Dobermann. Sizikudziwika kuti ndi magazi amtundu wanji omwe amatuluka m'mitsempha ya Dobermans, koma zotsatira zake zinali zabwino kwambiri.
Doberman ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri. Kukula kwa amuna kumatha kupitirira masentimita 70 kuchokera pansi mpaka kufota, akazi nthawi zambiri samafika masentimita 68. Ndikulemera bwino (mpaka 50 kg) ndi malamulo olimba, galu amatulutsa mawonekedwe a nyama yokongola, yofulumira. Zomwe zilidi. Kuwoneka kocheperako kumatheka chifukwa cha magawo olondola ndi chovala chachifupi.
Galu anali wowetedwa ngati chida cholimbana ndi olanda. Ntchito yake sikuti kukuwa kapena kuwopseza, koma kuzengereza ndipo, mwina, kukukuta. Chifukwa cha luntha lotukuka, kukhulupirika kwachilengedwe kwa mwini galu, galu sanasinthe kukhala wakupha wopanda nzeru, koma adakhala mlonda wabwino koposa. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 19, anthu olemera amakhulupirira katundu wawo ndikukhala ku Dobermans.
Nyama izi zimagwira bwino ntchito awiriawiri. Galu ndi hule alibe mphamvu zokha, komanso luso laukadaulo. Chisamaliro cha wachifwamba chimasokonezedwa ndi champhongo. Amachita kuchokera kutsogolo. Chinyamachi chimagunda ndikupondereza mdani kumbuyo. Ngakhale mfuti zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi agalu zilibe mphamvu pankhaniyi.
Wopanga
Kuswana kochokera ku Germany. Rottweil amadziwika kuti kwawo. Mbiri yakubala kwake ndi yakale kwambiri kuposa ya Doberman. Zambiri zamtunduwu zidapezeka m'zaka za zana la 18. Poyambirira idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gulu lokakamiza. Ankanyamula ngolo zokhala ndi nyama zakufa. Chifukwa cha zomwe adalandira dzina loti "galu wopha nyama". Palibe kusakanizidwa komwe kudachitidwa.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe omwe amalandila chifukwa chakusankhidwa kwachilengedwe. Kutalika kwake sikupitilira 60 cm, wamwamuna wa Rottweiler amalemera pafupifupi 50 kg. Galu ali ndi mawonekedwe owopsa, osagwedezeka. Ndi dongosolo lamphamvu lamphamvu, lili ndi mawonekedwe ovuta. Palibe wophunzitsa amene anganene kuti ndizosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi Rottweiler.
Kuwonjezeka kwankhanza kumawonetseredwa ndi mayanjano ocheperako adakali aang'ono. Galu amamatira kwambiri kwa mwini wake. Amavomereza molakwika kusintha kwa eni. Pogwira ntchito zovomerezeka, amasonyeza kulimba mtima komanso kukwiya. Itha kukhala ngati mtetezi mpaka kumapeto.
Mdima wakuda waku Russia
Izi sizongokhala mtundu chabe. Izi ndiye zabwino kwambiri zomwe agalu ndi oweta agalu aku Russia akwanitsa. Olima agalu nthawi zambiri amatcha wakuda waku Russia "wakuda". Iye ndi wa agalu olondera ntchito. Koma pachimake, ndimasewera ochita bwino, wokhoza kugwira ntchito ngati mlonda wosamalitsa komanso namwino wosamalira ana.
Mitunduyi idabadwira m'gawo lachiwiri la zaka zapitazi. Ntchitoyi idachitika potsatira malangizo a boma la Soviet ku canine ya Krasnaya Zvezda. Bungweli lomwe linali pafupi ndi Moscow limawerengedwa kuti ndi limodzi mwamagulu abwino kwambiri mu Soviet Union. Blackie ndi wosakanizidwa waposachedwa kwambiri, wodziwika kuti ndi mtundu wazaka zathu. FCI yotchuka (Dog Handlers Union) idavomereza muyezo mu 2010 wokha.
M'busa waku Germany
Izi mwina ndizofunikira kwambiri, zotchuka kwambiri agalu othandizira a Unduna wa Zamkati. Kutchuka kosakayika kunabweretsedwanso ndi abusa aku Germany pamafilimu ambiri. Koma kutchuka kwa media sikukadachitika ngati mtunduwu ukadakhala wopanda maluso apamwamba.
Ajeremani achita bwino bwino pakuswana mitundu ya agalu. Mitunduyi idapezeka kumwera kwa Germany kudzera mu ntchito yoswana ndi ziweto. Tsiku lobadwa la mtunduwo lingatchulidwe mu 1882. Ku Hanover, galu Greif adawonetsedwa pawonetsero. Iye adatsogola pamndandanda wa abusa achi Germany opanda banga.
Shepherd waku Germany ndi seti ya mikhalidwe yofunikira kwa galu wothandizira. Amaphunzira mosavuta komanso mosangalala. Wopanda ulemu, amalimbana ndi zovuta zomwe zimakumana nawo mukamagwira ntchito zaboma. Amachita mwanzeru mwadzidzidzi. Chachikulu ndichakuti ali ndi kununkhira kwabwino, ndi wolimba mtima komanso wodzipereka kwa amuna.
Agalu Aubusa aku Caucasus
Mtundu wakale. Mizu yake imabwerera ku Molossoids, ndiye kuti, agalu akulu omwe amadziwika kuyambira masiku a Roma wakale. The Caucasian Shepherd Dog ndizosankhidwa mwachilengedwe. Anapeza ntchito zake ndi ziweto, kuteteza anthu komanso nyumba. Galu wantchito akujambulidwa Nthawi zambiri amaimiridwa ndi Mbusa woopsa waku Caucasus.
Ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 75, amapereka chithunzi cha nyama yayikulu, yamphamvu, makamaka popeza kulemera kwake kumafikira kulemera kwamwamuna wamkulu. Galu ndi wolimba mtima kupenga, wosadalira komanso wokhulupirika kwambiri kwa mwini wake. Makhalidwe onsewa amamupangitsa kukhala mlonda wabwino kwambiri. Kuti wowononga asataye malingaliro ake, ndikwanira kuti awone Galu wa Abusa aku Caucasus kapena amve mawu ake.
Kuphunzitsa agalu othandizira
Katswiri wamafuta akukonzekeretsa galu mtundu winawake wa zochitika ayenera kukhala katswiri wa zoo, psychopsychologist, veterinarian, agalu achikondi ndikudziwa bwino gawo lomwe nyama ikukonzekera. Ndiye kuti, katswiri wodziwa zambiri pazochitika zabwino pantchito amatenga nawo mbali galu.
Kuphunzitsa agalu othandizira - Iyi ndi njira yovuta kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa malingaliro okomoka. Pophunzitsa galu, woyang'anira galu amadalira osati thupi la nyama, komanso mawonekedwe ake ndi luntha lake. Chifukwa chake, njira zazikulu zophunzitsira - zamakina, zopumira, zotsanzira - ntchito, koma osati kwathunthu.
Maluso ovuta amaphunzitsidwa ndi njira yochenjera yophunzitsira agalu. Mukamaphunzitsa agalu, samatsatira malamulo ovuta kwambiri. Amakulitsa kuyendetsa bwino kwa woyang'anira galu.
- Onani mfundo yoyamba yamaphunziro aliwonse: kuyambira zosavuta kupita kuzovuta.
- Musanayambe maphunzirowa, muyenera kuzolowera nyamayo nokha ndikumva mawonekedwe ake, kuti mudziwe zomwe zikuchitika.
- Pamaphunziro aliwonse, cholinga chake chimatsimikizika. Pophunzira, wophunzitsayo amakwaniritsa cholinga ichi.
- Zomwezo ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi lamulo lomwelo. Lamulolo silingasinthidwe, koma matchulidwe amalamulo omwe angaperekedwe amasiyana.
- Galu ayenera kuphunzira ndi chisangalalo. Maphunziro sayenera kukhala chakudya cha nyama ndi galu.
- Wogwira galu ndi wokhwima, koma wachilungamo. Chilankhulochi chitha kuthetsa malamulo onse ophunzitsira.
Zolemba m'madipatimenti sizimangoyang'anira njira zophunzitsira komanso mapulogalamu ophunzitsira agalu, komanso kuyesa nzeru ndi luso la wophunzitsa yekha. Luso lake komanso luso lake pambuyo pake limamasulira kuchita bwino pantchito zantchito.
Kugwiritsa ntchito agalu othandizira
Kumayambiriro koyambirira kwa agalu, agalu amapatsidwa ntchito zosaka ndi zoweta. Ndi kuyamba kwa nthawi ya nkhondo zakale, agalu adasinthidwa. Asitikali aku Roma, asitikali ankhondo adayimilira pamzere woyamba, akugwira a Molossians aukali. Agalu omwewo adalowa m'malo amisewu yamizinda kuti amenyane nawo.
M'nthawi yathu, kugwiritsa ntchito agalu othandizira zochepa zasintha. Ngakhale anthu adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kafungo ka canine kuposa zibambo ndi nkhanza. Ntchito yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa agalu ndi ntchito yofufuza. Agalu amapeza zinthu kapena anthu mwa kununkhiza. Ntchito yothandizira kwambiri nyama zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi mabomba.
M'magulu ankhondo ndi apolisi, agalu oterewa amagwira ntchito m'malo ogwirira anthu. Pamodzi ndi alonda akumalire ndi oyang'anira kasitomala, oyang'anira nyama amazindikira kunyamula kosavomerezeka kwa zinthu zowopsa. Pogwira ntchito zachitetezo, amapeza zida zophulika zopangidwa ndikubzalidwa ndi zigawenga.
Pankhondo zapakati pazaka zapitazi, zokumana nazo zakhala zikupezeka osati kokha pakuchotsa mabomba, komanso pakugwiritsa ntchito galu ngati mgodi wamoyo. Uwu ndiye mkhalidwe wankhanza kwa nyama. Koma kupereka moyo wanu chifukwa cha miyoyo ya anthu ndi imodzi mwanjira zothandizira agalu. Ponena za kudzipereka (osadziwa kanthu), nthawi zambiri samakumbukira asitikali okha, koma agalu omwe amapereka thanzi lawo ndi moyo wawo ku sayansi.
Sizingatheke kuti anthu okhala m'malo osungira agalu m'malo osiyanasiyana azachipatala, makamaka ku Pavlov Institute, pafupi ndi St. Petersburg, amawerengedwa ngati agalu othandizira. Koma malo azachipatala ndi asayansi awa ali pantchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi nyama zankhondo ndi apolisi: amateteza moyo wamunthu.
Kusamalira agalu othandizira
Agalu omwe amagwira ntchito zovomerezeka, koma za munthu winawake, amasungidwa kunyumba kwa eni ake. Zolemba panyumba zidagawika nyumba ndi aviary. Kapangidwe ka kukhalapo kwa nyama pazochitika zonsezi sizimayambitsa zovuta.
Kuti nyama zomwe zalembetsedwa m'magulu aboma zizikhala zomasuka, zimayikidwa kennel wagalu wantchito, dongosolo lomwe limafotokozedwera ndi malangizo kuchokera ku dipatimenti. Agalu kunja kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito amagona ndikupumula m'makola. Malo omanga nthawi zambiri amakhala 9-10 sq. Izi ndikwanira kuyika kanyumba (2) ka 1.8 m (chinyumba) mchitsekocho.Nyumba ina yonseyo imawonedwa ngati kuyenda.
Ndege zingapo zimaphatikizidwa. Kuchuluka kwa midadada kumadalira kukula kwa malo ophunzitsira agalu. Zonsezi zimayikidwa pamalo otetezedwa. Palinso khitchini ndi zipinda zina zothandiza. Dera lokhala ndi ndege siliyenera kukhala pafupi ndi njanji komanso mafakitale. Ndiye kuti, malowa ayenera kukhala chete, opanda phokoso lamafuta komanso zonunkhira.
Kudyetsa agalu othandizira imachitika kawiri patsiku. Zakudya za galu zimakhala ndi zakudya zomwe zapangidwa kumene kapena zouma zomwe zakonzedwa kale. Zikhalidwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi malangizo ochokera ku dipatimenti. Njira yodyera agalu ndiyokhwima. Iyenera kukhala yolinganizidwa, zogulitsa ziyenera kukhala zatsopano, zophikidwa moyenera. Kugwiritsanso ntchito chakudya chosadyedwa ndikoletsedwa.
Galu yemwe akuyenera kukhala mu aviary amatha kusintha nyumba. Kusamalira agalu othandizira mwina komwe a cynologist amakhala. Izi zimafuna chilolezo kuchokera kwa mabwana a canine komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu zoyenera. Zikatero, ndalama za bajeti zimaperekedwa kuti zizidyera agalu.
Zosangalatsa
Pali nyama zopeka pakati pa agalu. Mwachitsanzo, galu wopulumutsa wotchedwa Barry ku Alps adapeza ndikupulumutsa apaulendo pafupifupi 40 omwe adasochera ndipo adapezeka atagwa chipale chofewa. Barry amadziwika kuti ndi St. Bernard, koma mtundu woterewu sunalipo panthawiyo.
Barry ankakhala kunyumba ya amonke ku St. Bernard, komwe St. Bernards adabadwira pambuyo pake. Njira yachilendo yoyamikirira anthu ndiyodabwitsa. Pozindikira kuyenera kwa wopulumutsa wa miyendo inayi, nyama yopakidwa idapangidwa kuchokera pakhungu la Barry ndikuwonetsedwa ku Berne Museum of Natural Science.
Anthu ambiri amakumbukira Belka ndi Strelka - agalu, omwe mu Ogasiti 1960 mchombo cha Sputnik-5 spacecraft adapulumuka mozungulira 17 ndikubwerera ku Earth. Kenako adakhala mutu wofufuza zamankhwala. Kuuluka mumlengalenga sikukhudza thanzi la agalu. Adakhala masiku awo ku Institute of Space Medicine.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti agalu ambiri adakonzekera ndege. Adadutsa njira yovuta yophunzitsira komanso kuyesa. Palibe amene amakumbukira agalu Chaika ndi Fox. Iwo anali oyamba, Belka ndi Strelka anali ophunzira awo. Apainiya anali opanda mwayi. Tsogolo la Seagull ndi Fox linali lowopsa: m'masekondi oyamba atawuluka, rocket ya Sputnik-4 inaphulika.
M'munda wa zamankhwala, kuwonjezera pa zochiritsira, agalu amatha kuthana ndi mavuto azachipatala. Matenda aliwonse ali ndi fungo. Makamaka, thupi la munthu wodwala limatulutsa fungo linalake. Ndiwofooka kwambiri kotero kuti samadziwika ndi munthu. Galu amamva ndikumva. Zotsatira zake, oncology imadziwika koyambirira. Matenda agalu amatsimikiziridwa mu 90% ya milandu.
Pankhondo ndi zopepuka za Great Patriotic War, agalu amphongo ndi agulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana adatsimikizira kuti ngwazi. Ntchito zambiri zidachitika ndi ma tetrapod ophunzitsidwa kuzindikira migodi. Mmodzi yekha mwa onse adapatsidwa mendulo. Galu wowetayo, dzina lake lotchedwa Dzhulbars lotchuka panthawiyo, adalandira mphotho yaulemu "For Merit Merit".
Nkhondo itatha, Dzhulbars anavulazidwa panthawi ina yomwe ndinalandila mgodi. Atalamulidwa ndi Mtsogoleri Wamkulu, adaphatikizidwa m'ndandanda wa omwe adachita nawo ziwonetserozi. Dzhulbars adanyamulidwa m'manja mwake mu Red Square. Pali nthano yoti yunifolomu ya Mtsogoleri Wamkulu adakhala bulangeti atanyamula galu.
Posachedwa, kuwunika koipa kwalowa m'ndende. Ndiye kuti, zidziwitso za fungo labwino lomwe agalu-detectors amavomereza ngati umboni kukhothi. Mu 2009, panjira ya fungo pa balaclava, kutenga nawo gawo pamilandu kunatsimikiziridwa. Loya wa woweruza milandu adatsutsa. Anati akhoza kukangana ndi akatswiri, koma sangatsutsane ndi agalu. Komabe, agaluwo adatumiza woimbidwa mlanduyo kudziko lina zaka zisanu.
